Dmitrov, Cathedral na ɗauka: description, adireshin

Rasha ƙasar ne domin ta shahara yawa Monuments na tarihi, gine da kuma al'adu. Don samun Masana daya daga cikinsu, mu yanzu tafi zuwa tsohon Rasha garin Dmitrov. An located arewa na Moscow, a kan Dmitrovskoe karauka.

A birnin da aka kafa a shafin na wani Slavic yarjejeniya da Prince Yuri Dolgoruky a 1154. Yana samu da sunan da girmama na yarima ta dan Vsevolod (Big gurbi), wanda kuma yake a wurin baftisma da aka mai suna Dmitry.

Daga cikin tarihi na birnin

A cikin tsohon kwana (. XII c) waje Dmitrov fara m swamps da kuma zurfin gandun daji - sanya 'yan livable. A waɗannan kwanaki, birnin Dmitrov ya Arewa maso yamma outpost na sarauta na Vladimir-Suzdal. Da ya gudanar da wani muhimmin matsayi (da dabarun shirin), kamar yadda ya rufe a cikin hanyar Suzdal tare da waɗansu kõguna Dubna da Velay. Daga Dmitrov, a waterway ta hanyar Sister, Dubna, Yakhroma da za a iya kai a kan Upper Volga.

Accession zuwa Moscow

A farkon rabin na XIV karni, birnin da aka annexed zuwa Moscow, sai ta zama cikin dokar Moscow sarakuna. Na farko shi ne Prince Peter - ƙaramin ɗan Dmitry Donskoy. A cikin rabi na biyu na XIV karni, a tsakiyar jayayya tsakanin Basil skew da Dmitriem Shemyakoy da Prince of Moscow Vasily II da Dark, birnin akai-akai shige shi hannu da hannu. Last Prince of Dmitrov - Yuri, tsakiyar dan Ivan III. A 1556, Ivan Grozny ciniki Dmitrov birni Staritsa, mulki ta hanyar Prince Vladimir na Staritsa. Bayan kisa (1569) ya koma Moscow, Dmitrov karshe.

Wannan karamin gari ya sha nanata an hõre yankunan da mamayar Tatars, da kuma a 1372 ya aka kora Prince Mihail Tverskoy. Dmitrov Zenith kai a cikin XVI karni, a zamanin mulkin Prince Yuri Ivanovich.

Zato Cathedral (Dmitrov)

Cibiyar da Dmitrov Kremlin adorns majestic da kyau Haikali. Da farko duk gani zuwa a Dmitrov. Cathedral na ɗauka yanzu a yau, da aka gina a farkon na XVI karni, a lokacin da gwamnati da aka Prince Yuri Ivanovich - wa Vasily III. Duk da haka, masana tarihi ne ƙara yarda cewa a cikin XIV-XV ƙarni, a lokacin da Prince Peter Dmitrievich, akwai riga wani dutse coci. Evidence da wannan hujja a cikin ta farko wuri na fari dutse cellars, wanda aka samu a karkashin ginshiki na babban coci tsaye a yau.

gine-gine da siffofin

Bisa hadaddun da nagartaccen abun da ke ciki - wani biyar-domed tubali hudu-al'amudin Haikali a kan wani babban ginshiki. Cathedral siffofin suna externally faceted siffar apsides. Don dama na kudu portal, za ka iya ganin tiled zagaye Bas. Its diamita - kusan mita uku. Yana siffanta cafe Pobedonosets.

Masana sun yi imani da cewa Cathedral na ɗauka ne sosai reminiscent daga cikin Mala'iku da kuma ɗauka cewa Cathedral a birnin Moscow, wanda aka gina a lokaci guda.

Zato Cathedral aka yi wa ado da reliefs da fale-falen. A arewacin da kuma kudancin facades suna located Mai Tsarki Cross image. A portal a gefen kudu akwai wani sauƙi Georgiya Pobedonostsa.

Yau ba shi yiwuwa a ga asali bayyanar da babban coci, tun isa a Dmitrov. Cathedral na ɗauka a cikin dogon tarihi da aka gina sau da yawa. Wadannan ayyukan da aka za'ayi a cikin XVII-XIX ƙarni, ko da yake masana tarihi yi imani da cewa ba su canja asalin bayyanar da babban coci.

Biyu chapels da aka kara wa coci a XIX karni - arewa (1823) da m F. M. Shestakovym, da kuma kudu (1841). Wannan aikin da aka ɓullo da D. F. Borisov. A 1796 da haikalin da aka a haɗe zuwa uku-tiered kararrawa hasumiya, kashe a cikin gargajiya style. Author na aikin - M. Ya. Agafonov.

A 2001, a kudancin ƙofar Dmitrov Kremlin da wani abin tunawa Yuriyu Dolgorukomu sculptor VM Tserkovnikov. A shekara ta 2004, haikali ya da wani abin tunawa ga Cyril da Methodius. Yana da aka halitta da sculptor AI Rukavishnikov da m R. V. Narskogo.

Dmitrov: ɗauka cewa Cathedral bayan 1917

Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin, da haikalin da aka yi amfani da manufar da aka nufa domin kusan shekara goma sha bakwai. Duk da haka, a cikin 1932, shi ya sha wahala da rabo daga abin Rasha addini gine-gine - shi aka rufe. Duk da haka, domin ba a adana hatsi ko a gida kulob din. A nan, da gidan kayan gargajiya da aka located. Wannan al'amari bai tsaya ya dauki kashe ya tsakiyar thirties giciye. A watan Agusta 1941, rushe saman da kararrawa hasumiya.

Restoration of Haikalin ya fara a shekarar 1961 da kuma dade shekaru hudu. Aiki gudanar MOSNRPM, kai su E. R. Kunitskaya. A kararrawa hasumiya da aka mayar da, amma sai aka yanke shawarar cire kusurwa ganguna.

sabuntawa

A 2001 ta fara na karshe ranar da sabuntawa, wanda aka samu nasarar kammala a 2003. Wadannan ayyukan jagorancin V. Nesterenko, dauke da fitar shirya da m I. Yu. Korovina kuma A. V. Yaganova.

Sha'awa, da bauta a cikin Haikali, ya fara gudanar da wani a cikin daya daga cikin chapels more a shekarar 1991. A 2002 da gidan kayan gargajiya da aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga sabon gabatarwa, da coci mika wa Rasha Orthodox Church. Yana da aka sadaukar a tsakiyar 2003.

Yau, karamin sashi na cikin Haikali gabatarwa da ake amfani da matsayin gidan kayan gargajiya. Akwai Lahadi makaranta na da library.

A ciki ado

Duk wanda ya ziyarci Cathedral na ɗauka, imani da cewa shi ne kyakkyawan. Akwai biyar-tiered gilded sassaka iconostasis (XVII a.), Wadda ta musamman icons XV-XIX ƙarni. Daya daga cikin manyan kayan ado na babban coci da aka dauke su a sassaka bishop ta wurin, wanda aka hawa daga cikin bishop gidan Krutitsa a 1792. Daga cikin ta inuwõyi na ado zanen. Yana yana nufin farkon na XVIII karni. Babban girman kai na babban coci - da m fresco ayyukansu daga cikin mafi girma icon fenta dukan lokaci - Andrei Rublev. A cikin Haikali akwai wani alkuki-arkosoli a cikin abin da aka binne shi, mai daraja wakilan Vladimir al'umma da kuma shugabannin coci.

Wani relic na babban coci ne icon, wanda ya siffanta Dmitriy Solunsky. Kafin wannan ta sa a cikin wani karamin kauye coci. Wannan ya faru tsakanin 1646 da 1713 da shekaru. Ainihin ranar da aka ba kafa. Yana da aka rubuta a cikin biyu da rabi na XII karni, mai yiwuwa V. I. Antonovym, aka kawo a matsayin kyauta Vsevolod Big gurbi a Dmitrov a 1181. Yau wannan icon canjawa wuri zuwa lãbãri daga cikin Tretyakov Gallery. Cross (XIV karni), kiyaye a cikin coci har 1933, kuma, aka canjawa wuri zuwa "Tretyakov"

Janye amfani mai girma masana da kuma talakawa yawon bude ido frescoes (XIII c.). Yau za ka iya sha'awan da wani ɓaɓɓake daga wani babban abun da ke ciki "Last iyãma". Masana tarihi yi imani da cewa shi complied tare da zane-zane, gayyace Vsevolod daga m Girka.

Icon sadarwa. matron

Yau, kowa da kowa zai iya a wani m lokaci ko addini holidays ziyarci Dmitrov (ɗauka cewa Cathedral). A sauran kaya Matrona da icon da ta kama daga 8 zuwa 21 Oktoba 2015 sun kasance a cikin ɗauka cewa Cathedral. Wadannan kayayyakin tarihi da aka mika wa sujada na Kolomna da Lardi Krutitsa - Juvenal. Wannan taron ya haqiqa bi don parishioners. Gudanar da wani muhimmin sabis, kowa da kowa zai iya gani da icon na Albarka Matrona.

A ƙarshe, bari kowa wanda yake so ya ziyarci Cathedral na Dormition a Dmitrov, da adireshin da haikalin: Moscow yankin, Dmitrov, Historical yankin, 11.