Bird Dipper: description da kuma hotuna

Dipper Bird yana da dama kowa sunaye. Masana kimiyya kira shi a Latin, Cinclus cinclus. Wannan wakilin passerine tare da babban amfani ga karatu da kuma bayyana, saboda tsuntsu ne sosai m hanyarsa ta rayuwa. A mutane na tsuntsu kira, dangane da kama ga mafi kowa iri. Irin wannan salon magana sunayen biyu - ruwa thrush da sparrow ruwa.

Description of jinsunan

Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, da Dipper ne talakawa wakilin yawa passerine. A cikin duka, wannan detachment na game da 5.400 jinsunan tsuntsaye da kananan matsakaici-sized. Duk da daya daga cikin rare sunayen Dipper kasa thrush, shi ne mafi cancanta a size ga starlings. Kamar dukan passerines tsuntsaye baki dipper yana da wani cere a tushe (abin da ake kira fata mai kauri a cikin abin da aka shirya da kafafen hancinsa).

tsuntsu akwati size of about 20 cm, nauyi iya canza a cikin 50-85, da wingspan na wannan tsuntsu game 25-30 cm. Ta na da sosai short wutsiya, stocky Bugu da kari kuma baki guga man a kan sãsanninku. Launi launin gashi dipper yana da halayyar fasali. A baya kuma fuka-fuki an rufe tare da duhu Brown alkalami. A cikin kirji da wuya, da kuma a nahiyar Asiya subspecies da ciki, farin shirtfront. Head da kuma tummy cakulan launi. Bird Dipper yana da wani ado a baya a cikin wani nau'i na convoluted scaly juna. Duk da haka, ana iya gani kawai kusa, m adadi ne ba m.

Maza da mãtã ne m, a bayyanar. A lokacin da kakar, su launi da aka ba su canja ba. Amma matasa tsaye a m launi. A baya na su launin toka-kasa-kasa, ya rufe tare da kintsattse scaly juna. White shirt-fronts hankali ya jũya launin toka a kan ciki. Su launin gashi kowa dipper sosai lokacin farin ciki, a lokacin da masu niyyar baftisma cikin ruwa, shi ba wetted.

Kamar yadda dipper waka

Ruwa sparrow ƙwala amma m sautuna. Sammaci singing a cikin ma'abota kakar ne kama da gurgling trill cike da koyaswa shẽwa. Kawai maza raira waƙa da farko song ji a cikin hunturu da kuma bazara dipper fara gina yi sheƙarsu. Pozyvka for olyapok ne kaifi staccato sauti kamar "Zita, Zita ...".

baza

Dipper - mazaunan duwatsu da kuma m wurare a yankuna daban-daban na Eurasia. Tsuntsu ne na kowa a Scandinavia da kuma Norway. An samu a Finland, a cikin Urals, a cikin kasashen na Asiya, da Carpathians, kazalika a cikin Caucasus da kuma a cikin arewaci da gabashin Iran.

Dipper sheƙarsu an sami arewa na Kola Larabawa. A cikin bayanin hadu sunan Imandra, Khibiny, Pinozero, Kandalaksha. Akwai suna nesting a Karelian-Finnish Jamhuriyar.

A cewar Soviet masana kimiyya Ushkova, Vorontsov, Kirikova, a tsakiya Urals da kuma Perm yankin dipper tsuntsu sheƙarsu a matsayin masu zama a gida jinsunan. A cewar Sushkina da Zarudny, kowa dipper yada a kan ƙasa na Bashkortostan da Caucasus zuwa kudancin kan iyakar.

hali Features

Mafi shahararren alama - ikon nutse. A gaskiya, shi ne kawai jinsunan passerine (wanda, kamar yadda ka tuna, fiye da 5400), wanda yana da irin wannan fasaha. Wannan m ikon ya janyo hankalin kowa dipper hankali.

hanyar rayuwa

Bird dipper da aka bayyana a sama ne a wasan kusa da na cikin ruwa mazaunin. Ta settles a kan bankunan na kõguna da m koguna da sauri igiyoyin da kuma ruwa mai tsabta. Rocky gaci bi tsuntsu rayuwa. Ga ta ci, gina sheƙarsu da rears da kajin. Dipper ba ji tsoron sanyi. Yana iya nutse a 20-30 digiri kasa sifili. Ruwa sparrow taba settles kusa tsaye ruwa. Son tsuntsu da kõguna da jinkirin daukar halin yanzu. Kuma Dipper bai gane narkakken ruwa. Duk wadannan bukatu suna da nasaba, da tsuntsu rayuwa.

Kamar tsuntsu obtains abinci

Wata kila ka biya da hankali ga gaskiyar cewa Dipper wanda hotuna za a iya samu a da littattafai, mujallu, mafi yawa tsaye ruwa ko a kusa da shi? Mafi m, da tsuntsu yana shirya abincin dare ko kawai gama cin abinci. Don koyon yadda za a forage Dipper, shi ne magana mafi. Yana da wani real show. A nan ne kawai m isa ganin sihiri da sakamako na 'yan. Dipper hattara da mutane.

Shopping Dipper kurme a cikin ruwa. Ta kama wani rafi, kuma ya bude da fuka-fuki a kan kaza mafarauci pinned saukar. Karkashin ruwa tsuntsu m gudu na kusan 20 mita. Ta tenaciously grabs kafafu na kasa da duwatsu da kuma dan kadan motsi fuka-fuki. Movement of reshe kwana da aka sarrafawa da kuma darajar da fuka-fuki. Wannan ba ka damar canza shugabanci da kuma su yi tsayayya da kwarara. Yana iya ze cewa dipper rawa a karkashin ruwa a wani azurfa kwat da wando. Wannan Tantancewar sakamako haifar da iska kumfa cewa tara a m plumage. Yawan kitsen, wanda ta saki man gland shine yake, lubricates gashinsa, ba kyale su don samun rigar. Wannan hidima a matsayin kyakkyawan kariya daga sanyi. Don fito fili, da tsuntsu folds da fuka-fuki, da ruwa Firaministan shi zuwa surface.

Shahararren Rasha marubuci, dabba fenta damban ne Vitaly Bianchi kira Dipper "hauka tsuntsu." Ya bayyana yadda ruwa sparrow kurme a cikin abinci mai ɗaci, gudanar tare da kasa da kuma fita zuwa cikin wani kankara-rami. Yau, farauta a cikin swirling kumfa ruwa rafting za a kira karkashin ruwa. A karkashin ruwa dipper iya Range daga game da 10 zuwa 50 seconds. Yana kurme zuwa zurfin game daya mita, amma lokaci-lokaci nutse zurfi - 1.5 m.

rabon abinci

Yanzu mun san yadda za a samu abinci dipper tsuntsu. Ya zauna a fahimci abin da ta ci. A rage cin abinci kunshi cikin ruwa kwari, larvae na caddis, kasa halittu masu rai iyo kwaro, wani lokaci ma soya.

Idan zai yiwu, tara da tsuntsaye ciyar a kan gabar teku duwatsu, kuma daga cikin tsiren ruwan teku.

sheƙarsu olyapok

Ruwa sparrows gina sheƙarsu kusa da ruwa. Sun sanya su a cikin kankara a bakin teku maharibai da crevices, a karkashin cliffs, a cikin tushen cavities, a karkashin gadoji ko a kan rassan bishiyoyi. The mace da namiji gidaje gina daga shuka kayan (gansakuka, ciyawa Tushen, algae da sauransu). A gida kama wani ba daidai ba ball ko amorphous tari na gansakuka. Ƙofar Haikalin ne daga gefe, ya ja daga da bututu. Ciki zuriyar dabbobi - bushe ganye, ciyawa ko ulu.

A cikin adabi da yawa sau ne mai bayanin sheƙarsu Dipper, shirya a karkashin wani waterfall. Amma cewa ba a samu a cikin yankuna. Ga tsuntsaye inhabiting cikin Urals, da Caucasus, da Carpathians da kuma Far East, shi ne sabon abu.

masonry

Dipper photo Ramin ka damar yi shi ne da wuya kamar yadda mai kyau disguises gidansa. The kama na iya zama 4-7 qwai. A qwai ne kananan, su tsawo ne ba fiye da 30 mm. A harsashi ne fari, ba tare da impurities na wasu launuka. Brooding kulla kawai mace. Zaune a kan masonry wajibi ne up to 17 kwana. A wannan lokaci, namiji tara abinci, amma wani lokacin da ta ke da mace kifi.

Kajin an rufe tare da dogon, duhu launin ruwan kasa fuzz. The baka rami da orange-rawaya, klyuvnye rollers - kodadde rawaya. A gida yara ba su fiye da 27 days. Sa'an nan matsawa zuwa "adult" rayuwa. A karo na farko da kajin ba su tashi. Suna lura da iyayensu saboda duwatsun, da koyi ga forage. Da zarar da kajin fara farautar da kansa, iyaye kau da su daga ciyar filaye. Bayan haka, ba za su iya jinkirta na biyu brood.

rai sake zagayowar

Sun dipper bar mahaifa gida kaka. Sun sami livable yankunan da bi zuwa ga rayuwa. Idan kogin a wannan lokaci ba a rufe ta kankara, da Dipper hunturu a m yankuna. In ba haka ba cikin hunturu tsuntsaye ƙaura zuwa ga polynyas azumi gudãna. Sashe na daga cikin tsuntsaye tashi domin hunturu. A cikin bazara, da yawa dipper baya ga tsohon gida, gyara su da kuma haifar da wata biyu. Wadannan tsuntsaye gida a cikin shekarar farko na rayuwa, ba za su iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 7.

kasa alama

Brisk kadan tsuntsu a Norway yana dauke kasa alama. Ta soyayya ga seeming sauki da kuma babban ƙarfin hali da kuma dexterity. Wannan yara ba su ji tsoron sanyi, lafiya da sa'a a kan su cradles lazimta tsafi reshe tare da Dipper. Norwegians yi imani da cewa wannan amulet kare jariri daga mugunta sojojin.