Caver - wanda shi ne wannan? A pothole? Me karatu caver?

Caver - wanda shi ne wannan? A irin wannan tambaya a cikin mutane da yawa ji sunan daya daga cikin mafi hatsari da kuma amfani fasahohin. The abu ne cewa, wannan ba ya fi na kowa aikin da wadannan kwararru ne ba sosai, don haka shi ne, ba yadu rare. Cavers - wani jarumi, yanayi masoya ba su saba wa zauna a gida kallon talabijin. Wadannan mutane ne kullum a kan hanya, suna da nasu ƙarfi da jijiyoyi, yin musu da hanyarsu zuwa cikin mafi m wurare a duniya, risking da rãyukansu.

Ma'anar aiki na speleologists ne don gano kogwanni, haddasawa da kuma sunadaran da su aukuwa. Wani irin aikin da alama wani ɓata lokaci ba, amma a gaskiya shi ne ba. Cavers - wannan aiki, samar da littattafai na nazari na masana tarihi, archaeologists, geologists da kuma sauran theorists.

Mene ne kimiyya na caving?

Speleology - wani reshe na binciken kasa da karatu da samuwar, juyin halitta, shekaru, da yanayin kasa, da ilimin halittar jiki na halitta abin da ke faruwa kogwanni. Wannan kimiyya yana da muhimmanci sosai, saboda shi damar domin karin cikakken nazarin ilmin halitta, tarihi, hydrology, ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi, da kuma binciken burbushin halittu. Speleology ma ya shafi nazarin hijirarsa na ruwan karkashin kasa, search kafofin geysers, na halitta gas, magma. Idan mafi yawan malamai tsunduma a gudanar da bincike kawai a kan takarda ko a sanye take dakunan gwaje-gwaje, da cavers ne kullum a tashin, tafiya a duniya.

Wane ne caver?

Daya sau da yawa jin tambaya: "speleologist - wanda shi ne wannan da me ya yi?" Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda wannan sana'a ne quite rare da ba rare. Kwararru irin wannan kwatance ana bayar infrequently Faculty of Geology. Amma duk da haka a tsakanin masu sana'a cavers saduwa da mutane tare da dacewa diploma, ko da yake mafi yawansu ba su lissafin kimiyya. Irin wannan kwararru ne domin amfanin da tattalin arziki da kuma kimiyya, taimaka a ci gaba da kuma ci gaba na wadannan yankunan.

Wakilai daga kimiyya caving ba zai iya zama a ga kwana a dakunan karatu, da babban ganima - An abu tattara a cikin expeditions. Ba su sa a gaba shawarwari, da kuma duba ga shaidar kimiyya shiriritar. Bayan duk, kawai amfanin gona ko dutse samfurori samu a kogwanni, zai iya shanyewa ko tabbatar da gaskiyar a ka'idar ƙirƙira da sharhi.

Wa anda suke so su bada kansu ga wannan kimiyya, yana da muhimmanci mu san abin da caver, saboda wannan sana'a na bukatar wasu fasaha. A gwani dole ne ta zama mai karfi da jiki da kuma tunani, saboda aikin da yake sau da yawa zama dole a high-hadarin yanayi. Speleologists m zama matsananci 'yan wasa, m ga kasada. Wannan sana'a ne ba a yi nufin zuwa ta'aziyya da bisa al'ada aiki rana, da kuma balaguro kanta iya wuce watanni da dama, don haka masana dole ne a shirya na dogon tafiya.

kaya caver

Saboda haka abin da caver, presupposes ba kawai wasu dabarun, amma kuma kayan aiki. Da fari dai, wajibi ne a saya da dama tufafi. A mafi yawan dace hanyar mutane za su ji a overalls, da kayan dole ne ba da damar iska, ci gaba da dumi, kare daga danshi, ba sa allergies ko hangula. Safety tsarin ya kamata a tsara ga kowane mamba daga cikin balaguro da dukan tawagar a general.

Kogon bincike - shi ne aikin a cikin duhu, da kuma haka ya kamata a sami wani ingancin tocila da kayayyakin da batura da kwararan fitila. Kana bukatar kuma mai hur igiya, kogon explorers daya daga cikin baki ne a haɗe kusa da ƙofar, da unraveling da nada a matsayin shi motsa, don haka yana da sauki a samu hanyar da ba don samun ɓace a cikin labyrinth na m sassa. Saboda haka abin da caver, kuma ya shafi m descents da ascents, wani lokacin aras bango, don haka da kaya yana zama da karfi da kuma dogon igiya. Domin nazarin ma bukatar takarda, fensir, kamfas da kuma taswirar. Hakika, kana bukatar ka kula da tsaro fasali.

caving

Speleology - shi ne ba wai kawai wata zama dole da kuma tsanani kimiyya, amma kuma wani sosai m kwarewa ga mutane tare da wani aiki salon. Yau Caving ne sosai shahara tsakanin mutane da suke so su gano da kogwanni, dubi cikin karkashin kasa koguna da tabkuna, kogwanni, a tsaye rijiyoyin, kazalika da fahimtar abin da ke sa a caver. A gwani ne bincike ayyuka, ya na jan gindi a cikin wani kogo, don samun kwatance cire halitta ma'adanai sa wasu tarihi da kuma archaeological Finds.

Caver aiki a m yanayin bukata jiki ƙarfi, fasaha, da kamunkai, da kuma resourcefulness sauri halayen. Caving, ba shakka, bai dace da rauni da kuma marasa lafiya, amma kuma ba ya bukatar kwararren basira da kuma zanen, da yawon bude ido tafi, tare da wani gwani a cikin rijiya-karatu hanyoyin da kawai kalla kewaye kyakkyawa. A wannan yanayin, mutum rai ne ba cikin hadari.

Features speleoturizma

"Speleologist - wanda shi ne wannan?" - don haka sau da yawa tambayi matasa farko ji sunan wannan hatsari, amma sosai ban sha'awa sana'a. Ba kawai professionals amma kuma yan koyo iya samun matsahi na saba da Masterpieces halitta da yanayi da kanta. A saboda wannan dalili akwai wannan irin nisha kamar yadda caving. Wannan Trend yana da wasu siffofin da ya kamata ka yi la'akari da dukkan mahalarta na balaguro:

• Kogon ne duhu, saboda haka kana bukatar ka Stock sama a kan kafofin na wucin gadi lighting.
• Daga cikin ƙasa shi ya dogara da wuya daga cikin hanya, a kan hanyar da za a iya saduwa da kunkuntar tsaguwa, zurfin rijiyoyin, karkashin kasa tabkuna ko koguna.
• A lokacin balaguro akwai wani babban mataki na cin gashin.
• A kogwanni low zafin jiki da kuma high zafi.

Beauty, idanu bude cavers

Caver - mai sana'a cewa ya buɗe unprecedented kyau na cikin karkashin kasa duniya. Ruwa shekara bayan shekara da ƙarni kullum halicci musamman Masterpieces. Wasu kogwanni, musamman da haihuwa wadanda, da wata babbar zurfin don samun a cikin dakin, kwararru dole matsi ta hanyar kunkuntar slits don samun hanyar da manholes, kũtsa a cikin ruwan sanyi rijiyoyin. Amma abin da ya gani da daraja duk da wannan, saboda wani lokaci akwai galleries, da kyau na da ba za a iya kwatanta da wani daya fādar sarki.

kogwanni da ilimi bai tsaya a nan, saukad da na ruwa wucewa ta hanyar da ciki na duniya, condenses a kan garun narkar da ma'adanai don samar da mafita daga wanda lu'ulu'u ne to, yanke. Helictites, stalagmites, stalactites, corallites shafi ta kyakkyawa da girma, ba don wani shekara ko shekaru goma, da kuma a kan millennia, girma bit ta bit. Bayan ziyarci akalla sau daya a cikin kogo, za ka fahimci abin da mutane suke yi caver sana'a - wadannan jarumi gano boye duniya.

speleotherapy

Kogwanni ban sha'awa ba kawai ga masana kimiyya da kuma yawon bude ido, amma kuma marasa lafiya, saboda su musamman microclimate iya yi wa. Speleotherapy ya lokaci mai tsawo, ta tarihi da ke da baya a kan 2500 shekaru. Yana shafi dogon lokaci zaman na mutum a cikin microclimate na gishiri mahakar, karst kogwanni. Amfani domin lura da karkashin kasa da thermal marẽmari, kamar yadda suke da halin radioactivity. Gaskiyar cewa nazarin caver, shi ne domin amfanin ba kawai na kimiyya, amma kuma magani. Miliyoyin mutane a fadin duniya dawo dasu daga numfashi cututtuka, ƙarfafa tsarin na rigakafi, da inganta kiwon lafiya. Halitta kogo - yana da daya daga cikin mafi kyau yanayin mura.

Abin da ya aikata oceanographer

Caver - wani mutum wanda ya ke karanta karkashin kasa da duniya, amma wanda yake da oceanographer? Riga daga sunan a fili yake cewa da ikon yinsa, na da ayyukan da suka shafi teku. Wadannan kwararru saka idanu da jihar na shiryayye da kuma kasa, da nazari, da wakilan na karkashin ruwa Flora da fauna, watch da matakai da ke faruwa a zurfin ruwa. Materials samu ta hanyar oceanographers, ana amfani da ko'ina a na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa injiniya, kiwon kifi, ilmin halitta. Theorists yin tsinkaya, amma ayyuka ne real facts cewa ba da damar zuwa wajen inganta dabarun ceton wakilan karkashin ruwa fauna.

Abin da unites oceanographer da caver?

Oceanographer, caver - wanda shi ne wannan, da kuma abin da suke aikatãwa? Uninformed mutane zai iya ze cewa wannan shi ne kaucewa m aiki, kamar sha'awa, samar da ban sha'awa abin shagala kawai ko da wani shirin gaskiya fim a karkashin ruwa ko a cikin kogwanni. A gaskiya, shi yana aiki a matsayin speleologists, kuma oceanographers, da ake amfani a da yawa rassan kimiyya. Godiya ga kwararru bude sabon facts daga baya, ze yanzu mafi bayyana, sanya sahihanci a idanun kintace for nan gaba. Oceanographer da wani caver - a ekstremaly fondness ga m Kasadar da hadarin.