Inda ne tushen da Yenisei River. Yenisei River: tushen da kuma bakin

A Kara Sea (Arctic Ocean unguwar) daukawa ruwanta m Yenisei. The hukuma daftarin aiki (The State Register na ruwa jikinsu) same: tushen River Yenissei - Kananan Yenissei mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Big. Amma ba duk geographers yarda da wannan batu. Amsawa ga tambaya "inda ne tushen kogin Yenisei?", Sukan nuna wasu wuraren da maps, kai wasu versions for aunawa da tsawon kogin, kuma, kamar yadda wani sakamako na sauran hydrological halaye.

Wasu halaye na Yenisei

Hydrogeological sigogi Yenisei ruwa enrichment a cikin gubar daga cikin 5 mafi girma Rasha koguna.

sauran versions

Wasu masana kimiyya saba da hukuma data da kuma shan kan tushen da kogin Yenisei sauran wuraren da maki, jayayya cewa tushen kogin farawa daga wuri inda a fili samu wani kwari rafi. Wannan na iya zama wani spring, wani rafi sunã gudãna daga fadama, lake ko a karkashin gleiser.

Tebur nuna tsawon na gudãna a hukumance soma. Domin da Yenisei, Lena, Amur, kuma Likitan mata don su mahaɗar tsakãninsu farkon dauka babbar aikin gandu a cikin sama ya kai. Alal misali, daya tushen Obi geographers yi imani da Irtysh River. Sa'an nan ba za mu iya magana game da tsawon Likitan mata River a 5410 km. Shan tushen Obi farkon Katun, mun samu 4338 km. Kamar yadda za a iya gani, da sakamakon a ko dai version zai bambanta muhimmanci daga hukuma, dangane da irin batu dauka a matsayin sifili lokacin da aunawa da tsawon da kogin. Kwatanci misali da aunawa da tsawon na Amur. A jihar da mai ruwa-ruwa littãfi kayyade tsawon - 2824 km - aka bayyana ta mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Shilki Argun, kuma idan ci kilomita daga tushen gubar Argun, shi dai Amur 4440 km a tsawon. A gaskiya source na Lena fara a tsawon 1680 mita tare da wata alama, da kuma a cikin aikin hukuma takardun da wannan abu tare da wani a tsaye lamba 1480 m, Saboda haka da tsawon na Lena a ƙasa a bit fiye da 3448 km.

balanci zato

Mu ƙidaya a kan wannan manufa, da tsawon watercourse, shan wurin da tushen da kogin Yenisei nesa na 605 km, ta amfani da tunani da bayanai a kan tsawon na kogin Bolshoi Yenisei. Shi ne fiye da kananan (563 km). A cikin duka, zai 4092 km - da kuma tsawon na Yenisei a kan "Rasha" version.

Amma akwai wani "Mongolian" ka'idar, a cikin abin da da tsawon Kananan Yenisei la'akari yanã gudãna a cikinta a cikin sama inflow - 615 km. Sa'an nan da tsawon Yenisei River ne 5002 km.

Wasu geographers bayar da uku zabin kirgawa da tsawon cewa tushen da Yenisei River - kogi Selenga, yana da asali a cikin ƙasa na Mongolia da kuma gudana a cikin Lake Baikal. Its tsawon - 1024 km, kuma shi ne mafi girma daga cikin 336 kõguna da waɗansu kõguna da cewa ciyar da lake. Wannan version daukan la'akari sauran aka gyara: da tsawon da Angara River a 1779 km, kuma da nisa tsakanin bakin Selenga da Angara a kan ƙasa na Lake Baikal. A sakamakon haka, ƙara da kayyade tsawon zuwa nesa daga bakin Yenisei River zuwa mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Angara River, samun da tsawon watercourse 5075 m amma tambaya taso :. Ko yi la'akari lokacin da Yenisei babban kogi, ko shi zai zama mai tributary na Angara, haka ma, a cikin wurin su ci Angarsk hanya 2-3 sau fadi fiye da Yenisei. Da tambaya ta biyu ne ko matsayi na Lake Baikal, ko da yake da shi - ɓangare na Yenisei (Angara)?

Daga cikin tsawon na watercourse ne a kai tsaye gwargwado ga catchment yankin na kwari, wanda kara ɗe da kogin Yenisei. A tushen da kuma bakin kafa a cikin dukan waɗannan versions, muhimmanci ƙara sauran hydrological sigogi (catchment yankin, kogin ya kwarara da kuma shekara-shekara kwarara).

Official nasa tarihin

Saboda haka da wuri don la'akari da tushen da Yenisei River? Mafi m, shi wajibi ne ya yi riko da data jihar Ruwa Register. A da shi da mahaɗar tsakãninsu duwãtsun biyu qarqashinsu (Big da Small Yenisei) is located a nesa na 3.487 km daga mahaɗar tsakãninsu da kogin ga Kara Sea, kuma ya bayyana cewa, Saboda haka Yenisei River fara. "Wikipedia" tushen nuna ta wannan batu. Kula da ta tunani: arewacin latitud na 51 digiri. 43 min. 47 sec., 94 digiri gabas longitude. 27 min. 18 sec. Height tushen Yenissei River m ya zama 619,5 m saman teku matakin.

The fall da kuma gangaren kogin

Altai-Sayan tsaunuka, intermountain daruna, Minusinsk Basin - wadannan manyan siffofin sauƙi ketare kogin Yenisei. A tushen da bakinka ne irin hypsometric elevations na duniya surface daga 0 m zuwa 619,5 m (teku matakin). A general ƙi - 619,5 m, kuma a kaddarance gangara - 0,18 m / km. Wannan shi ne, domin kowane km na tashar kwarara aka rage ta ƙananan ya kai zuwa 18 cm, kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da babba ya kai.

Kamar wancan gangaren kogin zai zama a wani uniform gangara ta duniya surface daga kudu zuwa arewa. Amma da yanayin da duniya bai bayar da manufa lissafi. Saboda haka kogin Yenissei (source da bakin nan da nan dauka zuwa hukuma bayanai) dangane da topography da ƙasa gangara yanaye kasu kashi 3 sassan - babba, tsakiya da kuma ƙananan.

babba Yenisei

Wannan sashe zai fara inda tushen Yenisei River. A rabo na Upper Yenisei (da gida sunan ga kogin - Ulug-Khem) lissafta 600 km. Ya ƙare a mahaɗar tsakãninsu Abakan kogin tare da tsawo lamba 243,6 tsawo kogin tushen Yenissei -. 619,5 m a kan mãkirci 188 km dogon tashar nisa na 100 zuwa 650 m zurfin kai a kalla 4, kuma har zuwa 12 m, har. 1 m a Shoals. A kwarara kudi a sashen kogin Metachem kai 8 m / s, da talakawan gudu a lokacin rani - 2-2.5 m / s. Sa'an nan ya fara tafki 290 km tsawo, da tashar kafa ta damming dam ikon shuka tsawo na 236 m, a 'yan kilomita -. Mainskaya HPP kananan tafki, tsawon 21.5 km.

A fall na Upper Yenisei -. 375,9 m kaddarance gangara - 0,63 m ga kowane kilometer tashar. A dabi'u na wannan sabawa ne na hali dutsen kõguna irin da ya dace da yanayin da ƙasa (Sayansky Canyon, Northern hukumar Tuvinskaya tasa, Rapids tashar, high kwarara kudi).

Middle Yenisei

A farkon tsakiyar ɓangare na Yenisei River dauke da wani wuri na mahaɗar tsakãninsu. Abakan -. A 2887 km daga bakin da alamar 243,6 mita a cikin kogin hankali hasarar da ãyõyin mountainous yanayi. Valley zama m (har zuwa 5 km), da ya kwarara rate an rage wa 1.2 m / s in line nisa na 500 m.

Middle Yenissei fara Krasnoyarsk tafki, tsawon na 388 km ne wani talakawan nisa na 15 km. Ƙananan iyaka na wucin gadi tafki sama birnin Krasnoyarsk.

Middle Yenissei ƙare a mahaɗar tsakãninsu zubarwa kogin zuwa 2137 km daga bakin tare da tsawo maki 79 m. Tsakanin Krasnoyarsk da kibiya (wuri kusa da bakin zubarwa) nisa Yenissei zuwa 1300 m, da ya kwarara slows zuwa 0.8 m / s.

A tsawon Tsakiya Yenisei - 750 km. Gangaren site da duka fall na 164,9 m na 0,22 m - tare da kowane kilometer kara arewa zuwa Kara Sea hanya "dama" na 22 cm.

ƙananan Yenisei

Wannan shi ne mafi tsawo na tsawon na 2137 km - daga mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Angara River zuwa bakin Yenisei River a cikin jeri Sopochnaya Hag. Bayan mahaɗar tsakãninsu Lower Tunguska gado zama m, kai 5 km. Kwarara slows saukar zuwa 0.2 m / s. A wellhead jeri na kogin ne zuwa kashi 4 babban bututu, kowanne daga abin da ake kira da sunan da Yenisei, amma an supplemented da definition: hange, Stone, Big da Small. A duka nisa daga cikin gadaje - 50 km. Tsakanin tashoshi m Brekhovskie tsibirin, skirting su wadda aka shiga a sake cikin daya tashar, forming Yenisei Bay a gefen Kara Sea. River sa lebur siffofin: gangara kasa da 0.04 (4 cm da kilometer), da ya kwarara gudun ne kusan unnoticeable surges sau da yawa faruwa - kwarara ruwa daga teku zuwa cikin bay.

kogin hydrology

Ikon Yenisei gauraye, hada da rabi na snow. Da rabo daga ruwan sama - 35%, da ruwan karkashin kasa a cikin sama don samar da rabo daga 15%, to ƙananan kai na shiga cikin ikon kogi ne rage.

Daskare-up, wanda suke precursors na Frazil kankara da kuma rugujewa kankara fall fara da ƙananan kai na farkon na Oktoba, a tsakiyar kai ne tsakiyar watan Nuwamba, a cikin sama - karshen Nuwamba - Disamba. Winter dake kwarara ne sharply rage.

Spring tide mikewa, da suka fara a tsakiyar Yenisei daga karshen watan Afrilu. A cikin manya ya kai shi yana farawa da kadan daga baya. A cikin ƙananan ya kai - daga tsakiyar May har farko shekaru goma na Yuni. Idan tarkace ne generated cunkoso. Dagagge matakan up to 7 m a tsawo da kuma har zuwa 16 m, a cikin takaita da tashar. A cikin ƙananan matakin mafi girma - har zuwa 28 m (Kureyka), amma ga jeri wellhead an rage zuwa 12 m.

Shahararren mahaifin-Yenisei

Girma ambaliya: kogin da aka ranked a saman 5 daga cikin mafi girma kõguna a Rasha.

Ya gudanar ta hanyar tsakiyar Asia - babban birnin kasar Tuva, Kyzyl.

Delineates ta gado na Yammacin Siberia zuwa gabas da kuma game da rabin raba Rasha expanses.

"Ina shine tushen da Yenisei River?" - Wannan tambaya ne ya zuwa yanzu da most yawan sabani tsakanin geographers.

Za ka iya samun akwai daga Mongolia ga Kara Sea, rafting a kan Selenga River, Lake Baikal, da Angara da Yenisei.