Bem Elizaveta: biography da kuma hoto

Good iyawa cewa kwashe haske da kuma farin ciki na manya da yara, da Elizaveta Merkurevna Bem (1843 - 1914).

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

Bem Elizaveta aka haife shi a St. Petersburg a wani iyali na baƙi daga haihuwa Tatar iyali Endaurovyh suka yi switched zuwa sabis Rasha tsars a cikin XV karni. Tare da biyar zuwa shekaru goma sha huɗu ta zauna a mahaifinta Estate a cikin Yaroslavl lardin. Har zuwa karshen rayuwarsa Bem Elizaveta ƙaunar da yankunan karkara rayuwa da kuma yankunan karkara yara. Sun kasance akai tushen wahayi, a cikin lokacin da Elizabeth Merkuryevna ya zama ya fara tasawa. A halin yanzu, da yarinya bai bari tafi da fensir da kuma zana a kan wani yanki na takarda cewa da dama a karkashin ta hannu. Saba shawarci iyayen ta ba da yarinya don koyi ma'adanin na entrained. A iyaye, a lokacin da 'yata da aka 14, gano ta a makaranta ya inganta artists. Ta malamai sun fice mutane - Chistyakov, Kramskoy, A. Beydman. Bem Elizaveta gama makaranta a shekaru 21 a 1864 tare da wani ya samu lambar zinariya.

aure

Bayan shekaru uku, Liza Endaurova auri Ludwig Frantsevich Bem. Ya ya girmi shekaru 16, amma shi ne mai tsananin kyau domin ta eccentricity. Yana da aka makadi-violin, wanda sa'an nan tsunduma a cikin koyarwa a St. Petersburg kide. Su gidan ne ko da yaushe da music aka wasa, kuma ba kawai da goge. Piano shi ma fi so kayan aiki. Aure, wanda ya shiga Bem Elizaveta, yana farin ciki. Ta haifi da dama yara. The iyali ya rayu a kan Vasilevsky Island, daga baya, a lokacin da yara girma da kuma fara rayuwa dabam, ta wata hanya, tare da ko ba tare da dukan iyalin tare da jikoki, schoolboys taru a marabtar m gida kaka Elizabeth Merkuryevna, da kuma sake fabulously busa Stradivarius goge cewa da zarar mallakar Beethoven, da kuma wanda a yanzu ke taka Ludwig Frantsevich. Ya fitar da ita tare da shi daga Vienna.

silhouettes

A XVII karni samo asali craze yanke da almakashi daga folded takardar takardar silhouettes da hotuna kwane-kwane images profiles. A cikin XVIII karni shi ne kawai da takaicinku. Mutanen suka zauna a cikin maraice da kuma dukan iyalan yanke fiye ko žasa da hadaddun image. Yana iya zama sailing, yanã tafiya da gaggãwa dawakai, ko da wani hoto na wani mutum a cikin wani cikakken tsawon tare da hula da kuma kara. Domin wannan aka yi amfani a matsayin baki da fari da kuma canza launin takarda. Ya kasance m daga gare shi, da kuma Hans Kirista Andersen. Masu sana'a ne a cikin wannan lovely darasi cewa masterfully mallakar almakashi. A cikin XIX karni a kan matakin high art ya dauke Bem Elizaveta. Tun 1875 ta fara yin silhouette image a cikin dabara na lithography. A da shi musamman tawada goge dutse surface ne amfani a hankali kõma juna tare da m bayani (curly hairs yara, da gashinsa da tsuntsaye kruzhevtsa a kan 'yar tsana da riguna, da dabara ciyawa, petals na furanni), sa'an nan etched shi acid, sakamakon bayan da aikace-aikace na Paint kuma bugu faru kananan mamaki . Saboda haka rikitarwa hanyar yin Elizaveta Bem silhouettes. Yanzu za su iya a akai-akai buga ga dukan wurare dabam dabam na littattafai. Da farko ya zo da "silhouettes" cards. Ya fito da album "silhouettes da yara" a cikin shekaru biyu. Babu kasa da biyar albums aka buga daga baya. Su yi amfani da wani mahaukaci shahararsa. Sun buga ba kawai a Rasha, amma kuma kasashen waje, musamman ma a cikin Paris. Ta magoya sun Leo Tolstoy da Ilya Repin.

zanuka

Bem Elizaveta misalta yara mujallu "igrushechki" da kuma Malyutochka tun 1882 ". Daga baya - a hikaya "The turnip" Krylov ta tatsuniya da "Notes na wani Hunter" by Ivan Turgenev, Chekhov, Nekrasov, Nikolai Leskov. Kuma a ko'ina zo zuwa ga nasara. M zargi V. V. Stasov yi magana da farincikin game da ita aiki. Ta silhouettes typed dukan Turai. Daya bayan da wasu daga ta buga a Berlin, Paris, London, Vienna da ma kasashen waje. Ko a lokacin da ya raunana gani (1896) da kuma artist bar silhouette dabara, ta wata hanya, yana aiki su shiga a duniya nune-nunen, samun lambar yabo. Saboda haka, a shekarar 1906 da artist aka bayar da lambar zinariya a Milan.

ABC

A zamaninmu, shi ba zai yiwu ba domin sanin daidai lokacin da farko edition na "ABC". A fili, wannan ya faru a kusa da ƙarshen 80s. Wannan na ƙwarai aiki da kuma kusantar da yaro, ya sa shi ya duba a cikin m zane, a lokaci guda haddacen haruffa. Domin harafin "Buki" baqaqen, fentin a cikin nau'i na maciji, wanda suka kama ta wutsiya. A hoto na nuna wani matashi bafadan. Na yi nishadi da rubutu, wanda aka tare da m zane-zane a kan kowane shafi. Haruffa da aka yi a cikin style daga waɗanda baqaqen, wanda sanya dada patterned launin rubuta XIV - XVI ƙarni. Alal misali, wata wasika fi'ili. Yana nuna wani mai kananan psaltery player, wanda yana zaune a kan wani benci, a cikin gidan da kuma cewa faxin. Tare da soyayya ga matasa dalibai sanya zane da Elizaveta Bem. "ABC" kawai janyo hankalin kuma ba ya bari duk wani iyaye suke koyar da su jariri ko yaro wanda a hankali ya bincika kowane hoto don jin abin da iyãye biyu karanta masa. Wannan "ABC" da aka sake buga shi a cikin nau'i na kyauta bugu, da kuma a cikin karni na XXI da masana'anta da kuma fata ta rufe da tagulla clasps. Kuma a cikin tsakiyar karni XX da haruffa Aka sake buga shi a New York.

Cards ga Holidays

Wannan shi ne na musamman line a cikin aikinsa. Open haruffa, wanda kusantar da Elizaveta Bem, da artist ya iya yin m da kuma tunawa. A da hutu cards, wanda mutane da aka aiko a kan Kirsimeti ko Easter. Captions yi artist kanta, da nuna babban dabara. The texts hada da abubuwa na Easter waka, kazalika da ambato daga Rasha kasida, da kuma fi so artist, karin magana, da faxin. Cards bayyana a cikin farkon 1900s. Elizaveta Bem farko hadin guiwa da wallafe-wallafe sadarwar al'umma. Eugenia, kuma daga baya - a St. Petersburg tare da m Richard kuma NE Lapin a Paris. Open haruffa fita a manyan bugu da bukatunsu na lokacin - uku da ɗari kofe. Zai ze cewa akwai m yara da ake fentin qwai da farji Willow. Amma yaron da yarinyar ne don haka m cewa wannan m in launi hoto magana yawa zuciya.

Katunan gaisuwa ga kowace rana

Su ma son saye domin an nuna scenes daga Rasha rayuwa, cikakken wakoki, kawance da kuma zafi. Suka yi da artist sa hannu. Kuma leoyan na ta cards sun kauyen yara, wanda Elizabeth Merkuryevna gani a kowace bazara a lõkacin da ta je Estate kusa Yaroslavl. Waɗanda suke, misali, jayayya, buɗaɗɗiyar wasiƙa aka yi nufi, wanda ake kira ba ya zama fushi kuma kada ka kasance surly, da kuma yin zaman lafiya. Ga yara suna ado a lokaci kayayyaki, wanda ta tattara. A artist da babban tarin abubuwa na ado da kuma amfani da zane-zane. Saboda haka, unreliability na ta zargi ba zai yiwu ba. Ko da irin wannan "karamar haki" a matsayin katin zama aiki na gwaninta, wanda dogara ne a kan gaskiya. Saboda haka zaki otkrytochku suna "zuciya martani ne jira." Wadannan cards sun bi da hadisai na kasa da al'adu da kuma almara abubuwa hada.

yin jita-jita

Glass bazata da ta lura, in je wa ɗan'uwansa, Alexander a kan shuka domin samar da crystal, kuma wannan nagartaccen fasahar sha'awar Elizabeth Merkuryevna, kuma, kamar yadda ko da yaushe, ya zo nasarar da ta samu. Da fari dai, kallon tsohon, gargajiya Bratina, wasu kõfuna, kofuna, buckets, sai ta fara da nunawa. Sa'an nan riga kusata da zanen. Kuma wannan shi ne aikin da alaka da mai guba fluoride tururi. By etching gilashin artist sa a mask. Kuma nan da nan a wannan shekara, sai ta fara aikatawa gilashin kayan ado, a wani nuni a Chicago, ta samu wata lambar zinariya.

A 1896 ya dauki sanya ta ashirin da ranar tunawa da m aiki Elizavety Merkurevny. Duk masana karɓa masa. Barka da ya zo daga Lva Tolstogo, Ivan Aivazovsky, Repin, Stasov, Somov, I. Zabelin, A. Maikov.

A shekara ta 1904, Elizabeth Merkuryevna zama bazawara, amma har yanzu ba zai iya kwatanta rayuwa ba tare da kerawa. Kuma a shekara ta 1914, a kan Hauwa'u na yakin duniya na II, ta mutu. A Soviet sau, ta ayyukansu ba a da'awa, suka yi kokarin manta. Babu kisa da gaskiya art, wanda Ya halitta Elizaveta Bem. Biography shi ya ci gaba da farin ciki. Ta ayyuka ne da rai kuma faranta mata Raya Makon da kuma yanzu a lõkacin da ta kasance a shekara ɗari ta bayan mutuwarta.