Kwastan tariffs da iri

Kwastan aikinsu ne m biya cewa ana tuhumarsu da wakilan da kwastan hukumomin jihar a lokacin da ka matsar wani daga cikin dukiya ta hanyar da kwastan iyaka da ake kira. Irin wannan aiki a kowane ƙasar ne yawanci nauyin da jihar, musamman izini a kwastan harkokin iko. Alal misali, a cikin Rasha Federation ga Tarayya na kwastam.

Tun da Rasha, tare da Belarus da kuma Kazakhstan ne daya daga cikin kwastan jam'iyya halitta su, da rates da tariffs kafa ta aikinsu daidai da yarjejeniya a 2008 tsakanin gwamnatocin wadannan kasashe, da yarjejeniya "A wani hadade kwastan jadawalin kuɗin fito tsari." Amma daga biyu da rabi na 2010. A size daga cikin kudade kayyade a cikin karfi da sabon Shari'ar Rasha Federation "A Kwastan jadawalin kuɗin fito". Su size ne m da da irin kaya (bisa ga wani musamman rarrabuwa), kasar na asali, kazalika da gaban da yanayi a karkashin abin da musamman irin aikinsu ana amfani.

Ya danganta da inda ko daga mai shigowa dukiya, kwastan aikinsu suna bambanta da irin:

• shigo da (ko shigo da);
• fitarwa (ko fitarwa).
• sufuri.

Shigo da aikinsu ana gabatar a kusan dukkan kasashen duniya. Fici suna da yawa ƙasa da na kowa. Alal misali, a cikin Rasha Federation, wadannan aikinsu za su shafi kawai ga fitar dashi raw kayan (musamman, don mai). A halin yanzu, da World Trade Organization m aiki tare da dukkan membobinta, da nufin a total yarjejeniyoyin da fici. Santa kwastan aikinsu ba kusan amfani a duniya yi. A Rasha, da sufuri fee kudi ne ma sifili.

Amma ya fi na kowa shigo da aikinsu, a cikin Rasha Federation to tambaya bambancin tariffs cewa la'akari da kasa ta gado na dukiya. Wadannan tariffs ne da wadannan iri:

• tushe kudi (100% na jadawalin kuɗin fito). tambaya ga dukiya, kasar na asalin ake gane ta jihar, wanda Rasha sanya mafi fifiko al'umma magani a cinikin.
• matsakaicin kudi (200% na jadawalin kuɗin fito). Yana shafi dukiya wanda kasarsa ta asali a gane ta jiha, domin wanda Rasha ba ya samar da mafi-falala a kansu al'umma magani a cinikin.
• fifikon kudi (75% na jadawalin kuɗin fito). tambaya ga dukiya, kasar na asalin ake gane ta da ake kira kasashe masu tasowa.

Basic jadawalin kuɗin fito kudi amfani da Rasha kasuwanci da duk kasashen da wanda shi ya kafa tattalin arziki da cinikayya a tsakaninsu.

Game da aikinsu a kan dukiya wanda kasarsa ta asali ba zai yiwu a kafa, a wannan yanayin, akwai ake musamman tsara da Tarayya da na kwastam na kima umarnin.

Musamman hankali ya kamata a biya kwastan aikinsu a kan motoci a Rasha. Sun bambanta da yawa, kuma shi ne kai tsaye alaka da kasar membobinsu a cikin kungiyar WTO. Kuma wannan ya shafi duka shigo da sabon motoci da kuma amfani. Duk da haka, wadannan canje-canje zai shafi kawai motoci shigo da zuwa Rasha daga WTO memba - ƙasashe. A cewar wasu hukumomin, da kwastan da aikinsu a kan motoci (new) za a rage daga 30 zuwa 25% da zai zauna haka har shekara uku. Sai suka sa ran wani shekara-shekara akan rage game da 2.5% a cikin irin wannan hanyar da suka bayan shekaru 7 kai wani matakin na 15%.

A irin wannan tsarin da ake jiran da kuma amfani da ko sun kasance a cikin aiki da motocin. The wajibi ne kafa a 25%, amma tare da daban-daban "takamaiman" rates. Wannan shi zai zama na shekaru biyar sa'an nan phased shirya (2 years), Munã rage ta zuwa 20%. Amma ga motoci, wanda sarrafa kafin shigo cikin kasar na fiye da shekaru 7, da haraji a kan su kasance iri guda, watau 2.5 - 5.8 kudin Tarayyar Turai domin kowane "shigen sukari" na engine.