Iri predicates: sauki, spanned, maras muhimmanci, fi'ili

Predicate - shi ne wani ɓangare daga cikin nau'in tushe na shawara. Daban-daban na predicates a Rasha harshen iya amsa daban-daban tambayoyi, da ma'anoni dabam-dabam, ya nuna da sassa daban daban na jawabin.

A harshen mu, da fi'ilin mafi sau da yawa watsa mataki yi da batun (The yaro gudanar). A wannan yanayin, shi zai amsa tambayoyi na "abin da ya yi? "Ko" Abin da za? ", Da kuma bayyana ta fi'ilai.

Kadan fiye, da predicate iya bayyana yanayin da batun, ta ãyã, kuma amsa tambayoyin, "Mene ne batu?", "Wane ne wannan mutum?". Bayyana, bi da bi, don haka da predicate zai kasance sauran sassa na magana.

A cikin Rasha da harshen akwai daban-daban na predicates. Dukan su da wani real (lexical) da kuma nau'in ma'anar. Karkashin real (lexical) yana nufin sunan mataki ko yanayin cewa predicate da kira. (Volga gudana I -. Builder.)

Grammar dogara a kan tsari a cikin abin da akwai wani bangare na jawabin, bayyana da predicate. Alal misali, a cikin jumla Volga gudana ne ba, yanayin nuni, kamar yadda a cikin jumla Na - gini - nominative, namiji, mufuradi.

La'akari da irin predicates kusa.

Uku. A mafi sauki hanyar wani sauki fi'ili predicate. An bayyana da fi'ili a daya daga cikin son zuciyoyinsu, shi kunshi guda kalma. (Ana yin ruwa. Ina sun tafi wani wuri. Run saukar zuwa store.)

Fili fi'ili predicate (GHS) da aka gina bisa ga dabara: aiki (karin) + tushen fi'ili. A cikin rawar da farko kalmar ne mafi kusantar dacewa bulan: (ci gaba, fara, a daina). Sau da yawa, da na biyu zai iya zama Fi'ilol.in: dole ne, a ɗaure, da dai sauransu (Ivan Ivanovich wani mafarauci dadi abincin rana. Student dole karatu tukuru. Yana lokacin da ka bar shan taba sigari).

Irin wannan shawarwari bukatar wani karin fi'ili don canja wuri na nahawu ma'anar, da kuma mafi muhimmanci - don bayyana ma'anar lexical.

Duk da haka, ba duk haduwa da da tushen fi'ili da fi'ili da kuma sauran ne GHS. By nazarin iri predicates, dole ne mu tuna: hade da za a dauke GHS iso ga aikatau iya mai ma'ana lexical ma'anar. Wannan yana nufin cewa ta cire da tushen fi'ili, shi zai zama ba zai yiwu ba a gane abin da yake a kan gungumen azaba a cikin tsari. (Na fara ci. Ina so in yi barci). A cikin wadannan misalai, aka ja wa layi kalmomi ne bai cika lexical ma'anar, ba tare da da tushen fi'ili da suka rasa su ma'anar, don haka a cikin bada shawarwari ne wurin zama GHS. In ba haka ba (a cikin wata muhimmiyar fi'ili) predicate ne mai sauki fi'ili da kuma tushen fi'ili - qananan memba na jumla.

The bada shawarwari GHS mataki tushen fi'ili ya zama na gabar (na fara zuwa koyi wani sabon dance). In ba haka ba, idan fi'ilai za su shafi daban-daban kalmomi, zai zama na biyu memba na tushen fi'ili (na tambaye shi don zuwa store). Maganar tafi - Bugu da kari.

A wannan nau'in na predicates ba ya kawo karshen akwai. A mafi wuya na su - a kumshin maras predicate (ICU). Yana da aka gina bisa ga dabara: + karin babban ɓangare. Cikinsa karin-fi'ili bayyana cuta ga watsin nahawu ma'anar, da kuma babban (suna, wakilin suna) amfani don bayyana lexical ma'anar.

Wasu igiyoyinsu iya ba da nasu lexical ma'anar, amma kawai don kafa nahawu. (Ya kasance mai fanning binciken kasa. Shi ne mai fanning binciken kasa).

Poluznamenatelnye jijiyoyin an bayyana ta fi'ilai a samansu da sunan, bayyanar, gaban ko alamun ci gaba. Sun ci gaba da fi'ilin lexical sautunan, da sauran shawarwarin iya wasa da muhimmancin mai zaman kanta predicate. (Ya kasance da undeveloped da daji. Ya zauna tare da ni).

A karshe, akwai ƙwarai jijiya (I koma gamsu).

Maras muhimmanci sassa na SIS tayi bayyana ta sunaye ko wasu maras muhimmanci sassa na magana.

Iri predicates exemplified sama, taimaka wa sarrafa Rasha harshen, Ya tabbatar da shi mai haske, ma'ana da kuma wani tunanin.