Daniil Kharms: biography, aiki

1928. Leningrad House of Print agitated rigima magana matasa marubuta kiran kansu OBERIU. Sun karanta Littafin waqoqi rubuta maganar banza, sa absurdist "Elizabeth BAM", kuma zuwa top shi a duk faɗin duniya nuna wa hawa fim da mai alamar suna "Nama grinder". Cif tsakanin oberiutov ya Daniil Kharms, wanda biography ne batun wannan labarin.

farkon shekaru

A nan gaba mawãƙi aka haife Disamba 30, 1905. Propensity zuwa wallafe-wallafen aikin da aka wuce a kan genetically wa Daniyel, da mahaifinsa, da ke cikin rubutu da Chekhov da Tolstoy, aka sani ba kawai a cikin gwagwarmaya, amma kuma samfurori da alkalami, kuma uwarsa wata daraja ta haihuwa, da kuma shi ne mai lura da tsari. Brief biography Daniila Harmsa hada da Ambaton da kyau kwarai ilimi a Jamus makaranta na karfi. Bayan juyin juya halin Musulunci ya aka jera a cikin Birnin Leningrad, elektrotehnikum, inda da ya gabata tare da jumlar "matalauta kasancewa" rashin aiki a jama'a ayyuka. "

The asalin wallafe-wallafen aiki

Lokacin da Harms Daniil Ivanovich, wanda biography ne batun da yawa karatu, da kuma canza sunansa Yuvachev karshe suka gaskata da gwaninta kamar yadda wani marubuci? A farko amfani da laƙabin ya auku a farkon 1920s. Amsar zuwa sunayen "Harms" (da yawa bambance-bambancen karatu, daga gare su - Hharms, Haarms kuma babu inda grafted Karl Ivanovich) kokarin samun yawa yaruka. A mafi plausible kamata gane misalin da Turanci da kuma Faransanci. Idan na farko cuta - ne "cũta" a karo na biyu kalma tana nufin kamar fara'a, kyawawa.

A game da Harms ya rubuta na farko waqe. Kamar yadda wani guideline, shi ance Hlebnikova, ko kuma wajen da kusa sha'awar A. Tufanov. Daga bisani, "Order of zaumnik" replenish irin wannan talented mawãƙi kamar yadda Daniil Kharms. Tarihinsa sun nuna cewa a 1926 ya shiga cikin All-Rasha Union of Poets, inda ya aka fitar domin ba biya na gudunmawar.

Oberiu

A farkon rabin na 20s dole Kharms da Vvedensky saba da Druskin, wanda shi ne ya kafa na da'irar "Chinar". Daga bisani, akwai so, kuma Daniel, suka yanke shawarar su gama duka "leftist" marubuta a karkashin daya sunan, wanda kungiyar - Oberiu. Tsaya Wuri wannan hadaddun matsayin wani raguwa daga "Association of Real Art". Mene ne ban sha'awa, a cikin manifesto kungiyar, da aka buga a 1928, da makaranta "zaum" oberiuty ayyana mafi maƙiya a gare shi. Harms barranta daga halakar kalmomi, da saba wasan na maganar banza. Dalilin da kungiyar ya na duniya yanayi da kimanta duniya. Oberiuty nemi share abu daga cikin "wallafe-wallafen husks", don yin shi more real ji. Wannan ya shafi duka biyu don ta fili avant-garde gwajen (waqe "Tir da tarin kãfirai", "Na rera waka ..."), da kuma aiki da saka wani m hali.

Ya yi bayani game Harms kuma m sabon abu a cikin litattafan miniatures kamar "Blue Littafin Rubutu mai lamba 10", "Sonnet", "Tumbling Old mata." A cewar shi, da dabaru na art ya zama daban-daban daga yau da kullum. Kamar yadda wani misali Harms buga hali a lokacin da artist, saba wa dokokin na Anatomy, wasu Twisted ruwa na babban harafin, wanda, duk da haka, bai hana mu, da masu kallo, to sha'awan da kyau na halitta wanda aka nuna. Daniel da kuma halitta ban mamaki ayyukan (msl, tanã biyar "Elizabeth da Bam"), wanda sauƙi fit a cikin mahallin da sauran gwaje-gwajen da oberiutov.

Aiki ga yara

Ta yaya za a iya kara samun ci gaba da biography Daniila Harmsa? Ga yara, ya fara rubuta a karshen na 20s, hada hannu da wata yawan mujallu. Na yi aiki a can da kuma sauran mambobin Oberiu, amma, sabanin su, ya cũtar alhakin hali zuwa su a halin yanzu aiki, wanda ya zama nufin makoman kawai tushen samun kudin shiga. Mujallar buga kasidu, da mawãƙi wuyar warwarewa, ya buga littattafai da dama ( "The farko da na biyu", "Game" da sauransu. D.). Wasu daga cikin su da aka dakatar, ko kuma ba da shawarar for] akunan karatu, yayin da wasu da aka sosai kaunace a tsakanin matasa masu karatu.

Harms a 1930

Wannan lokaci da aka musamman wuya ga marubuta wanda ba ya so ya sanya da basira a kan na'ura. Daga cikin su shi ne Daniel Harms. Biography (tarihin kansa, maimakon) na lokaci kama a cikin bakin ciki Lines na waka "A cikin ziyarar da marubuci ta gida ...". Mawãƙi da mamaki da takaici tarar cewa abokansa jũya daga wanda yake a cikin ni'imar da marubuci. Harms farko kama ya faru a cikin watan Disamba 1931. Bisa ga ƙa'ida, da jumla game da ayyukan da mawãƙi a cikin filin na yara adabi, ko da yake na gaskiya dalilin da ya kama aka alaka da Oberiu. A fili, da Soviet gwamnati ba zai gafarta shi ga m, da ɗan scandalous antics cewa faye hali avant-garde art - ya fahimci cewa Daniil Kharms. Biography of mawãƙi a cikin 30-ies na daban-daban akida rikicin da m abu rashi. Duk da haka, da za a magance su taimake shi to matarsa ta biyu - Marina Malich, wanda ya zauna tare da mawãƙi zuwa karshen rayuwarsa.

mutuwa

The yaki ya fara. Harms hadu da ita defeatism da unwillingness su shiga a gare shi, wanda ya sa aka kama a karo na biyu. Don kauce wa hukuncin kisa, Harms ƙarya da hauka. Ya aka sanya a cikin wani asibitin masu tabin hankali, inda ya rasu a lokacin da masifu da suka faru na kewaye da Leningrad. Saboda haka ya kawo karshen aiki Daniil Kharms, biography, kuma m al'adunmu wanda shi ne yanzu na babba sha'awa.