Graben - shi ... Abin da grabens, da kuma yadda ake kafa

A cikin wannan labarin Bari mu bincika tambaya game da halitta da mamaki. Mene ne fashi da kuma yadda ake kafa? Har ila yau, neman gaba, kula da bambanci na graben - wani Karin.

Mene ne graben

Graben - a sagging rabo daga duniya ta ɓawon burodi, wanda aka kafa a sakamakon tectonic Laifi kuma tsaye kuma daga cikin tashe rabo.

Grabens yawanci faruwa a sakamakon da tensile sojojin a kusa da tashe ƙasar yankunan. A karkashin mataki na ƙasa subsidence ya auku da kuma wani tsoma dutsen tsarin.

Tare da gefuna da graben bayyana falalen sassa, wanda aka kafa ta da jari na sabon breeds, suna kira da "fuka-fuki na graben."

A tsawon iya kai 'yan dubun ko daruruwan kilomita - a fadin. A mafi furta da kuma sanannun grabens ne a Gabashin Afrika. Suna located tare da tabkuna Tanganyika, Victoria, Nyansa. A Rasha, da most graben - shi ne Barguzin tasa, kwari na Lake Baikal.

A cikin hasken rana tsarin most graben - Valles Marineris, located a duniyar Mars. Dalilin Education - volcanic aiki.

Mene ne wani Karin

Karin - shi ne upbeat a kan block laifuffukan da ɓawon burodi, da samuwar a sakamakon tectonic ƙungiyoyi.

Dangi da surface ne iri uku Karin:

1. Karkata - surface a kan dukan yankin da aka tilted zuwa daya gefen.
2. Sandan - akwai wani stepwise takaita saukar.
3. Unilateral - baya laifinsu ko laifinsu faruwa a gefe daya ne kawai.

Horst sau da yawa hada don ƙirƙirar duwãtsu da lebur fi. A tsawon yawanci kai daruruwan, da kuma fadin - dubun kilomita, da tsawo - 'yan dubu mita. Bayyane misalai ne Horst dutsen iyaka a Spain Sierra Nevada dutsen iyaka a kudu maso yammacin Jamus, da Black Forest.

Domin da farko lokacin da kalmar "Anna" da aka gabatar a Sashen kimiyya a 1873 da Austria Edward Suess. Da yake jawabi a kansa kalmomi, graben - wani m, Horst - tudu.

sabani

Rift - mikakke kwance manyan ciki a duniya ta ɓawon burodi. Yawanci, a sa na depressions, mamaye wata babbar yanki na ƙasa.

Akwai iri biyu na sabani zones - Oceanic da kuma nahiyar.

A farko sakamakon daga daukan hotuna zuwa zubi magma ya fito daga cikin zurfin na Duniya a kan teku bene. Magma karkashin matsin Firaministan da m lithospheric faranti, a sakamakon wannan tsari ne kafa matasa Oceanic ɓawon burodi.

Continental sabani zones an kafa ta kiwon da surface plumes (zafi alkyabbar), da kuma volcanic aiki auku thinning kuma mikewa na nahiyar ɓawon burodi. Irin wannan fadace fadace zai iya kai ga samuwar wani sabon teku. A Gabas Afirka Rift tsarin, wato a cikin nesa yankin, a wasu wurare kafa Oceanic ɓawon burodi ne matasa.

Fadace fadace, wanda tsaya a ci gaba da kuma ba ya juya zuwa cikin teku, da ake kira aulacogens. Yawancin lokaci, a irin wuraren da kafa adibas na albarkatun. Alal misali, Devonian Donetsk deflection ne mai babbar kwal nawa.

Yawancin lokaci a hade da Karin-graben - a aulacogene.