Balkan Mountains: cikakken faye hali

A Balkan dutsen kewayon Stara Planina (Old Mountain) - daya daga cikin mafi kyau dutsen tsarin a Turai. Mun san ta asali halaye da kuma rarrabe fasali.

Binciko Old duwãtsu

Stara Planina (da Serbian da Bulgarian sunan wuri sunan) - na biyu sunan Balkan Mountains da Balkans, kamar yadda suka kira a baya. Yau, da karshen sunan makale wa kansu da Balkan Larabawa. A duwatsun dā ake kira Αἶμος, Latin - Haemus. Dauke da most dutsen tsarin na Bulgarian jihar, da yammacin ci gaba da abin da za a iya samu a kan ƙasa na yau Serbia.

Mountain iyaka da rababben zamani Bulgaria a Arewa da kuma Kudu, tsallaka cikin kasar daga yamma zuwa gabas. Tun da farko Balkan Mountains rabu daga arewacin Moesia kudancin ƙasar Makidoniya da Thrace. Wannan dutsen da kewayon ne na halitta ci gaba da maƙwabci-Southern Carpathians ridges cewa rarraba baƙin ƙarfe ƙofar (takaita da bakinka) na Danube River a kan iyakar Romania da kuma Serbia.

Ina Balkan Mountains, shi ne nan da nan bayyana daga sunan da dutsen tsarin - cewa shi ya ba da sunan ga dukan sashin a kan wanda aka located. Cikakken tsarawa: 43,2482 N, 25,0069 Gabas. A total tsawon na dutse range - 555 km. Balkan Mountains tsawo ba ya wuce mita 2.376 - wannan yana da iyaka iyakar dutse mai tsayi Botev.

Halaye na Stara Planina dutsen kewayon

Balkan Range kafa a Cainozoic epoch, yana da bayãnin hukuncin halaye:

• Sashen halaye: da Balkan Mountains - suna layi daya da juna tare da saman idan m ridges. Abun da ke ciki shi ne kamar haka: Precambrian da Paleozoic granites da schists da Mesozoic conglomerates, flysch, sandstone, farar ƙasa, kuma karst.
• Description taimako: arewacin rabin na m gangara da aka gabatar, wanda zama kusa da tsaunukan Lower Danube a fili. Kudancin ridges, a maimakon haka, wani m da precipitous.
• Yanayin halaye: duwãtsu zama a matsayin irin bango-klimatorazdelom tsakanin arewaci da kuma kudancin yankunan Bulgaria. Su combs tattara zuwa 800-1000 mm na ruwan sama a shekara. 'yan watanni na shekara kololuwa karya karkashin dusar ƙanƙara iyakoki.
• Hydrography: a cikin Balkan Mountains, za ka iya samun asalin wannan kõguna a matsayin Ogosta, Vit, Absalom, Osam, Timok - Saboda haka su gado shugabannin arewa zuwa Danube. A gabas Stara Planina crosses Kamchia River kwarin, da kuma a yamma - da Iskar River.
• Flora: The kawunan duwatsu - wannan dutse kwaruruka, fadamun. Halin da gumi arewacin gangara - a coniferous (Pine gandun daji) ko Beech, itacen oak, hornbeam gandun daji, tanã fita zuwa 1700-1800 m gabacin Balkan duwãtsu aka rufe da lokacin farin ciki bargo na deciduous gandun daji, Evergreen understory daban-daban, da cibiyar sadarwa na inabõbi ..
• Hakar ma'adanai: kwal da kuma lignite. da baƙin ƙarfe, da jan karfe, gubar da tutiya ores.

Tarihi da kuma Present

Domin da farko lokacin da Bulgarian-Serbian sunan Stara Planina dutsen iyaka da aka rubuta a 1533. A arewacin gangara na Balkan Mountains, da yawon bude ido na iya samun mai yawa Monuments na zuwa lokaci na Bulgarian National Liberation Movement. Yana Highlights Freedom Monument. Duwãtsu kuma sun samu su tsara wani yawan gidajen lama - Kremikovsky, Sokolsky da sauransu.

A ma'adinai marẽmari daga duwãtsu a kan Balkan Larabawa zama tushen wani yawan sanannun dutsen mura - Ribaritsa, Varshets, Teteven, da dai sauransu Babu kasa rare da Steneto National Park da kuma na wasan kwaikwayo dutsen wuce :. Shipka, Petrohan, Virbishsky, Chureksky, Jamhuriyar Wuce kuma gefen kwarin kogin Iskar.

Yammacin Stara Planina ne mai arziki a cikin karst, yin wadannan wurare trekkers neman a ji dadin mai ban mamaki karst kogwanni: Rabisha (za ka iya saduwa da kuma dadadden dutse zanen), Ledenika, SYEVA-dupka da sauransu.

Dutsen Botev

A tsororuwar Balkan Mountains Yumrukchalom asali kira (a translation - dunkulallen hannu-dutsen). Shekaru hudu (1942-1946) an kira saman Ferdinand girmama na sarki, wanda ya tashi zuwa ta koli. Sa'an nan kuma for shekaru hudu ya kasance dunkulallen hannu-dutsen, yayin da a 1950 bai saya ta ba sunan - surname na Hristo Botev, juyin juya halin Musulunci mawãƙi da kuma Bulgaria.

Located a saman Botev talabijin, rediyo tashar, wanda sakonni rufe 65% na yankunan da Bulgarian jihar da kuma yanayin tashar, wanda a lokacin yakin duniya na II aka kama da Nazis, kuma ya yi aiki sabõda dalilai. Yau, a karshe yawon bude ido za su iya shakata da kuma boye daga weather, ci. A ganuwar ta matafiya hašawa plaques game da su hawa.

Areas Balkan Mountains

A bisa ga al'ada, akwai uku gundumar Stara Planina:

• Gabas. Shi ne kashi mai lebur, diverging cikin raba kakar, daya daga wanda yake shi ne na musamman na'ura Stara Planina. Its batu - shi ne Cape Emine, da gabashin batu na Balkan Mountains.
• Average. Highest, kyau da kuma rare yankin na Balkans, ware daga sauran biyu. Ya da iyaka Iron Gate (Vratnik) da kuma Zlatishsky wuce. A nan ne da vertices Botev Triglav Vejen, Sulemanu hatimi (Alec) Ambaritsa (Levski).
• West. Yana fãra daga cikin Serbian kan iyaka da kuma kara da Zlatishskogo izinin. Nan za ka iya sha'awan saman Midžor.

Duwatsu na Balkan Larabawa

Bugu da kari a cikin tsofaffin duwatsu a kan sashin suna da wadannan dutsen jeri:

• Dinaric Alps - yammacin yankuna (Montenegro, Croatia, Bosnia da Herzegovina).
• Pindos dutsen jeri - kawai kudu na baya (Macedonia, Albania, Girka).
• Rila dutsen - arewa (Bulgaria), shi ya shafi su tsororuwar da Balkan Larabawa - 2925 mita ganiya Musala.
• Rhodope Mountains, kudancin iyaka da Aegean Sea.
• Pirin - dutsen jeri na mai tsayi irin.

Saboda haka, Stara Planina - ba kawai dutsen tsarin na Balkan Larabawa. Amma shi ne ta ke ba da sunan karshen, shi ne ta ke da babban tasiri a kan sauyin yanayi a Bulgaria.