Kwanan baya yana nuna adadin polyneuropathy: bayanin, iri, haddasawa, bayyanar cututtuka da magani

Demyelinating polyneuropathy - tsanani cuta wadda yana tare da kumburi da jijiya tushen da hankali halakar da myelin daina kai hare hare. Tare da magani mai kyau da kuma dacewa da cutar zai iya kawar da shi, yana guje wa sakamakon ƙwarai. Abin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci a san ainihin mawuyacin abu da alamun cutar don ya isa likita a lokaci.

Menene cutar? Janar bayani

Nan da nan ya kamata a lura da cewa wannan cuta ba shi da isasshen isa - ga mutane dubu 100 kawai 1-2 suna fama da wannan cuta. Ƙarin manya suna da alaka da wannan cuta, duk da cewa duka mata da yara zasu fuskanci irin wannan ganewar. A matsayinka na mulkin, demyelinating polyneuropathy yana tare da ciwon kwakwalwa na tushen jijiya, sabili da haka rauni daga cikin tsokoki na ɓangaren ƙananan wuri da kuma kusa da ƙananan ƙafa sun taso. By hanyar, sau da yawa wannan cuta yana hade da ciwon Guillain-Barre. Kuma har yau ba a sani ba ko mai ciwon kumburi mai lalata ƙwayar polyneuropathy shine cuta daya ko daya daga cikin siffofin ciwon da ke sama.

Babban mawuyacin cutar

Abin baƙin ciki shine, dalilin da kuma ingancin ci gaban cutar ba a san su ba. Duk da haka, shekaru da yawa na bincike sun nuna cewa mummunar ƙaddara polyneuropathy shine cututtuka ne kawai. Don daya dalili ko wata, tsarin rigakafin fara fara gane kwayoyin jikinsu kamar kasashen waje, wanda ya haifar da samar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. A wannan yanayin, wadannan antigens suna kaiwa ga kyallen takalma na asalinsu, suna haifar da lalata suturar myelin, ta haifar da wani ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Saboda haka, asarar sunadaran dukiyar su, wanda ke haifar da wani ɓangaren ƙwarewar tsokoki da wasu gabobin.

A wannan yanayin, kamar yadda yake a kusan dukkanin cututtuka, akwai gadon jinsin. Bugu da ƙari, akwai wasu dalilai da yawa waɗanda zasu iya canza aikin da tsarin rigakafi. Wadannan sun hada da cututtuka da kuma cututtuka na asalin hormonal, damuwa mai tsanani da na jiki, damuwa, damuwa mai tsanani, cututtuka masu tsanani, kamuwa da jiki, maganin alurar riga kafi, tsoma baki.

Ƙinƙasar polyneuropathy: rarrabawa

A magani na zamani, akwai wasu makircinsu na rarraba wannan cuta. Alal misali, dangane da haddasawa, rashin lafiyar, traumatic, inflammatory, mai guba da wasu siffofin cutar sun ware. A kan pathomorphology akwai yiwuwa a rarrabe ainihin demyelinating da kuma axonal iri-iri polyneuropathy.

Bambanci yana da muhimmanci don magana game da yanayin yanayin cutar:

• Maganin ƙaddamar da polyneuropathy mai zurfi yana tasowa - hanzari da kuma motar motsa jiki ci gaba a tsawon kwanaki ko makonni.
• Yayin da cutar ta haifar da cutar ba ta da karfi, amma in mun gwada da sauri - daga 'yan makonni zuwa watanni shida.
• Anyi la'akari da yanayin polyneuropathy na yau da kullum mafi hatsari, tun da zai iya inganta asirce. Ci gaban cutar zai iya wucewa har tsawon shekaru.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka na cutar

Hoto na hoto a cikin irin wannan cuta ya dogara da dalilai masu yawa, ciki har da irin cutar da kuma dalilin ci gabanta, halaye na jikin mai haƙuri da kuma shekarunsa. Demyelinating polyneuropathy, yawanci a farkon matakai yana tare da tsoka rauni da kuma wasu azanci shine disturbances. Alal misali, marasa lafiya a wasu lokuta suna kokawa akan raguwa a hankali, a cikin ƙananan ƙafa, da abin da ke da ƙwaƙwalwa da jin dadi. Irin mummunar irin wannan cuta yana nuna alamar shingles mai tsanani. Amma idan muna magana ne game da lalacewa na yau da kullum na tushen jijiyar jiki, to, ciwon rashin ciwo bazai kasance mai lalacewa ko gaba daya ba.

Yayin da tsarin ya ci gaba, siffar ɓangaren ƙwayoyin suna bayyana. A lokacin jarrabawar, mutum zai iya lura da ƙananan rashawa ko rashin tsararraki ko kuma cikakkiyar ɓacewa. Mafi sau da yawa, tsarin demyelination yana rufe abubuwan da ke fama da ciwon daji, amma wasu jijiyoyi ba za a iya fitar da su ba. Alal misali, wasu marasa lafiya suna kokawa game da yawancin harshe da yanki a kusa da baki. Paresis na sama ba shi da yawa. A irin wannan jiha, yana da wuya ga mai haƙuri ya haɗiye abinci ko ci.

Axonal-demyelinating polyneuropathy: iri da kuma bayyanar cututtuka

Rushe rumbuna, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana haifar da cututtuka a jiki. Irin wannan nau'in cutar ya kasu kashi iri iri:

• M polyneuropathy a mafi yawan lokuta ne ya sa ta mai tsanani da guba kwayoyin (msl, wani oxide da arsenic da kuma sauran m gubobi). Kwayoyin cututtuka na rushewa na tsarin jinƙai sun bayyana da sauri - bayan kwanaki 14-21 da mai yin haƙuri zai iya lura da labarun ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan.
• Sakamakon irin wannan cututtukan na iya haifarwa ta hanyar guba da kuma mummunan lalacewar rayuwa. Babban bayyanar cututtuka na iya bunkasa na tsawon makonni (wani lokacin har zuwa watanni 6).
• Maganin lokaci-lokaci polyneuropathy ya tasowa sannu a hankali, wani lokaci duk tsari yana daukar fiye da shekaru biyar. A matsayinka na al'ada, wannan nau'in yana hade da kasancewar kwayar jigilar kwayoyin cuta, da kuma maye gurbin jiki (lura, alal misali, a cikin barasa mai yawan gaske).

Hanyar ganewar asali

Kwararrun likita ne kawai zasu iya gane "demyelinating polyneuropathy". Sakamakon wannan cuta wata hanya ce mai rikitarwa, wanda ya haɗa da mahimman bayanai. Da farko dai, jarrabawar jiki ta jiki da kuma tarin mikiye mafi girma. Idan haƙuri yana sensorimotor neuropathy cewa tasowa ba kasa da watanni biyu, to, shi ne mai kyau dalilin ga mafi m ganewar asali.

A nan gaba, a matsayin mai mulkin, ƙarin nazarin da aka gudanar. Alal misali, ƙididdigar jigilar motsa jiki tare da haruran motar zai iya nuna rashin karu a cikin ƙididdiga na ainihi. Kuma a cikin nazarin gwaje-gwaje na ruwa na cizon sauro akwai karuwa a matakin furotin.

Wane irin magani ne yake bayar da magani na zamani?

Abin da farfesa yake buƙatar demyelinating polyneuropathy? Jiyya a wannan yanayin ya ƙunshi matakai masu yawa, wato kawar da tsarin mai kumburi, kawar da aiki na tsarin rigakafi da goyon bayan sakamakon.

Yayin da ya zama mummunar zafi da kuma ciwon haushi mai tsanani, an umurci marasa lafiya kwayoyi masu tsinkewa da kwayoyin jini, wato corticosteroids. Mafi mahimmanci shine "Prednisolone" da analogs. Farka farawa tare da babban kashi, wanda aka rage kamar yadda bayyanar cututtuka ta ɓace. A matsayinka na mulkin, ƙarfin tsoka zai fara dawowa bayan 'yan makonni. Amma ya kamata a lura cewa amfani da wannan magani na dogon lokaci yana da mummunan tasiri.

Marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar sau da yawa yana bayar da shawarar plasmapheresis, wanda ke haifar da sakamako mai kyau kuma har ma ya sami gafara. Har ila yau, marasa lafiya suna da kwayoyi masu magani wanda zai iya kawar da aikin na tsarin rigakafi - suna buƙatar yin amfani da su a lokacin kusan dukan rayuwar. Daya daga cikin sababbin sababbin hanyoyin zamani shine intravenous immunoglobulin.

Bayani ga marasa lafiya tare da polyneuropathy

Sakamakon wannan yanayin yafi dogara ne da irin cutar, ingancin magani, da wasu halaye na mutum na kwayoyin halitta. Alal misali, mutanen da ke dauke da cututtukan cututtuka wadanda suka karbi aikin gaggawa, sun sha wahala sosai sakamakon cutar. Kodayake cikakke farfadowa ba kullum zai yiwu ba, mutane da yawa marasa lafiya suna komawa hanyar al'ada.

Amma ci gaba da lalata polyneuropathy, wanda ya ci gaba da hankali kuma har tsawon shekaru, zai iya haifar da tashin hankali a cikin aiki na tsarin jin kunya, nakasawa har ma da mutuwa. A hanyar, cutar mafi tsanani shine canjawa zuwa marasa lafiya.