Zoological Museum of Moscow Jami'ar Jihar. Zoological Museum of Moscow Jami'ar Jihar a kan Nikitskaya: balaguro din, farashin, reviews

Lokacin da Rasha Academy of Sciences Zoological Museum akwai, wanda shi ne mafi girma a cikin kasar da kuma shagaltar da yankuna, da kuma girma na kudi. Na biyu wuri da tabbaci riko da irin wannan ma'aikata a MSU. Zoological Museum a kan Nikitskaya yana daga cikin goma most a duniya cibiyoyin kama profile.

Famous patrons Rasha

A tarihin na halitta ne. A 1802, gwamnati ta} addamar da wani roko ga gudummawa ya sami ilimi. Daga cikin na farko ya zo a gaba wani halittu, masanin kimiyya da shuni Pavel Grigorevich Demidov (1739-1821), zuriyar daga cikin shahararrun daular. ya sadaukarwa aiki ne sosai m - a kansa kudi a 1803, da ya bude makarantar Higher Sciences, wanda ta haifa masa suna har 1919. Sa'an nan, ya sanya da kudi a cikin adadin 100 000 rubles, wani m library da kuma tattara a lokacin tafiyarka a duniya na halitta kimiyya tarin nan gaba na Moscow Jami'ar Jihar. Zoological Museum bayyana saboda wadannan abubuwan taimako. Bugu da kari, a 1805, PG Demidov aika Moscow University Mintz hukuma, wanda gidaje a arziki tarin (dama dubu), tsabar kudi da kuma lambar yabo. Wadannan taskõki da baya sanya asali asusun kafa a baya a 1791, "a majalisar ministocin da na halitta tarihi."

sana'a m

A 1755, daga al'amarin Empress Elizabeth kafa na mallaka University of Moscow - Moscow Jami'ar Jihar. A Zoological Museum ne shekaru 36 ƙaramin, cewa bai hana shi zuwa a yi la'akari daya daga cikin tsofaffin halitta kimiyya kungiyoyi. Ya kasance 215 years old. Bayan da "hukuma na halitta tarihi" wadãtar da yawa kokarin majiɓinci, P. G. Demidova, ya zama dole ga systematize su. Wannan alhakin aiki da aka neme suna da kafa (zarcewa wani kaya na kama ofishin a birnin Paris) Rasha halittu GI Fischer (full name - Grigory Ivanovich (Johann Gottgelf, Gotthelf) Fischer von Waldheim, shekaru na rayuwa - 1771-1853). Almajiri da kuma bin G. Cuvier, marubucin na rubutun "A numfashi dabbobi," G. I. Fisher sun ƙaryata da tayin na University of Jena, gayyace shi don tsara wa "majalisar na Natural History," ya kuma kasance a Moscow, MSU nan gaba. A Zoological Museum aka kafa ta, aikinsa.

sadaukarwa aiki

A cikin shekaru 1806-1807 ya fara kaya na duk tarin aka za'ayi, ciki har da tsabar kudi da kuma lambar yabo. Kamar yadda aka sani, a 1812, Moscow da aka kona. Wannan wuta kashe da yawa gine-gine, m tarin na Zoological Museum of nan gaba da aka kusan gaba daya hallaka. Kuma wani Bakan'ane na Rasha Grigory Ivanovich Fisher, wanda a lokacin da wuta iya har yanzu ajiye wasu conchological (bawo da Shellfish) tarin, fara mayar "hukuma", wucewa da shi naka collections, collections da library. Sa'an nan, ta amfani sirri dalĩli da shahararsa a cikin kimiyya al'umma, Labarai naturalists da hannunsu na zaman tarurruka don taimaka a da maimaitawa na gidan kayan gargajiya na marigayin, Tarurrukan wanda shi yiwuwa a ce tuni a 1814. Na biyu kaya yi G. I. Fisherom, aka kammala a 1822, da kuma ta gudanar da binciken da aka buga. Lokaci guda tare da Zoological tarin aka kasaftawa amfaninsa kudi, da kuma sabon gidan kayan gargajiya a jami'a da aka kafa ne kawai a kan ta da asali. By 1830, godiya ga sadaukarwa aiki na G. I. Fishera, yawan farfado har zuwa miliyan 25 raka'a.

da zama dole reorganization

Wadannan inganta aka za'ayi riga a 1860. Sa'an nan dukan gidan kayan gargajiya da aka raba horo, bincike da lãbãri. Ga baƙi zuwa Zoological Museum of Moscow Jami'ar Jihar. University bude a 1866. Hakika, a duk shekaru da ta zama ta ci gaba cikin sauri, kuma ta hanyar karshen karni cikin dakin ajiye saboda shi, suka zama ma kananan. Kuma haka a cikin shekaru 1989-1902 don gidan kayan gargajiya da aka gina wani sabon uku-storey gini na wani musamman ilimi aikin, a hereditary m K. M. Bykovskogo, a wancan lokaci - manyan m na Moscow University. Su aka gina ta da jami'a gidaje a cikin Virgin ta Field. Nikitskaya amma kyakkyawan gini na Zoological Museum, K. M. Bykovskim aka gina a library, kuma da dama ikon tunani na jiki.

Beautiful gini, sanya a classic style, dake a cikin zuciya na babban birnin kasar. Mafi kusa Metro tashar - "Library su. Lenin "da" Okhotny Ryad ". Yana koma da gidan kayan gargajiya na tsohon gini a kan Moss. Bayan motsi zuwa jama'a gidan kayan gargajiya ta zama ba fãce a cikin 1911.

Soviet gyaranta

A 1930, da Zoological Museum of Moscow Jami'ar Jihar a Moscow da aka bai da Faculty of Biology. A manyan reorganization ya faru a cikin 90s na karshe karni. Bayan duk ordeals da gidan kayan gargajiya yakan mallaki wani m matsayi. Don kwanan wata, bincike mai kudi isa da dama miliyan raka'a. An ziyarci da 150,000 mutane a shekara, yawan tafiye-tafiye da za'ayi a daidai wannan lokacin 1700. A adadi ya kai yadu samuwa akwai more mai ladabi da kuma m bayani a kan kowane irin kimiyya collections. Uku da-sanye take Viewing dakin bai wa baƙi - biyu a kan ta farko bene, daya (Kashi Hall) - a kan na biyu. All collections an gina a kan takamaiman dangantaka, daga cikin sauki zuwa vertabrate.

tsanani bincike

Research Zoological Museum MSU gudanar da tsanani aikin - nazarin da shirya ilmi game da dabbobi a general, game da halin yanzu musamman. Saboda haka, daga data kasance miliyan 10 farfado ne kawai 8, da suka hada da wakilan na musamman fauna na duniya, misali, da most da heaviest irin ƙwaro Jãlũta da daruruwan sauran musamman guda. Ba mamaki, da Muscovites fara zuwa ziyarci gidan kayan gargajiya a wata sosai matasa shekaru - a nan ya zo da wani shekara guda haihuwa yaro da kuma sun gamsu da yawon shakatawa. Zoological Museum of Moscow Jami'ar Jihar, reviews na wanda mafi daga cikin mafi kyau, da gaske da kyau, rike taki tare da sau, samar da duk "kwakwalwan kwamfuta" da za su iya jawo hankalin da tilasta mafi girma zai yiwu yawan baƙi. Kuma Yanã shiryar da shi ma'aikata mutane ne m. Amma ko da yaushe a lokacin da ka ziyarci wani gidan kayan gargajiya a duniya akwai mutanen da suka yi imani da cewa, da Ya shiryar da magana da taushi, da kuma farfado an rufe tare da kura. A hoto ya nuna cewa shi ne, ba.

Tikitin farashin, reviews, ban sha'awa facts

Tabbatar da m kuma high-matakin collections, ziyarci gidan kayan gargajiya. tikitin farashin - kawai $ 100 ga yaro kamar yadda wani ɓangare na wani rangadi kungiyar, akwai a kalla mutane 20. Domin ya fara tasawa da yawon shakatawa da sabis - 250 rubles, ba tare da wani yawon shakatawa - 200. Akwai m tsarin na amfanin, free rana for musamman Categories 'yan ƙasa da kuma free dare na shekara. Da ban sha'awa sosai ambata nune-nunen. Wasu baƙi saya tikitoci a gaba aka biya kafin lokaci. Ya zauna don ƙara 'yan ban sha'awa facts - wani lokaci a cikin Apartment Farfesa A. N. Severtseva, dake a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya ginin, wanda shi ne ya kafa juyin ilimin halittar jiki na dabbobi rayu Marina Tsvetaeva. Kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai samfur na gwarzo "Fatal qwai" M. A. Bulgakova.