External da ciki tsarin Amphioxus

Lancetshaped tutsar sulug - shi ke da wani dogon lokaci kira wannan m dabba. Yanzu masana kimiyya san daidai abin da m matakai na mafi m wakilin da irin Chordates. Bayyanar, da ciki tsarin Amphioxus da kuma siffofin da ta physiological matakai da za a tattauna a cikin labarin.

Tarihi na samu da kuma mazauninsu

Back a cikin 18th karni, sanannen Rasha matafiyi kuma masanin kimiyya Peter Simon Pallas samu a cikin Black Sea ruwa translucent kananan halitta. Outwardly, ya duba kamar mollusk. Bugu da ari, bincike da kuma tsarin Amphioxus nuna cewa wannan gabar ne daɗaɗɗe chordates. Daga shi fãra duk vertabrate.

Amphioxus a cikin yanayi za a iya samu a kasa na tekuna da kuma tekuna. Ya live binne a cikin yashi a zurfin 25 mita. The larvae na wannan dabba samu a plankton - da tara na shuke-shuke da dabbobi a farfajiya na ruwa. Idan yashi ne ma sako-sako da, Amphioxus Burrow cikin shi sosai warai, fallasa da waje kawai karamin sashi na ƙarshen gaban na jiki. Idan kasan surface aka hada da silt, sun kawai karya a kan surface. Amphioxus iya ko matsawa tsakanin barbashi rigar yashi.

Wadannan dabbobi fi son shirya mazauna, da yawan mutane da ya kai dubban mutane. Yin yanayi na hijira, tare da suka shawo kan nesa da dama kilomita.

External tsarin Amphioxus

A tsarin da Amphioxus, ko kuma wajen jiki siffar, m da sunan da. A bayyanar shi ne sosai kama da m kayan aiki. An kira a Lancet. A jikin dabba mĩƙe laterally. A ƙarshen gaban ne Tapered da kuma raya QFontDatabase yanke. A cikin ventral da dorsal gefen rufe form folds, wanda ci a cikin wani lanceolate wutsiya filafilin kifi a raya na jiki. Girma na wannan dabba ne kananan - har zuwa 8 cm.

abũbuwan rufi

Amphioxus waje tsarin - shi ne da farko a jiki murfin. Ya aka wakilta murfin zane - guda Layer na epithelium. Daga sama an rufe tare da wani bakin ciki Layer na cuticle. Kamar kifi, fata Kwayoyin samar da wani yawa na gamsai da yake rufe da dukan jiki. A karkashin cover masana'anta shi ne wani Layer na connective nama.

Kwarangwal kuma tsokoki

Avilable Amphioxus tsare da tsarin samar da goyon baya da kuma motsi. An shirya wajen m. Kwarangwal wakilta tsirkiya, wanda gudanar tare da dukan jiki daga ƙarshen gaban zuwa ga raya. Musculature yana da nau'i na biyu strands. Suna kõma a garesu na axial igiyar. Irin wannan tsarin ya sa ya yiwu a gudanar da kawai Amphioxus maimaita ƙungiyoyi. Tare da tsokoki ya bends jiki a daya shugabanci. A notochord ma abubuwa a matsayin counterbalance - straightens Amphioxus.

Features na ciki tsarin Amphioxus

A ciki tsarin shi daga cikin mafi m chordates. Su m irin abinci. Wadannan dabbobi ne tace feeders. Narkewa kamar tsarin sequentially. Ya kunshi bakin, makogwaro da kuma hanjinsu da hanta tubular outgrowth. Da ikon source ga Amphioxus ne kananan crustaceans, ciliates, daban-daban iri algae, larvae na sauran chordates.

Ruwa tacewa ne da nasaba da aiwatar da numfashi. A ganuwar da pharynx ne mai sa na sel tare cilia. Su mataki Halicci akai akai ruwa wanda ya wuce ta pharynx da gill slits. Yana kuma da za'ayi gas musayar. Bayan nan, ruwa da aka saki da waje ta hanyar da gill rami. Bugu da ƙari, cikin oxygen sha da kuma saki na carbon dioxide faruwa ne ta jiki akwai waɗansu inuwõwi.

A Amphioxus da musamman gabobin da tukar tumbi. Suna da ake kira Nephridia. Wannan mahara guda biyu Rolls. Suna da cikakken Alhlulbaiti jiki, da kuma daya karshen bude ga waje a okolozhabernuyu kogo.

Sistem sakulasan ne sistem ba rufe. Ya kunshi kwanoni guda biyu - da ventral da dorsal. Zuciya ya bace. Shi ne aiki na ciki jirgin ruwa ta hanyar abin da na jini circulates ripple. Yana Mixes tare da rami ruwa, wanke kayan ciki da haka dauke da fitar gas musayar.

A juyayi tsarin kunshi da tube positioned sama da tsirkiya. Yana ba ya samar da wani thickening, don haka kwakwalwa a Amphioxus fakowa ba. Irin wannan m tsarin da juyayi tsarin da take kaiwa zuwa matalauta ci gaban da hankula. Suna wakilta olfactory rami, located a ƙarshen gaban na jiki. Shi ne iya gane da sinadaran abubuwa ba a cikin ruwa a narkar da jiha. Ga shi an located da tentacles cewa bauta a matsayin tactile sashin jiki. Tare da na tsarin jijiya tube ne photosensitive Kwayoyin.

Sake bugun, kuma ci gaba da

A ciki tsarin Amphioxus da kuma kayyade irin na haihuwa tsarin. Shi ne iri guda ba dabbobi da waje hadi. Development of tsaye ba saboda qwai ci gaba a cikin larvae, wanda da farko taso kan ruwa a cikin ruwa da kuma kama wani kifi soya. Suna ciyar da abinci, girma, da kuma bayan wani lokaci nutse a kasa, bisne karshen na jiki a cikin yashi. Amphioxus Life expectancy ne 3-4 shekaru.

Ma'ana Amphioxus a cikin yanayi da kuma rayuwar mutum

A kudancin Asiya Amphioxus ci. Kuma a cikin wannan yankin su ne manufa jinsunan ga dama shekara ɗari. Masunta kama su mike daga jirage a lokaci daga Agusta zuwa Janairu, 'yan sa'o'i bayan low komowar ruwa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da musamman kayan aiki. Yana da wani sieve a kan wani iyakacin duniya na bamboo. A lokacin shekara, mun kama 'yan dozin ton na Amphioxus. Daga an yi tattalinta farko jita-jita, da shi za a iya soyayyen, Boiled ko bushe don fitarwa. A nama na wannan dabba ne sosai gina jiki, mai arziki a cikin furotin da kuma fats.

Amphioxus ne m marine chordates cewa an classified a matsayin subtype Golovohordovye bescherepnyh. Su kai a sedentary salon da kuma ci da tacewa. A halin yanzu, su ne ba kawai da manufa iri, amma kuma amfani domin gudanar da bincike domin nazarin asalin kuma taxonomic matsayi a cikin dabba duniya tsarin yarda su gane alamu a cikin juyin halitta daga chordates.