Buinichi filin - tunawa hadaddun. A tsaro na Mogilev

Tarayyar Soviet, za mu iya ce, ya shiga yakin duniya na biyu, a saka shi mai laushi, unsuccessfully. Dannawa rundunar Jamus a zahiri share kasãla, talauci tsari juriya a cikin hanyar. Hudamah duka zo a cikin Byelorussian tarihi na Belarus fara cika ban tausayi shafukan daga farko kwanaki na yaki.

Tsoro shirya ritaya

Wanda ya yada da ra'ayin cewa Tarayyar Soviet da aka shirya kansa don kai farmaki Nazi Jamus. A wasu da'ira, shi ya sa a wasu shakka: bayan duk, bayan da furucin da yaki, da Red Army tabbatar da wani sosai rauni fama iyawa. Wannan ake ce, idan wani mako bayan barkewar fada da makiya ya riga ya dauka Minsk?

A yanayi na kama da babban birnin kasar na jumhuriya ba ya girmama Soviet dabarun: na wani dan gajeren lokaci aka kewaye, da kuma 23 ƙungiyoyin Yammacin Front sun ci. A fursuna juya 324.000 mutane, da kuma fiye da 300,000 aka kashe: tarihin Belarus, yau, iyalinsu sani a matsayin mai alfarma da gazawar.

Tursasawa tada morale

Stalin karɓa kira zuwa ga abin da ya faru a cikin halayyar hanya, ya ce a wani taron da Politburo na hasãra (ga sa katsalandan) Lenin ta gado ne. Kuma a kan Yuli 22 da shugaban Western Front, Pavlov da shida sauran janar-janar da hannu a cikin tsaro na babban birnin na Belarus, aka kuma kama da hukuncin kisa ga cin amanar kasa. Major General Kopec fi son ba wa jira makawa m rabo da kuma harbe kansa bayan koyo game da asarar jawo wa kansu da jirgin sama a ranar farko na yaki.

Irin matakan bai taimake cikin hanyar. Bayan wani musamman m kashi Red Army da aka demoralized, shi ba zai iya samar da high quality-yan adawa. Fascists kusan seamlessly koma zuwa cikin kasar, renting Mogilev da jũna sananne.

Shirye domin kāriyar

Shirya domin kāriyar birnin da aka za'ayi feverishly. Yuli 5 janar Bakunin dauki umurnin 61 Corps, wanda aiki ya kare Mogilev. A wannan rana kuma, da rabo kungiyar soja dauki bangare a cikin yãƙi.

A birnin hari da aka kafa mutane ta mayakan. Yuli 10, da suka riga ya ƙidaya game da 12 da mutane dubu. Cikin 'yan kwanaki, da ya aikata wani babban aiki: haƙa anti-tanki tsanya, gina bunkers da kuma dugouts, dug fita a dukan tsarin na ramuka.

The rauni wadata shaida tunanin na kai tsaye mahalarta a cikin abubuwan da suka faru. Saboda haka, Voevodin kanar tuna cewa tara makamai mayakan wani rikitacciyar aiki. Soja warehouses, a fili, shi ne don haka crammed cewa sa kai raka'a ya je a kan yãƙi wuri da kuma tattara ganima (mafi yawa German) makamai.

Gẽfunanta mayakan tsare har ya yiwu, Titanic kokarin kare mahaifarsa: kāriyar Mogilev dade 23 kwana da kuma ƙare tare da shan kashi, amma abubuwan al'ajabi daga heroism da kare birnin, ba a banza. Kowane minti daya na matsananciyar adawa da Jamus taka leda: babban kasa samu wani jinkiri ga janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a.

mutane feat

M, a Mogilev Jamus ya fara Yuli 12, zabar da ya fi so dabara na "ticks". A gefen arewa na gari ya iya samu a kusa da mun gwada sauƙi: da 53rd dakaru Division, ya zo karkashin brunt, aka karya, da dangantakar da ta umurni da aka katse. Amma a cikin wasu shugabanci da Nazis samu wani m mamaki: a nan kwanto don su jaruntakar 172 Division karkashin umurnin na Manjo Janar Romanov.

A Buinichi filin (located kusa da kauyen na Buinichi) yaƙi dauki 388 th dakaru rajimanti Kanar Kutepov. Da shaidar wannan kwamandan ya zama almara. Yana da aka soja mutum, kamar yadda suka faɗa, daga Allah: a talented, m, m mutum wanda ba ji tsoro, ka dauki alhakin.

Munin yaƙi dade 14 hours, da asarar a garesu sun babban. Na 70 German tankuna watsi a kan wani nasara, Soviet sojojin gudanar ya hallaka 39 mambobi daga baya tuno abubuwan da manyan bindigogi goyon bayan ya kasa wadata, musamman game da harsasai - unsatisfactory (da kuma inda, idan ka riga a tsakiyar watan Yuli da shi da aka za'ayi kawai daga iska, sa'an nan a cikin 1941, shi mulki unchallenged Luftwaffe). Amma bari firebombs kuma kada ta kasance a yau da kullum da makami, da-sanye take sojojin, da dakunan da Nazis aka tilasta koma baya.

Kashegari, 13 Yuli, 3rd Armoured Division abokin sanya wani ƙoƙari na karya, ta hanyar zuwa birnin, amma kuma ya kasa. Wannan lokaci da yaƙi dade 10 hours. 172 Division har Yuli 22 ne aka gudanar Buinichi filin (Mogilev titi fada an riga an fara a lokacin).

Non-ceto Jamus awards

Da juriya na Soviet sojojin an m mamaki ga Jamusawa, wanda ya ji shi wajibi ne don ɓuya daga masoyi Führer ta da m gaskiya. A kudi ya ruwaito a lashe ta a cikin farkon watanni na wani gida nasara, kuma wannan ne dalilin da dama curiosities. Lokacin da Buinichi akwatin girgiza daga fashewar na bawo, kuma ko da sarrafawa da Mogilev Soviet sojojin, wani Jamus soja daraja, m taru a birni, suka yi ĩmãni, na dogon lokaci dauka, ya zo a mike zuwa gida hedkwatar Red Army.

A cikin wannan labarin a heap fascists wanda koro uku motoci kyauta "Ga kama Moscow" - Hitler da naciya yi imani da cewa wannan girma aukuwa kawai a kusa da kusurwar (iya zarge shi da irin wannan rauni sani). Non-delivery lambar yabo har yanzu wanzu, suka zama mãsu girman kai mai shi na Mogilev Regional Museum.

madawwami memory

Ya kamata a lura cewa filin da aka ba Buinichi akai-akai shaida yadda mutane kashe juna farincikin. Ko da a cikin 1595 akwai ya faru da wani mummunan yaƙi tsakanin baƙauye dakarun 'yan tawaye karkashin jagorancin Severin Nalivaiko da Duchy na Lithuania sojojin. Maharan da ba damar lashe (Na yi zalunci sojojin), amma gudanar ya tsere. A 1812, da Rasha, suka yi yaƙi a nan da Napoleon ta sojojin. A lokacin barkewar Buinichi filin sake yalwa da jini-soaked.

May 9, 1995 a wurin m yãƙi Soviet sojoji, ya bude da tunawa hadaddun, tsara da gine-ginen da Chalenko Baranovsky.

Memorial hadaddun

Yana mamaye fiye da 20 da gona wajen kadada da kuma fara ƙofar, ado m gidan kashe ahu. Daga shi, daya daga cikin hudu hanyoyi, za ka iya isa tsakiyar abun da ke ciki - ɗakin sujada, inda ragowar da matattu kare birnin. Sunayensu (wadanda cewa an san) ana sassaka a kan marmara slabs sanya tare ganuwar da dakin.

A hadaddun yana da kananan wucin gadi kandami, wanda ake ce da Lake na Tears. Yana da wani m haraji ga hawaye, da baƙin ciki daga iyaye mata, yara da suka kwashe yaki. Ba da nisa daga ɗakin sujada ne kuma gidan kayan gargajiya na soja da kayan aiki, wasu daga waxanda suke musamman farfado.

abin tunawa ga mawãƙi

Daya daga cikin hanyoyin haskakawa daga cibiyar da hadaddun, aka sadaukar domin Konstantin Simonov, marubucin yawa da suka shahara ayyukansu (musamman, da "Jira ni"). Sa'an nan hoisted da dutse tare da wani commemorative rubutu a kan Buinichi filin watsar da tokar da mawãƙi bayan mutuwarsa.

Simonov gaske halarta mafi zafi ya yi yãki, ya yi kusa da Mogilev Yuli 13-14 da kuma da kaina san Kanar Kutepov, shafi tunanin mutum da kuma sana'a inganci wanda aka nuna yabo sosai. A lokacin yakin, Simon aiki a matsayin wani yaki wakilinmu na "Izvestia", da kuma yakin Buinichi filin shi ne ya fara fama da kwarewa, warai etched a zuciyata.

A heroism na kare birnin sanya Konstantin Mikhailovich haka burge cewa ya ko da fussed game Mogilev shãwara da lakabi na gwarzo-gari, akai-akai ziyarci kuma ya gana da mahalarta a cikin abubuwan da suka faru.

"Eh, muna rayuwa ne, ba ya manta"

Lura Simonov "Hot Day" da aka buga a "Izvestia" a kan Yuli 20. Kafin faduwar Mogilev, kira ga manufar sirri A birnin zauna kwana takwas, amma da ƙarfin hali da wanda Soviet sojojin sun shagaltar da kare kan iyakoki, ya zama mai kyau kara kuzari ga ƙarfafa morale na Red Army. Mogilev daga baya ko ya kira da mahaifin Stalingrad da Buinichi filin ya zama wata alama ce ƙarfin hali ga duk, ta tsinke ba, da marmarin kare mahaifarsa daga abokan gaba.

Soja ba, da heroism na kare birnin, ma, kuwa ba a banza: da kokarin aiki a matsayin mai hana zuwa invaders, rasa muhimmanci da lokaci a nan, wanda ya a Premium ga bangarorin biyu.

A tunawa hadaddun "Buinichi filin" - ziyarci wurin. Belarusians, in general, da lãbãri zuwa ga labarun da tsananin kulawa: kula da Kabarin ga auku sojoji, ko located in m kauyuka, da nuna girmamawa ga heroism waɗanda suka yi hadaya da kansu saboda rayuwa na gaba.