Kasar Italiya. Lardin na Italiya. A babban birnin kasar na Italiya

Kowannenmu yana da nasa hotunan idan ya zo Italiya. Ga wani, Italiya shine tarihin tarihi da al'adu, irin su Forum da Colosseum a Roma, da Palazzo Medici da Uffizi Gallery a Florence, St. Mark Square a Venice da kuma sanannen hasumiyar hasumiyar a Pisa. Ga wasu, wannan kasa da ake dangantawa da aikin darektan Fellini, Bertolucci, Perelli, kuma Antonioni Franchesko Rozi, m kerawa Morricone da Ortolani, kwantantuwa actor ta aikin Giulietta Masina, Monica Bellucci, Sofi Loren, Michele Placido, Adriano Celentano. Wani, bayan jin labarin Italiya, nan da nan ku tuna da sanannen Italiyanci pizza, taliya, fritttu da minestrone. Ƙasar Italiya - yana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffi a duniya, kodayake ya bayyana a cikin taswirar siyasa na duniya kadan kadan fiye da shekaru dari da suka shude.

A bit of history

Italiya tana da babbar tasiri akan bunkasa zamantakewa da al'adu ba kawai kasashen Turai ba, amma ga dukan 'yan adam.

A cikin wannan ƙasa, an gano abubuwan tarihi na archaeocin tabbatar da tabbatar da batun yankin na tsohuwar mutane. Ana iya jaddada cewa zamanin Italiya na da mahimmanci a ci gaba da wayewar bil'adama. Gwamnatin Roma ta gudanar ba wai kawai ta cinye manyan yankuna ba kuma ta haifar da mulki mai karfi, amma kuma ta kawo al'adun al'adu da tattalin arziki da ilmi ga ƙasashen da aka ci nasara.

A karkashin yunkurin da aka yi, Daular Roma ta yamma ta shirya a 476, wanda sakamakon haka ne aka kafa kananan jihohi masu yawa a cikin rafin teku na Apennine.

Modern Italiya ya zo ne kawai a 1871, godiya ga} Dzhuzeppe Garibaldi da sahabbansa. A wannan shekara ne aka bayyana Roma cewa babban birnin jihar, wanda ya haɗa da kananan mulkoki da duchies.

Shekaru na ashirin ya zama abin ƙyama da damuwa ga Jamhuriyar Italiya. A lokacin daga 1922 zuwa 1945, kasar ta kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin fastoci jagorancin Benito Mussolini kuma ya shiga cikin yakin duniya na biyu. A 1946, Sarkin karshe na Italiya - Umberto - abdicated, ya biyo bayan wani rikici mai tsawo. Rushewar masana'antu da aikin noma, wani lokacin da aka yi gyare-gyare - dukkanin wannan ya samu daga Italiya. Turai, kamar sauran kasashen duniya, ya mamakin ganin canji da abin da ake kira Italiyanci na tattalin arziki na Italiya. Ci gaba da kasar ta kasance tare da wasu ƙananan lamarin siyasa, gwajin mambobin mafia, da kuma ayyukan ta'addanci na "Red Brigades".

A yau, Italiya tana daya daga cikin ƙasashen Turai masu tasowa da suka bunkasa da yawa waɗanda suke fitarwa zuwa mafi yawan ƙasashe na duniya. Hotuna, motoci, kayayyaki da takalma masu laushi, kayan inabi masu kyau waɗanda aka halitta a wannan ƙasa, suna buƙata a duk faɗin duniya. Gida da kuma karimci na Italiya, tare da kyakkyawan yanayi da kuma bunkasa kasuwancin otel din, suna taimakawa wajen tabbatar da cewa yawon shakatawa na ci gaba a nan. Italiya a kowace shekara tana karɓar yawancin yawon bude ido daga ko'ina cikin duniya.

Yanayin wuri

Jihar Italiya, wadda ke kudu maso Yammacin Turai, ta nuna godiya ga abubuwan da aka tsara, yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda ake ganewa a duniya a taswirar gefen. Ƙasar mabukaci na Italiyanci "taya" yana zaune a cikin ragin Apennine da kuma karamin ɓangaren Balkan kuma yana nuna "sake" zuwa yamma, zuwa tsibirin Sardinia da Sicily. Baya ga waɗannan tsibirin, ƙasar Italiya ta ƙunshi tsibirin Capri, Ischia da Elba. Yana da iyakoki da kasashe irin su Austria, Slovenia, Faransa da Switzerland. Vatican da San Marino kasashe biyu ne masu banƙyama da ke cikin ƙasashen Italiya. Yankin ya wanke teku a bangarorin uku: daga kudancin - Rumuniya da Ionian, daga gabas - Adriatic, daga yamma - Tyrrhenian da Ligurian.

Taimako

Yawancin (kimanin ¾ na dukan ƙasar Italiya) suna kewaye da duwatsu da duwatsu. Daga kudu zuwa arewa ya shimfiɗa tsaunukan Apennine tare da taro na Korn. Dutsen tsaunukan Alps yana cikin yankin arewacin kasar. Babban dutse na wannan taro - Mont Blanc - yana da mita 4807. Ƙasar Italiya - ɗaya daga cikin 'yan kaɗan a Turai, inda aka yi amfani da ɓacin ƙwayar ƙasa na ƙwayar ƙasa da kuma hasken wutar lantarki, irin su Stromboli, Vesuvius da Etna.

Kasashen da ke cikin larduna sun kasance kawai 1/5 na dukkanin yankin, wanda ya kai murabba'in mita dubu 300. Km. Mafi girma a yankin shi ne Padanskaya Kayan, wanda ke tsakanin tsaunin Apennine da Alps. Ƙananan filayen suna kan iyakar teku.

Riba da tafkuna

Kogunan Italiya suna mayar da hankali musamman a yankin arewacinta. The most of su - a kan - gudãna daga gangaren cottian Alps da kuma ƙare tafarkinsa a cikin cikin Adriatic Sea. Kogin Tiber shine na biyu mafi girma, kuma an haɗa shi da Arno River ta hanyar duct da tsarin canal. Duk wadannan kogunan, Arno da Tiber, ba su da tabbas kuma sun san sanannun ambaliyar ruwa.

Yawancin kogin Italiya suna da ragowar tsaunuka masu tsabta wanda ke samar da ƙananan kogi ko kuma ya gudana a cikin teku. Sai kawai Arewacin Italiya na iya "alfahari" wani tsarin da aka gina, wanda aka ba da abinci a kowace shekara ta hanyar yawan ruwan sama da ruwan sama mai guba.

Yawancin tabkuna Italiya suna kan iyakokin Adriatic, a cikin tuddai da wuraren tsaunukan tsaunuka. The most Garda lake, yanki daga abin da yake kusan 370 km ² ne a mai tsayi makiyayarta. Lakes irin su Albano, Bracciano, Bolsena, Vico da Nemi, wanda ke tsakiyar yankin Italiya, sun samo asali daga cika kullun tsabar tsaunuka ta wuta tare da ruwa. Lazin, Varano, da kuma Valli de Comacchio sun samo asali daga rufe ƙutukan lagoon ta hanyar shinge na sand. Rashin zurfin su ne ƙananan, ruwa kuma mai yalwace.

Ƙasashen gudanarwa

Dukan ƙasar za a iya raba shi zuwa kashi uku: a arewa, kudu da tsakiyar. A bisa hukuma, kamar yadda aka rubuta a cikin Tsarin Mulki na Italiyanci a Art. 116 na Disamba 11, 1947, an raba shi zuwa yankuna 20, kowannensu ya rarraba zuwa larduna. Five daga cikin 20 yankuna ne masu zaman kansu, inda 'yan tsirarun kabilanci da harsuna suke rayuwa. A Sardinia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sicily, Valle d'Aosta da Trentino-Alto Adige, ban da harshen Italiyanci, wasu harsuna na amfani da su.
Gundumomi Italiya suna rarraba zuwa al'ummomi (gundumomi), yawan su 8101. Gundumomi, kamar larduna, sun bambanta a ƙasa da kuma yawan mutanen da suke zaune a cikinsu. Ƙasar gari mafi girma ita ce Roma, a cikin yankin Lazio, wanda shine babban birnin jihar. An located kusa da cibiyar da yammacin yankin na yankin, a kan bankunan da Tiber River, ba da nisa daga inda shi gudana a cikin cikin Tyrrhenian Sea. Roma a Italiya ba wai kawai babban birnin ba, har ma da siyasa, tarihi, al'adu, cibiyar yawon shakatawa na muhimmancin duniya.

Yanayi na tattalin arziki da na yanki

Yana da wuya a cikin abin da kasashe masu jari-hujja ke iya ganin irin wadannan banbancin da suka faru a matakin ci gaban tattalin arziki da Kudu da Arewacin Italiya suka nuna.

Sashen mafi yawan masana'antu na Italiya shine abin da ake kira arewacin triangle, wanda ya hada da biranen Genoa, Milan da Turin. Milan, wanda shine kasuwanci, kasuwancin kasuwanci da masana'antu na kasar kuma na biyu mafi girma a birnin Italiya, ana kiran shi babban birnin kasar. Turin sananne ne ga kamfanin motoci Fiat da kayan aikin sana'a. A Genoa ita ce tashar tashar jiragen ruwa mafi girma a Italiya, kuma a cikin gari da wuraren unguwanninta akwai wasu masana'antu da masana'antu. Bugu da} ari, yankin na Genoese yana da muhimmin mahimmanci.

Arewa maso gabashin yankin Arewa ba ta da yawa. Garin mafi girma a wannan yanki shine Venice, mafi yawansu ya zo ne daga yawon shakatawa. Italiya tana ƙoƙarin bunkasa sauran birane a yankin, amma a lokaci guda, matsalar matsalar lalata yankin Venetian tare da gandun daji na masana'antu da kuma birni.

Kudancin Italiya yana da ƙananan ci gaban masana'antu. Duk da cewa a cikin shekaru bayan shekaru masu yawa da aka gina masana'antun man fetur da yawa a cikin wannan yanki, tsire-tsire na makamashin nukiliya da tsire-tsire na zamani, ƙwarewar masana'antu ta kara karuwa. A wannan yanki na Italiya, an gudanar da aikin noma a kan fasaha mara kyau, wanda ke haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyi. Naples shine cibiyar al'adu da kuma tattalin arziki na Kudu na Italiya. Ita ce mafi girma mafi girma kuma mafi muhimmanci da tashar jiragen ruwa na kasar.

Arewacin yankin

Wannan kyakkyawar ƙasa tana da banbanci, kuma kamar kowace lardin da ke ciki. Ƙasar Italiya ta ƙunshi yankuna masu zuwa:

• Trentino-Alto-Adige;
• Valle d'Aosta;
• Friuli-Venezia Giulia;
• Veneto;
• Emilia-Romagna;
• Lombardy;
• Liguria;
• Piedmont.

Valle d'Aosta

Wannan yanki yana kan iyakar Switzerland da Faransa, kewaye da manyan ƙasashen Turai - Gran Paradiso, Matterhorn, Mont Blanc da Monte Rosa. Valle d'Aosta sanannun wuraren da yake da karfin gine-gine da wuraren zama, kamar La Thuile, Cervinia, Pyla, Monte Rosa da Courmayeur.

Veneto

An san shi a matsayin mai haske da mafi kyau, wannan yankin arewa maso gabashin Italiya, wanke da tafkin Adriatic, ya ƙunshi larduna kamar Rovigo, Verona, Venice, Padua, Vicenza, Treviso da Belluno. A cikin kowannensu akwai birane da yawa waɗanda aka yi la'akari da gaske a al'adun al'adu da tarihin ƙasar. A nan akwai lu'u-lu'u na Italiya, garin da aka gina akan tsibirin - Venice.

Liguria

Daga iyakar Faransanci Cote d'Azur zuwa Tuscany, wannan yankin Italiya ya kasance. A daya hannun shi yana wanke Ligurian teku, da kuma a kan sauran - An kewaye da wani zobe na duwãtsu. Ya ƙunshi wuraren hudu: Savona, Empire, La Spezia da Genoa. Liguria ita ce ƙasar furanni, inda rana ta haskaka kusan kimanin kwanaki 300 a shekara, kuma tuddai na duwatsu an rufe su da itatuwan zaitun. Za'a iya samun rinjaye na Mista Monaco a cikin minti 20 kawai.

Lombardy

Wannan yankin a arewacin Italiya yana tsakanin tsakiyar Po da kuma tudun Alps. Ya haɗa da waɗannan larduna kamar:

• Bergamo;
• Sondrio;
• Brescia;
• Pavia;
• Yau;
• Monza-e-Brianza;
• Cremona;
• Milan;
• Como;
• Lecco;
• Lodi;
• Mantua.

Lombardy sanannen shahararrun yanayi ne da wuraren shakatawa na yanayi, maɓuɓɓugar zafi da wuraren motsa jiki. Wannan yana daya daga cikin yankuna mafi girma na Italiya.

Piedmont

A ƙarƙashin duwatsu, a kan iyakar Switzerland da Faransa, a asalin mafi girma Italiyanci Po, wannan yanki yana samuwa, shahara ba kawai don tarihin, abubuwan halitta da al'adu. Piedmont ne suka shahara a duniya irin giya, kamar Moscato d'Asti, Barolo, Nebbiolo da Barbaresco, kazalika da musamman novarrskimi biscuits da fari truffles.

Trentino-Alto Adige

Wannan yanki mai zaman kanta, wanda aka sani ga shimfidar wurare masu kyau da wuraren ginin wuraren motsa jiki, yana kan iyakar dake kusa da Austria da Switzerland. A kudanci, wannan yanki yana kusa da Veneto, a yammacin - tare da Switzerland da Lombardy, kuma a arewa - tare da Ostiryia, kuma iyakar tana kan iyakar tsaunukan Alpine. A wannan yankin, larduna biyu - Bolzano da Trento. Wannan yankin yana da ban sha'awa saboda a kowane lardi al'ada, hadisai da ma harshe ɗaya sun bambanta. A Bolzano, harshen harshen Jamus ne, kuma mafi yawan mazaunan Trent suna magana ne kawai Italiyanci. Babban kudin shiga ga yankin shi ne yawon shakatawa. Trentino-Alto Adige sanannen shahararren wuraren motsa jiki, misali, Madonna di Campiglio.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia

Wannan ita ce yankin mafi gabashin arewacin Italiya, kusa da Croatia, Austria da Slovenia. Friuli Venezia Giulia yana kan iyakokin Adriatic kuma tana da matsayin wani yanki na gunduma wanda ya kunshi larduna biyu - Venice-Giulia da Friule, wanda ya hada kansu saboda yanayi daban-daban. Duk da kasancewa tare da juna, dukkanin yankuna sun ci gaba da kasancewa da halayenta. Yau akwai larduna hudu a wannan yanki: Gorizia, Pordenon, Udine da Trieste. A nan ne mafi kyawun farin giya ya fito ne daga Pinot Grigio.

Emilia-Romagna

Ana la'akari da daya daga cikin yankunan Italiya mafi arziki. Tana kan iyakoki da kudancin Apennine, a gabas ta wanke ta bakin Adriatic, kuma a arewacin iyakar ta Po River. An rarraba yankin zuwa kashi biyu - arewa maso yammacin Emilia da kudu maso Romacin, wanda ke iyakar Jamhuriyar San Marino. Wannan yankin ba sananne ba ne kawai ga irin waɗannan garuruwa kamar Modena, Ravenna, Reggio, Rimini da Ferrara. A cikin wannan yanki akwai kamfanoni na irin abubuwan da ke damun motoci kamar Dallara, Ducati, De Tomaso, Ferrari, Maserati, Lamborghini, Morini da Malaguti. Kuma a kan 'yan kwaminis na gida mafi yawan wasanni na kasa da kasa ana gudanar da su akai-akai.

Cibiyar Italiya

Yankunan tsakiya na Italiya sune:

• Abruzzo;
• Lazio;
• Marche;
• Molise;
• Tuscany;
• Umbria.

Abruzzo

Wannan yankin Italiya yana tsakiyar tsakiyar kasar, tsakanin bakin tekun Adriatic da kuma tudun Apennine. Yankin kan iyakokin wurare kamar Molise, Marche da Lazio. Tsarin Abruzzo ya ƙunshi lardunan Teramo, Chieti, Pescara da L'Aquila.

Abruzzo ya bambanta ta hanyar daidaituwa da zaman lafiyar tattalin arziki, wanda ya yiwu saboda la'akari da hukumomi da cigaban yawon shakatawa da kuma goyon bayan aikin gona. A wannan yanki za su sami hutawa don kansu a matsayin magoya bayan tuddai da kuma gudun hijira, kuma magoya bayan bukukuwa na bakin teku.

Lazio

Wannan yankin na Italiyanci ma yana da yanki. Yana cikin Lazio cewa akwai Roma, wanda shine babban birni na wannan yankin. A cikin wannan yanki akwai larduna biyar: Viterbo, Latina, Roma, Rieti, Frosinone. Wannan yankin yana cikin ƙananan tsibirin tsibirin dutse a cikin tsakiyar teku na Tyrrhenian.

Marche

A cikin Italiya, a kan Adriatic Coast shine Marche yankin. Ya ƙunshi larduna shida: Ancona, Macerata, Ascoli Piceno, Pesaro, Urbino da Fermo.

Janyo hankalin masu yawon bude ido zuwa wannan yanci na Italiya shine ƙananan rairayin bakin teku masu, ƙanana da jin dadi a Sinigalia ko kuma mai faɗi a San Benedetto del Tronto. Wannan yankin yana da ban sha'awa ga magoya bayan fasaha: yawancin caves, irin su Frasassi, suna da damar yin ziyara.

Molise

Ita tana cikin kudu na Italiya, tsakanin kogin Adriatic da Dutsen Apennine. Yankunan Molise a yankin Campania a kudanci, Abruzzi a arewa, tare da Lazio a yammacin kuma tare da Apulia a gabas. A wannan yanki akwai larduna biyu: Isernia da Campobasso. Molise yana daya daga cikin mafi ƙasƙanci a cikin yankunan masana'antu na Italiya. Banda shi ne yankin Termoli, wanda akwai ƙananan kamfani na kamfanin "FIAT" da ma'aikata don samar da karrarawa a Agnone. Babu manyan birane a yankin Molise, kuma ba manyan ƙauyuka suna samuwa a cikin tuddai.

Tuscany

Wannan yankin na tsakiyar Italiya yana wanke da teku na Tyrrhenian da Ligurian a yammacin, kuma a gabas ta Tosco-Emilian Apennines ya daure shi. Yankunan Tuscany a gabas tare da Umbria da Marche, a arewa - tare da Emilia-Romagna, da kuma kudu - tare da Lazio. Ba da nisa daga bakin tekun Tuscany akwai tsibiran tsibirin da ke tsibirin Tuscan: Gorgona, Giglio, Giannuti, Montecristo, Pianosa, Sapraia da Elba.

A tsarin 10 ya hada da lardunan Tuscany: Arezzo, Grosseto, Lucca, Livorno, da Massa Carrara, Prato, Pisa, Pistoia, Siena da Florence, wanda kowannensu yake da wannan sunan babban birnin kasar.

Wannan Italian yankin, ban da kyawawan wurare, yana da yawa al'adu da tarihi da Monuments, cikin shahararrun abin da ake mayar da hankali a larduna kamar Florence, Siena, Livorno da Pisa. Yana da aka haife shi a Tuscany kuma yi aiki da irin wannan shahara Figures a matsayin Leonardo Vinci da Petrarch, Dante Aligeri da Michelangelo, da kuma waɗansu da yawa.

Umbria

Wannan shi ne na musamman Italiya. Sea ko babu ƙirin. Yana aka kẽwayesu kawai ta Marche, Lazio da Tuscany. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na Umbria kawai biyu larduna: Perugia da kuma Terni.

Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙasa ne dukan tuddai da duwatsu. Bayyana iya kawai za a samu a cikin kwari na gudãna kamar Velino, da Nera da Tiber. A cikin kogin Velino, kusa da birnin Terni, shi ne mafi shahara mutum da aka yi waterfall Marmore, gina ta da tsoho Romawa.

Manyan-sikelin masana'antu a yankin da aka talauci da dabarun, tare da togiya na birnin Terni, inda metallurgical, sinadaran da na'ura-gini Enterprises. A Perugia akwai kananan abinci, yadi da kuma handicraft factory.

A kudancin yankunan Italiya

Wadannan yankuna na Italiya suna located a kudancin yankin na yankin, da kuma hada da irin manyan tsibirin kamar Sardinia kuma Sicily, wanda zauna game da 40% na kasar. Waɗannan su ne yankuna:

• Apulia.
• Sardinia.
• Basilicata.
• Sicily.
• yaƙin neman zaɓe.
• Calabria.

Apulia

Wanke da Ionian da Adriatic tekuna, Puglia - shi ne mafi m Italian yankin. A wannan yankin, biyar lardunan Brindisi, Bari, Lecce da Foggia Tarentum. Wannan shi ne bisa ga al'ada wani aikin gona yankin na Italiya, wanda mukamansu farko a samar da man zaitun, da ruwan inabi.

A kan ƙasa na wannan yanki mayar da hankali mai yawa da burbushi da kuma Monuments na daban-daban wayewar, daga Paleolithic zuwa karshen Renaissance.

Basilicata

Wannan kudancin Italian yankin a kudu-maso-gabas da Ionian Sea da kuma a kudu maso yammacin na Tyrrhenian Sea. A kudu da iyaka tare da Basilicata Calabria, kuma a gabas da arewa - Apulia. A yankin ne zuwa kashi biyu larduna: Potenza da Matera. Basilicata kyawawan m kasa, kuma kusan rabin na da karkararta ne mountainous, kawai 1/10 daga dukan yankin - filayen. A duka lebur part aka ketare koguna da cewa ta kuma fadama. Yau, mafi yawan Marshes an drained.

Wannan kudancin yankin na Italiya ba a washe ta da hankalin masu yawon bude ido, tun yawon shakatawa fara kawai a karshe 'yan shekaru. Yanzu aiki da Pollino National Park da kuma mura da thermal ruwa a Rappola. Kuri'a na ban sha'awa tarihi da kuma al'adu kayayyakin gargajiya za a iya gani a cikin tarihi a wurin Murgia halitta shakatawa, kazalika a gidajen tarihi a Metaponto, Venosa da kuma sauran birane a yankin.

Bugu da kari, da Basilicata yawa ski mura a cikin babban yawon shakatawa cibiyar a La Sellata Perfaone.

Calabria

Wannan yanki ne located a "kafana" na Italian "taya", domin mafi yawan bangare a kan wannan yanki. Calabria aka kẽwayesu zuwa arewa da Basilicata, a yamma da Tyrrhenian kuma a gabas da kuma kudu - da Ionian Sea. Daga Sicily , na yankin rabu da mashigar Messina. Akwai biyar larduna: Vibo Valentia, Catanzaro, Crotone, Cosenza da Reggio Calabria.

A yankin ya dade da aka sani a matsayin wata gona da ake rayayye masu tasowa a matsayin dan yawon shakatawa yankin. Don yin wannan, akwai abin da kuke bukatar: kyau yanayi da dumi teku, kazalika da yawa tarihi Monuments bar bayan da Helenawa, da Romawa da Normans.

Calabria, a cikin wasu abubuwa, kuma mafi seismically aiki yankin na Italiya. A mafi girma da lambar da girgizar asa a baya shekara ɗari gani a cikin wannan yankin.

yaƙin neman zaɓe

Daga cikin gaba na Tyrrhenian Sea zuwa iyakar da yankuna na Basilicata da kuma Lazio kara kudancin Italian yankin - yaƙin neman zaɓe. Wannan dukan yanki ne zuwa kashi da wadannan larduna: Avellino, Caserta, Benevento, Naples, Salerno. A yankin ne mafi hankula yankunan aiki ne da aikin noma, viticulture da kama kifi. A tashar jiragen ruwa birane rayayye tasowa Shipbuilding. Wannan yankin ne ya wakilci, da kuma yawon shakatawa masana'antu. Campania yankin, da taki da kuma matakin na ci gaba, shi ne a saman goma jagorancin kuma an dauki daya daga cikin alamar rahama Italian yankuna.

Sicily

Sicily aka located a kan wannan tsibirin da a kan m Lipari, Pelagie, Egadi tsibiran. A ƙasa na yankin ne zuwa kashi tara larduna: Agrigento, Catania, Messina, Caltanissetta, Ragusa, Palermo, Trapani, Siracusa, Enna. Sicily ne rabu da babban yankin Italiya da mashigar Messina.

Yau, kawai Sicily a ko'ina cikin Jamhuriyar Italiya na da majalisar dokokin kasar, located in Palermo - babban birnin tsibirin. Akwai da yawa tarihi da kuma al'adu Greek kuma Byzantine Monuments da kuma jan hankali. Amma babban yawon shakatawa manufa - da aiki aman wuta Dutsen Etna, kuma da kyau rairayin bakin teku na Pozzallo da Isola Bella kuma m shimfidar wuri da kuma shimfidar.

Sardinia

Sardinia, na biyu mafi girma, shi ne tsakanin Corsica da kuma Sicily. Sardinia - wani m yankin na Italiya ne sosai daban-daban a matsayin babban harshe - Sardinian da kabilu da yawan jama'a. A gefen yamma na tsibirin da ake wanke ta da Sardinian teku, da dukan sauran - Tyrrhenian.

A mulkin kai na takwas lardunan Medio Campidano, Cagliari, Nuoro, Carbonia-Iglesias, Sassari, Ogliastra, Oristano da Olbia-Tempio. Babban tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma babban birnin kasar na Sardinia - Cagliari. Industry a tsibirin ne ba cewa moriya ga adana yanayi.

A babban birnin kasar na Italiya

"Madawwami City" - don haka ya kira Roma. Yana da aka kafa 21 Afrilu 753 BC. e. a cikin zuciya na Larabawa. Yana tsaye a kan bakwai tuddai: da Aventine Hill, da Viminale, Quirinale, stoles, Caelian, Esquiline kuma, ba shakka, cikin shahararrun - Capitol. Wannan Roma aka ƙaddara zama cibiyar da daya daga cikin mafi girma da wayewar na bil'adama.

Daga cikin Roman wayewa zo mana dama da kuma gine, falsafa da kuma ka'idojin management, da Latin harshe, wanda shi ne tushen dukan rukuni na harsuna. A cewar labari, da sosai farko yarjejeniya da aka gina da Romulus a kan Palatine tudu. MI - daya daga biyu twin 'yan'uwa da' ya'ya maza bautãwa Mars, wanda tsĩrar da shãyar kerkẽci. A cikin tarihi na Yunƙurin da fall na Roma rubuta littattafai masu yawa da kuma gudanar da bincike. Ya yanzu matsayi na Italian babban birnin samu a 1861, amma da shi a zahiri ya zama a watan Disamba 1870.

Cibiyar na Modern Roma - Piazza Venezia, located a gindin Capitol Hill. A tsakiyar square ne da wani abin tunawa ga sarki na farko, wanda ya tsaya a kai na a united Italiya - Viktoru Emmanuilu II. Italiya kansu kira wannan abin tunawa "bikin aure cake" mai girma iri-iri na da cikakken bayani kuma embellishments.

A yammacin ɓangare na square da aka yi wa ado da Palace of Venice, gina a 1455. Yau da shi gidaje da National Museum Palace, kuma Museum of Venice canzawar. Da sãɓãwar gabatar da kakin Figures shahara siyasa da tarihi Figures al'adu da kuma fasaha. The National Museum of Venezia Palace gidaje a tarin ayyuka na tsakiyar zamanai da Renaissance artists, kazalika da daban-daban iyali abubuwa da kuma makamai.

Piazza Venezia bada Yunƙurin zuwa duk babban titi na Roma: Plebiscite, ta huxu na Nuwamba (faruwa ga Coliseum), Avenue Victor-Emmanuel (kai ga Cathedral of St. Bitrus), Via del Corso. Idan ka yi tafiya tare da Via del Corso, sa'an nan Condotti, sa'an nan ka fita a kan yankin na Spain.

Don bayyana duk Monuments, murabba'ai, manyan gani na Roma, bai isa ba, da kuma Multi-girma kundin sani. Tunawa Da jama'a hikima cewa shi ne mafi alhẽri ga sau fiye da ji sau ɗari, ba ka gani, idan Roma, kuma a ko'ina Italiya da idanuwan?