APEC - dikodi mai. Asia-Pacific tattalin arzikin: jerin kasashen

A duniya akwai kawai 'yan nasara duniya da yankuna da kungiyoyi kamar, a cikin abin da tsakiyar rawa da kasuwanci kansu. Daya daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi - shi ne APEC. Deciphering abbreviations sauti kamar Asia-Pacific tattalin arzikin.

Tarihi na halitta

APEC ƙungiya ta fara zama a shekarar 1989. Jihar-masu yi tarayya da wani m so - tada da misali daga mai rai a cikin Asia-Pacific yankin da stimulating da tattalin arziki da kuma karfafa cinikayya.

Fara al'umma zuwa saka da shirin tattalin arziki da cinikayya tattaunawar. Asia-Pacific tattalin arzikin hada da 21 jihohi. Wannan shi ne Australia da kuma Brunei, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Indonesiya, da kuma Canada, China da kuma Jamhuriyar Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand da kuma Papua - New Guinea, Peru, Rasha, Singapore da kuma Amurka, da Thailand da kuma Taiwan, da Philippines, kazalika da Chile da kuma Japan.

Bayan Rasha, Peru da Vietnam sun aka kunshe a cikin jerin} asashen dake da ƙungiya (a 1997), da al'umma ta gabatar da wani 10-shekara moratorium a kan fadada daga cikin jerin yiwuwa mambobi ne na al'umma.

Sources na samuwar jam'iyya

Hada da APEC, wanda sauti kamar kwafi na Asia-Pacific tattalin arzikin kasashen, shi da aka ba da farko gani a matsayin ƙungiyar na jihohi, kazalika da jummai tattalin arziki. Kungiyar aka asali da nufin magance ba siyasa, amma zalla tattalin. APEC da aka kafa a matsayin forum cewa ba shi da tsarin siga da kuma wanda bai tsaya wani burokrasi. Ko a yau, da hadin gwiwa sakatariya, located in Singapore, ciki har da 23 jami'an diplomasiya. Kowace daga cikin wakilan da aka zaba memba tattalin arziki na aikin. A sakatariyar kuma aiki 20 na gida salaried ma'aikata. Idan aka kwatanta da WTO, APEC, da kwafi na wanda aka bai sama, shi ba bisa ga dokoki na samuwar kungiyoyi da cewa samar da ga samuwar ikon zuwa pravoprinuzhdeniyu a taron na cinikayya rigingimu.

A ƙayyadaddu na} awance

A ƙayyadaddu na aikin ta'allaka a consulting da kuma a cikin wani kokarin isa wani yarjejeniya. Aiwatar da} awance tsakanin jihohin dogara ne a kan bude musayar bayanai tsakanin kasashe da jama'a. A al'umma dogara ne a kan mahalarta ta hanyar hada gama da mutum mataki da tsare-tsaren da suke taimaka cimma burin na kowane daga cikin jihohi. Plans hada da cikakken bayani a kan 15 sassa na aiki. Daga gare su, da farashin da ba a caje mataki, ayyuka da kuma zuba jari, matsayin da conformance, al'adu da kuma hanyoyin da kariya daga hikimar haƙƙoƙin mallaka, manufofin a kan wani m-akai da kuma gwamnatin umarni, saki dokoki na dukiya da kuma kai tsaye shiga tsakani na da rigingimu, da motsi na kasuwanci mutane, tarin da kuma maida hankali bayanai.

Global rawar da APEC

Asia-Pacific tattalin arzikin rufe game da 40% na al'ummar jihar. Adadin GDP na duk halartar kasashen wuce da adadi na 16 tiriliyan daloli, wanda yayi dace da 60% na GDP. APEC shugabannin sun zama babban kayan aiki ga inganta bude cinikayya da kuma fara tattalin arziki, a yankin. The rabo daga cikin kasashe mambobin kungiyar lissafin kudi don a kalla 42% na jimlar duniya cinikayya. Da muhimmancin da kungiyar a cikin shekaru 20 ya karu sosai. Yanzu al'umma mambobi rayayye:

• liberalized cinikayya.
• inganta wani irin kasuwanci .
• samar da moriyar juna tattalin arziki da fasaha cinikayya.
• tafiyad da al'amurran da suka shafi matasa da kuma mata.

Janar ideas kuma fifiko

APEC, wanda dikodi mai da aka bai sama, ta dogara ne a kan zato cewa kasuwanci - ne kafuwar aiki, kuma ya zama nasara da shi yana zuwa da za a kara kuzari. A farkon matakai na al'umma aikin da za'ayi din shawarwari tare da mafi kyau wakilan da kasuwanci rabi a cikin Asia-Pacific yankin.

A 1995 aka yanke shawarar kirkiro Business Shawarwari Board, wanda ya zama wani key jiki na dukan jama'a. All APEC kasashe mambobin kungiyar nada kwamiti na akalla 3 mutanen da suka iya bayyana bukatun da kasa kasuwanci. Shekara-shekara summits ABAC wani lokaci domin wakilan janar shawarwari gabatar a cikin wadannan al'amura:

• aiwatar da al'umma shirin takardun, wanda ke da nasaba da walwalar na ba kawai cinikayya, amma kuma zuba jari gwamnatin.
• ci gaban tattalin arziki da fasaha tarayya.
• ganewa na matsayi dangane da al'umma na kasuwanci matsaloli.

Kowace daga cikin rahotanni da aka ba kafa dabam da kowace jiha, da kuma a kusa da hadin gwiwa da masana daga jihar Tsarin.

A farko tasiri matakai

APEC, wanda aka kullum updated tare da wani jerin kasashen, da farko m mafita soma a 1990-2000. Girmamawa da aka sanya a kan simplification na visa hanyoyin da 'yan kasuwa na tattalin arziki na kungiyar ƙungiyoyi. Aka rage shingen da free motsi ba kawai na dukiya amma kuma zuba jari. Tana ƙarfafa fadada dabarun tunanin a cikin Sphere na kasuwanci cinikayya. Task Force Bac fara aiki da matakan da hadewa da kasashen duniya m ma'aunansa na kayan. Don dauki matakai wajen aiki wajen gina da kuma karfafa kudi tsarin a kan wani matakin kasa da kasa.

Target kungiyar masana a cikin al'umma ne yin kowane kokarin taimaka e-kasuwanci. Ɓullo da wani sa na matakan rage "dijital raba" tsakanin APEC tattalin arziki. List of kasashe mambobin kungiyar na Association ba ka damar ganin yadda daban-daban shi ne matakin na hadewa da rumfa fasahar a cikin Sphere na kasuwanci a daban-daban jihohi. Yau, da wannan matsala da aka gaba daya warware.

A farko a taron kolin kasashen Rasha

A May 2001, shi da aka gudanar ta farko da haɗuwa a Moscow a cikin tsarin na APEC forum. Yana da aka samu halartar 100 wakilan da kasuwanci Elite ATP. Rasha, domin ta bangare, qaddamar da kafa "APEC Business Club", wanda ya hada da fiye da 50 manyan sikelin-m kamfanoni da bankuna, wanda a da ayyukan an shiryar da Asia-Pacific yankin.

A cewar shugaban na Rasha, kasar yi niyyar yi wani aiki a wurin samar da al'umma ayyuka, ciki har da karbuwa daga cikin kasar ta shari'a tsarin da layi daya cigaban dimokuradiyya. babban gwamnatin jihar ne da sanin cewa a karkashin kuzari tasowa cinikayya a yankin, yana da kyau kwarai yiwuwa ga ci gaba.

Taron 2014 a Beijing

A karshe APEC da taron da aka gudanar a Beijing a watan Nuwamba 2014. A tattaunawar sa a wata 24-page bayyanawa. Shugabannin kungiyar-jihohin sun yanke shawarar shiga a haramta motsa harkokin kasuwanci da aiki da kuma ci gaba da yin aiki na rayayye a wajen kin amincewa da kariyar.

APEC da taron a Beijing ya zama dalilin Member Firms ci gaba don ku yi yaƙi da fragmentation na harkokin ciniki ya yankin. A Community da nufin ci gaba Internet-kudi. Bugu da ƙari, an yanke shawarar kusan sunyi baki daya yarjejeniya a kan ci gaban yankunan cinikayya tare da kasashen Afirka, wadda a cikin dogon lokaci ne ya hana yaduwar annobar cutar Ebola.

APEC da taron a birnin Beijing da aka mayar da hankali a kan warware matsalar da rikicin. Girmamawa da aka sanya a kan gaskiyar cewa kowace kasa dole ne nemi tuki sojojin domin ta tattalin arziki.