Mai yiwuwa - da ... Main Street kasashen

Kowane birni yana da hanyoyin. Yawanci, wannan shi ne babban dandalin birnin. Amma bari mu yi nazarin wannan batu daga ra'ayoyi na Rasha harshen da Urban Development.

Mai yiwuwa a Rasha

Bari mu fara da gaskiya cewa "mai yiwuwa" - kalmar da na kasashen waje asali. Wannan kalma na da Latin asalinsu. A Romawa kira da kalmar prospectus view of nan gaba ko nan gaba na zane.

A cikin Rasha da harshen, "Avenue" - wani Multi-mai daraja kalma. A farko da kai tsaye ma'anar kalmar - wani "m, a mike kuma mafi tsawo titi a cikin birnin ko hedkwatarsu." A cikin 'yan qasar harshen "hange" da aka gani a XVIII karni, a lokacin da Bitrus da Great gina St. Petersburg. Duk da yake mike da fadi da titunan St. Petersburg kira "pershpektivy". A kadan daga baya, kalmar samu wani zamani sauti da kuma rubuce-rubuce. Shahararren Nevsky Prospekt kira shekaru 300 da suka wuce: "The pershpektivnaya hanya abu da Nevsky sufi" ko "Neva pershpektiva". Modern rubuce-rubuce ta ci gaba ne kawai a karshen da XVIII karni.

Avenue a tsara birnin

Domin birni tanadi "Prospect" - yana daya daga cikin mafi girma da kuma babban titunan birnin ko wannan titi, wanda ta haɗu da makwabtaka sassa na birnin. Gine-ginen baiwa Avenue da dama fasali.

Top fasali na birane babban tini

Gine-ginen da kuma birane sãka wamãkirci sun zo ga ƙarshe cewa prospectus dole ne wasu halaye. Bari mu dubi su:

• babu prospectus kada ta kasance a matattu karshen.
• (!) - farkon da kuma / ko ƙarshen babban tini ne kawai yankin na mahada da kuma harkokin sufuri.
• a kowace harka, da prospectus ya kamata a yi ta hanyar nassi.
• a irin wannan babban titi ya kamata a kasaftawa manyan yankunan domin tafiya a ƙasa mararraba motsi ba tare da compromising da ya kwarara daga motocin.
• kudin tafiya da jama'a kai - da babban titunan birnin zai tafi birni zirga-zirga.

Idan wadannan alamu sun bace, mafi m da sunan "Avenue" da aka bayar da su titi da dokoki na gari shiryawa. Amma birni hukumomi da dama da nufin su yi amfani da wannan sunan to titi, dangane da, misali, siffofin ko toponymic hadisai.

A birane da miliyoyi, akwai 'yan hanyoyin. A daidai wannan lokaci, misali, a Novosibirsk akwai ba biyu ko uku tituna suna hanyoyin, da kuma fiye da:

• Red (6492 mita).
• Dzerzhinsky.
• Dimitrova.
• Maritime.
• Komsomol.
• Magina.
• University.
• Karla Marksa.

Novosibirsk yawa imani da cewa Red Avenue - mafi tsawo titi a cikin birnin. Amma wannan ba shine al'amarin ba. A tsawon na Red prospectus ne 6492 mita. A gaskiya, da rikodin ga mafi tsawo a Novosibirsk - Pervomayskaya st. Its tsawon shi ne daidai 7 kilomita.

Moscow Ƙasidu

A lexicon na Muscovites "Avenue" ya bayyana a shekara ɗari bayan bayyanar St. Petersburg. A sosai tsawon lokaci da wannan kalma da suka kira mike lungu a lambuna da gonakin. Izmailovo Park tun farkon karni na ashirin, ya kiyaye da sunan lungu, hanyoyin: Elaginsky, Moscow, Izmailovo da Mutane.

Moscow babban layin fara da za a kira "hanyoyin" kawai a tsakiyar karni na ashirin, bayan 1950.

Yau a Moscow akwai tituna suna haka suna fadi da kuma dogon. Ƙasidu aza kusa Moscow Jami'ar Jihar a kudu maso yammacin babban birnin: Vernadsky, Lomonosov, University da Michurinsky.

Ƙasidu Petersburg

Yawo a St Petersburg da jirgin sama, za ka iya ganin ta tituna. Sun yi kama da wani ado ado da cewa gaba da wasan kwaikwayo da gadoji a kan m surface na glittering jam'i na koguna da canals.

Mai yiwuwa St. Petersburg - yana da tarihin da memory na manyan mutanen da suka rayu da dama ƙarni a baya. Its tituna - yana da wani irin heroes of wallafe-wallafen ayyukan Pushkin, litattafan Gogol da Dostoevsky. Wuce ta cikin tarihi cibiyar na arewacin babban birnin kasar hanyoyin Nevsky, Hawan Yesu zuwa sama, Admiralty, Girkanci, da dai sauransu.

Wurin hutawa titi na St. Petersburg

Nevsky Prospect - a katin kira na gari. Bisa ga muhimmancin da shi za a iya kwatanta ta da Moscow Arbat Street ko da Champs Elysees a Paris. Tsawon Neva line kan 4 kilomita. An located a kan shahara Admiralty zuwa Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Wannan Laurel kuma ya ba da sunan hanya. Ra'ayi cewa babban tini an mai suna bayan Bitrus da babban kogin - erroneous. Babu damar zuwa kogin. Amma da hange na da dama da gadoji a kan Fontanka, kwatami, da dai sauransu Famous gadoji Nevsky:

• Anichkov.
• Green.
• Kazan.

A 1871, da sunan "Nevsky Prospect" birni hukumomi sun amince. Amma babban thoroughfares birnin da aka sake masa suna a 1918. Mun kira ta "Ave 25th Oktoba '.

Nevsky karya hanyar da a haɗa shi da sabon bangare na gari tare da Admiralty. A wannan lokaci, da sufaye sharewa nasa hanya. Gina hanya na tsawon shekaru shida. Yana wuya, saboda a kan hanya Route Nevsky hadu swamps da Marshes. Wannan hanya a takaice sharuddan zama mashahuri. Bitrus ya ba da domin ya gina gada 'yan sanda (Green), kuma ba "Neva pershpektivu".

Saboda haka, mai yiwuwa - da babban dandalin birnin, wanda shi ne quite m da kuma dogon. Yana kasaftawa ga tafiya a ƙasa mararraba zone ba tare da taushẽwarsu da motsi na motocin. Har ila yau a babban hanyoyi kamata je jama'a kai cewa zai kawo 'yan ƙasa a cikin cibiyar na outlying yankunan birnin.