Kshesinskaia qasaita a St. Petersburg: photo, adireshin, tarihi, sa'o'i na aiki

Kshesinskaia qasaita a St. Petersburg - daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali na zamani zamanin. Its m bayyanar a cikin Petrograd gefe ne da wani undoubted ado na gari. Amma kuma da gine-gine da isa yabo, Kshesinskaia qasaita ne a wurin tarihi muhimmanci da kuma ban sha'awa. Around shi ne har yanzu almara. Kuma lalle ne, haƙĩƙa adadi na wani yar rawa, da kyau mata, tana tattare da wani Aura na romance da asiri.

A tarihin yar rawa

Matilda aka haife shi a Kshesinskaya rawa iyali. Mahaifiyarta rawa a kan mataki na Mariinsky gidan wasan kwaikwayo, kakan wani mai kada violin, mahaifinsa - sanannen dancer, musamman mai yi mazurkas. Yarinya duk yara ciyar a bayan al'amuran. A shekaru 8 da ta kamar yadda wata 'yar'uwa, kuma da wani ɗan'uwa, ya ba da rawa makaranta. Sai ta asali a cikin wani matsayi na musamman: dukkan yara su zauna a cikin wani ma'aikata, da kuma ta kawai yarda ka zo aji.

Tun farkon yara, Matilda ƙaunar zama cibiyar da hankali. Ta tafi makaranta, a wani kuru-kõma kocin a cikin wani karamin, kuma reveled a cikin m ganinsu. A koleji, ta kuma san yadda za a yi wani shugaba, amma shi ne ko da yaushe idan aka kwatanta da 'yar'uwarsa. Ko bayan zuwan zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo makaranta, ta zama Kshesinskaia-2. Na farko shi ne Julia. Mathilde ya ba na farko dalibi, amma ya da wani m matasa aiki-da ya iya juya da yanayi a cikin ni'ima. A samun digiri a cikin Choreographic School ta ya iya fara'a da Sarkin sarakuna. Kuma ya so ta zama "da girman kai na Rasha rawa." A kauri bikin, wanda ya samu halartar wakilan daga gidan sararta, ta farko ya gana da magajin sarautar Nicholas da gudu walƙiya tsakanin su.

Bayan haka, ta yi babban kokarin kullum kama da ido magaji kuma ƙarshe sanya ziyara kadai, bayan da bond tsakanin su da aka kafa. Kshesinskaya, ba ya boye, ya tafi ya zauna shi kadai a cikin gidan, inda suka dauki Nicholas. Dangantaka ƙare bayan da alkawari da magaji zuwa kursiyin da Jamusanci Princess Alice. Amma Kshesinskaya ba su vata lokaci. Bayan da cewa shi ya sa a yi nasara aiki a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, kada ku yi shakka kai kuka ga 'yan sarki iyali da duk wani zalunci, shi kuma ya fara wata dangantaka da Grand Duke - Sergei Mikhailovich. Ta hanyar irin wannan sadarwa da kuma high dancing dabara, Mathilde isa babba Heights a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Ta gabagaɗi, mãkirci da duk kishiyoyinsu, kuma ya kasance cikin manyan yar rawa da na mallaka Theater. Ita ce ta farko Rasha raw yar rawa, wanda ya iya Master da 34 fuete.

Tun 1900, Matilda farawa a layi daya da biyu labari mambobi na na sarki iyali: Sergei Mikhailovich da Andrei Vladimirovich. Kshesinskaya ya haifa a 1902 da dan Prince Andrew. Tun wannan lokacin Sergey ya rage mata kawai aboki. Matilda aiki a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, amma shi ne zama kasa mai ban sha'awa ga wani shekara biyu. Ta farincikin nutsa cikin tsari na iyali (tukuna unofficial) rai. Kshesinskaia musamman gwaninta ya da ikon zuwa laya maza. Tare da duk samarinta ta ya kiyaye dangantakar abokantaka, da kuma sanin yadda za a yi amfani da su goyon baya.

Rayuwa Bayan Ballet

A shekara ta 1904 Kshesinskaya ya fita daga gidan wasan kwaikwayo a kan nasu. A kan amfani da shi sami wani karimci kyauta daga Family mallaka. Yana ƙarasa da wata kwangila ga wuccin wasan kwaikwayo wasanni. Fee shi jeri daga 500 zuwa 750 rubles daya yi. A 1917, ta bar St. Petersburg da kuma aika zuwa Kislovodsk, kuma daga baya zuwa Faransa. Kafin juyin juya halin Musulunci, Prince Andrew ya ba ta wani gidan qasaita a Faransa Coast. Ya zama ta mafaka bayan hijira.

A 1921, Mathilde a Faransa hukumance auri Yarima Andrew. A karshe ya soma nasa dan, wanda a baya ya sa a patronymic Sergei. A 1924 ta ba da lakabi na nobility da Princess Krasinski. Kuma a cikin 1935, ya kuma Prince Andrew samu title daga serene Martaba Prince Romanovsky-Krasiński. A shekara daga baya Kshesinskaya karshe ce ban kwana ga mataki. Amma ko da ya sanar da na dogon lokaci. A shekarar 1960, ta fito da wani tarihin da aka rubuta ta hanyar ta, ita da miji. Yar rawa mutu a 1971, bai rayu har zuwa dandalin na kawai 'yan watanni.

Tarihi qasaita gina

A shekara ta 1904 Matilda Kshesinskaya yanke shawarar gina gidansa. Hakika, wannan yana zama mafi kyau da kuma mafi m gidan. A lokacin da zabar wani wuri, a dancer kusantar da hankali ga mafi gaye yankin na lokaci - da Petrograd gefe. Ta samu ta dace a ƙasar Great gentry Street da kuma gayyata don ƙirƙirar wani aikin na m daga cikin rare - Alexander von Gauguin.

A shekara ta 1904 Kshesinskaia qasaita aka gina a rikodin lokaci. Bayan shekaru biyu, Matilda samu ta fada. Ciki ado, shi ya tambayi m Aleksandru Ivanovu. Domin gida ado gayyata kawai sana'a kaya da saya mafi kyau abubuwa. Matilda so su buga haske. Kuma ta yi nasara. A 1906 da gidan da aka bude a St. Petersburg Kshesinskaia magance shi: mafi daraja Street №2-4 da Kronverksky Avenue, Building №1. A gidan da aka fi gaye wuri a cikin babban birnin kasar.

Biography na m AI von Gauguin

A lokacin da zabar wani m don ƙirƙirar wani aikin na su gida, Kshesinskaya pawing mai yawa da 'yan takara. Amma ya tsaya a Alexander von Gauguin. Ya aka sosai da aka sani domin ayyukansa - da yawa gidajen, majami'u da kuma jama'a gine-gine a St. Petersburg da kuma makiyayarta. Ya kasance wani shahararren wakilin Art Nouveau style, sosai gaye a wancan lokacin. Kshesinskaia qasaita ya zama A. Gauguin muhimmanci aikin. TsarkinSa ya tabbata ga sunansa shekaru masu zuwa. Samun zakazchitsu kamar Matilda Kshesinskaya, shi ne babban rabo ga m, tun da shi ba skimp a kan halin kaka kuma ya shirye su m gwaje-gwajen.

A. von Gauguin fara gine-gine yi a 1877. Ya kuma yi wata diploma artist, halitta sassaka, fentin. Domin a yayin da ya yi aiki a matsayin m a ma'aikatar War: gina haikalin, gini jami'in majalisai, asibitoci. A 1903 da ya zama m na mallaka Kotun. Wannan ƙwarai kara yawan aristocratic abokan ciniki. Kuma wannan ne ya sa shi ya zo Kshesinskaya cewa duk rayuwata kokarin ceci m zuwa gidan sarauta. Gauguin samu wani gargajiya ilimi. Ya sauke karatu daga Academy of Arts, amma bi da bi daga cikin karni ne rayayye gina a cikin Art Nouveau style, masu tasowa, da kuma enriching style na sabon ado da kuma gine-gine da mafita.

Babban gine-gine da style na farkon XX karni Petersburg

Mansion yar rawa Kshesinskaia ya sadu da duk fashion yayi. Saboda haka, an tattauna gina gidan da m, nan da nan opted ga style of "zamani", wanda a wancan lokaci ya kasance mafi kyau da kuma haske a cikin gida gine. An bambanta da sha'awar yin amfani da halitta siffofin, ciki har da daban-daban abubuwa na Oriental gine-gine, a jitu hade da mai amfani da ilmi, craving domin ado, da karfi waje effects. Duk wannan shi ne daidai da lokacin da na juya na karni, idan akwai wani ji na canji na epochs, sai na tafi don bincika sabuwar siffofin, ideas, sabon canons na kyakkyawa. Gauguin wani wakilin farkon Arewa Art Nouveau a St. Petersburg. Its style of yi ya ba tukuna aka saukar a cika, amma duk da rarrabe fasalulluka na wannan Trend a cikin gine-gine ba.

Northern modernist style bambanta da jeri na bangaren na siffofin, da janye zuwa ga yin amfani da halitta kayan a cikin kayan ado, wani jitu selection na laushi da kuma kare cikin inuwõwi na halitta launuka. Gine-gine a cikin wannan style reminiscent na launi da kuma irin zane na na da gidãjen da kuma arewacin m gaba. Na fure kayayyaki, gama majolica bangarori da kuma mosaics - daya more alama ce ta wannan Trend. Facilities a cikin style bambanta da bambanci laushi, manyan, m siffofin, wani m iri-iri siffofin taga takware. Kshesinskaia qasaita a St. Petersburg ya zama na kirki misali na farkon arewacin zamani.

qasaita na'urar

qasaita gina a ra'ayin zo zuwa Matilda bayan haihuwar danta. A gidan a kan yawo des Inglés, shi zai iya ware daya kawai yaro ta daki, kuma ta so shi zuwa rayuwa ta ƙarfafawa tare da shi da kuma bayan da karuwa. Taru ba qasaita, Matilde bayyana buri na m. A ta memoirs ta rubuta cewa ta kayyade wasu daga cikin dakunan ciki karewa. Ta so sarari da kuma iyakar ta'aziyya. Kuma Kshesinskaia qasaita zama dangane da kyakkyawa da ta'aziyya. Yar rawa ba kawai ya so ya yi wani ra'ayi a kan baƙi da kuma kallo, amma kuma ya zauna tare da matsakaicin ta'aziyya.

Ƙaddarãwar qasaita ya sosai dadi. A da shi, duk abin da aka bayar. Akwai ma wani marmari miya dakin na biyu da dakuna: daya da aka sa mistresses tufafi, da sauran - da kayayyaki. Duk abin da aka ƙidaya. Matilda iya kawai aika bayanin lura zuwa baranya kabad number, sai ta aika ta so dress ko ina. A kitchen ya sosai fili da kuma siffofi da fasahar ta zamani. Ga sau da yawa Kshesinskaya gayyata bayan abincin dare.

A gidan yana dakin dabbobi da aka bayar: Djiby fox terrier, da shanu da cewa samar da yaro tare da sabo madara, aladu, da na awaki, tare da wanda Mathilde bayyana a cikin "Esmeralda". Har ila yau a cikin bangaren yana da wani raba wanki dakin, gareji domin biyu motoci. Ga baƙi a cikin gidan bayar da na marmari ruwan inabi cellar, wanda aka cika da kaina kula Prince Andrew. A gaban wani ɓangare na gidan ne a marmari suite na da dakuna, kowanne daga abin buga da style da ƙawa. Raba uwar gida alfahari zama marmari hunturu lambu.

The style da kuma gine na qasaita

Samar da wani daftarin da wani sabon gida, da m Gauguin zahiri sa a cikin ransa. Ya tunanin fitar kowane daki-daki, tare da fili bi buri umurce shi. Mansion Kshesinskaia yana da wani asymmetrical abun da ke ciki, ta da asali ne daga daidai kundin. A sabon abu gidan ne a gaskiyar cewa a gaban part, tuba zuwa ga Kronverkskiy prospectus, babu babban ƙofar. Yana da yake a ɓõye, a cikin wani karamin tsakar gida a waje, ƙõfõfin dutse shinge. Original facade bada free kari na windows na daban-daban masu girma dabam da kuma siffofi. Su takware dace da ciki layout na gabatarwa.

House shirin zaci cewa ƙananan part za a kasaftawa ga daban-daban ofisoshin, kuma za su zauna na farko bene jihar dakuna: a falo domin samun baƙi, cin abinci dakin, ballrooms. A karshen, ba zato ba tsammani, aka tsara a cikin nau'i na suite, reminiscent na Rahoto Ziyarar ciki. A lokaci guda zaman iyali bariki za a sanya a hawa na biyu: bedroom, miya, wanka, baby. Kuyanginku aka kasaftawa fairly fili, haske da dakuna. Matilda ba skimp a cikin wannan.

A facade aka yi wa ado da jan da launin toka dutse da kuma halitta haske ta tubalin da abubuwa na blue majolica da karfe kayan ado. Style - Northern modernist, wanda ya shafi hani da kuma ladabi. A gidan ba ya duba marmari a cikin bayyanar, amma ya bada alama na goge style.

ciki

Mansion MF Kshesinskaia aka tsara don girma sakamako su ciki. Domin ta rajista da aka amfani da duk mafi kyau. A furniture da aka yi umurni daga daya daga cikin mafi girma a manufacturer Melzer. Accessories, kayayyakinta, fitilu, chandeliers, tableware, yadudduka - kome saukar kankantarsa an umurce a cikin mafi kyau na gyaran gashi na Paris. Matilda so da mafi kyau da kuma ba su yi shakka a bayar wa.

A request uwar gida daya babban zauren da aka yi wa ado a cikin style of Louis XVI, na biyu - Rasha Empire. Ganuwar da farko dakin aka rufe da rawaya siliki, na biyu - fari. Bedroom ta fĩfĩta English style tare da farin furniture. The cin abinci dakin da falo da aka yi wa ado a wani zamani style. A ciki an dage farawa daga cikin daki-daki. Kome da kome - daga aron kusa ga chandeliers - m Dmitriev zabi daidai da ra'ayi na sarari. Saboda haka baƙi burge, ba kawai alatu, amma kuma cikakken jituwa da kuma mutuncin ciki da suke daidai jaddada rabbai da siffofi na da dakuna da kuma windows.

A tsakiyar rayuwar zamantakewa

Bayan gano gidan Kshesinskaia photo wadda samu a cikin jaridu, da ta zama wuri na high jama'a taro. Matilda ya alfahari da aikinsa, kuma ya shirye kusan su gudanar da yawon shakatawa. Daga cikin su sun kasance duk celebrities da lokaci. Sau da yawa ya ziyarci Yesenin da Aysedoroy Dunkan, wanda ƙwarai koma kusa da gidan ta farka. Kasance Chaliapin. Zo yar rawa abokin aiki Karsavina, Nijinsky, Pavlova. Sergei Diaghilev dogon zauna tare da Matilda, wanda ya m.

Kshesinskaya kaunace don tsara kide da gayyatar mafi kyau kida ga wannan. Alal misali, Italian star Lina Cavalieri. A gidan ne a wajensa ne Karl Faberezhe. Kuma, ba shakka, babban Kshesinskaia baƙi akwai wakilai daga gidan sararta. Ga sau da yawa aka gudanar receptions, gida wasanni, mirgina grand cin abinci. Ten shekaru Mathilde jagoranci wani farin ciki, na marmari rai a cikin qasaita, amma zo 1917. Duk abin ya canza.

juyin juya halin da sau

A karshen 1916, Matilda fara samun barazana haruffa, amma shi ne ba yawa to damu game da. A watan Fabrairu 1917, ta yi tsaye da fuska da juyin juya halin Musulunci canje-canje. A Fabrairu 28, da 'yan tawayen ya shigo gidan, ya fara fasa da kuma ansu rubuce-rubucen. Kshesinskaya tare da dansa sauri bar gidan, shan kirji tare da dukiya mai daraja. Kwana goma a gidan sarauta arbitrariness. Shi ne kawai a kan Maris 10 jami'in daga magajin gari ya iya bayyana sabis riƙe dabi'u, wanda aka sa'an nan canjawa wuri zuwa banki. Matilda ya dade kokawa domin su samu, amma shi bai taba samu. Duk da haka, mafi girma da wani ɓangare na abubuwa da cewa lokaci ya bace.

A juyin juya halin Musulunci jagoranci ya duba bayan gida-gida da hedkwatar nan. Kuma Kshesinskaia gidan "hatimi" da aka yanke shawarar a St. Petersburg. Watanni shida Mathilde kokarin kare su dama zuwa gidan kai ƙarar, jawabi zuwa Kerensky. A ko'ina samu Sanarwa labarai. Amma da gidan don haka babu wanda warware. A watan Yuli 1917 Kshesinskaya barin gida a Kislovodsk. Ta ya taba faruwa ba a ga gidanka.

tsawon Soviet mulki

Bayan 1917, da gidan da aka located, da Petrograd Soviet, sa'an nan - da Museum na juyin juya halin. A wannan lokacin, canza sunayen tituna. Kuma tambayoyi game da inda Kshesinskaia gidan (adireshin), da yadda za a kai shi, yana da muhimmanci sosai. Mazauna St. Petersburg na dogon lokaci zai yi don amfani da su da cewa titi yanzu ake kira Great gentry Kuibyshev. A qasaita a daban-daban sau ma housed Cibiyar Abinci, Society of Old Bolsheviks. Kuma har zuwa tsakiyar 30s, an yanke shawarar ba da ita ga wani gidan kayan gargajiya.

Museum da Mansion

A 1938, mun bude nan Sergei Kirov Museum. A wannan lokaci, halin da ake ciki na qasaita aka kusan gaba daya rasa. Akwai zauna kawai abubuwa na ciki zane. A shekara ta 1957, sa'an nan kuma haifar da wani Museum of juyin juya halin Musulunci da kuma mayar da halin da ake ciki na daya daga cikin ofisoshin da juyin mulkin shugabannin. Mansion Kshesinskaia aiki sa'o'i wanda yanzu tsare da gidan kayan gargajiya yanayin, da alaka da makwabtaka da gini - gidan na Baron Brant. A shekarar 1991 da hadaddun da aka bai wa Museum of Siyasa Tarihi na Rasha, kashi na nuni ne duqufar da sau da Matilda Kshesinskaia.

Rayuwa gidan yau

Kshesinskaia qasaita a St. Petersburg a yau, ya bayyana a biyu guises: ya ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin wani gidan kayan gargajiya na tarihi, amma da yawa daga baƙi zo nan don ka gani da kanka da guntattakin marmari ciki. Akwai zauna kadan daga fitments, amma dakuna ne kusan m. Mansion Kshesinskaia wanda adireshin ne yanzu a wuri na adabi da kuma m marece, ba ka damar ganin wani m, mai salo ideas na gine-ginen, kuma m kisa da ra'ayin. Kiyaye bene, dakunan, chandeliers ba wani tunani na sikelin da aikin. Mansion Kshesinskaia (St. Petersburg) yana da wadannan bude sa'o'i: daga 10 zuwa 18. A yau, janyo hankalin mai yawa baƙi da kuma mazauna arewacin babban birnin kasar, kamar yadda wani mai salo abu da kuma wuri inda rai ya dauki wani sabon abu mace.

qasaita Tatsũniyõyi

Kshesinskaia qasaita a St. Petersburg da kullum da aka tana tattare da daban-daban jita-jita, da kuma Legends. Ko a lokacin da gina mutane jita-jita: kudi domin irin wannan alatu gini ya ba da Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas II. Yana yana kan umarni hanya ƙarƙashin layin dogo da aka aza tsakanin gidan da Winter Palace. Wannan jita-jita da aka haka barga cewa ko a yau ma wasu baƙi son ganin gidan nasa idanu.

Har ila yau, qasaita Matilda Kshesinskaia, tarihi da kuma alatu da sha'awar da proletariat a ko'ina cikin post-neman sauyi makoma tare da jita-jita, game da taskarsu. Tun da kama da gini da aka hukumance samu ba sosai kayan ado da kuma alatu kayan, da mutane akwai wani labari cewa Matilda ya cushe duk dukiya mai daraja a cikin akwati da kuma boye. Same shi da nisa babu wanda ya iya. Wani birane jita-jita da alaka da hangen nesa daga cikin mace adadi a gidan ta windows. Mazauna Petrograd gefen ce cewa a dare akwai fatalwa haunting a yar rawa wanda ba zai iya raba da ta ƙaunataccen gida.

ban sha'awa facts

Kshesinskaia qasaita a St. Petersburg - wani wuri mai tarihi. A nan a 1917 daga baranda na ce jawabin Vladimir Lenin. Tun shekara ta 1938 an yi amfani da gidan kayan gargajiya na farko Kirov, sa'an nan - da juyin juya halin da kuma, a karshe, Rasha ta siyasa tarihi. Babbar tufafi na wata yar rawa, wanda yake a cikin qasaita aka kwace bayan juyin juya hali. Domin shekaru masu zuwa Aleksandru Kollontay, Rasha neman sauyi da kuma jami'in diflomasiyyar, za a iya gani a cikin riguna Matilda.