Matsa lamba Units

mutãne karo na farko da fuskantar matsalar aunawa da matsa lamba a gina marẽmari a Florence. Abin farin ga magina a zaune likita Torricelli, wanda ya koma da matsala daga cikin gine-gine, a cikin Lab, ya maye gurbin ruwan da Mercury ga mafi m kwarewa.

Tarihi ya bar shaidar yadda bude na Italian likita ya taimaka da magina, amma gaskiyar cewa mutãne ya samu shaida akan wanzuwar na yanayi matsa lamba, shi ne undeniable.

Torricelli baton tsince a babban Blez Paskal, wanda ya iya gwada yanayi matsa lamba da kuma tabbatar da empirically cewa shi ya dogara da tsawo saman teku matakin. Saboda haka, na farko matsa lamba naúrar aka bayyana Hg tsawo auna a inci, kuma magincirõri. Quite ta halitta, da zamani raka'a matsin ji an mai suna bayan da biyu masana kimiyya.

Domin aunawa da matsa lamba amfani daban-daban kida. A mafi sauki - wani ruwa manometer. An ce, ya firtsi na da hannu a Leonardo Vinci, amma kuma ga cewa ya m zato babu amfani a rayuwarsa.

Kawai daga lokacin Pascal don auna matsa lamba fara amfani da U-dimbin yawa tube cika da Mercury. Daga bisani, da Mercury aka maye gurbinsu da injin mai.

A hali na daidaita matsin lamba a duka biyu na ƙyallen maƙalawa a tube ruwa matakin ne guda, a lokacin da matsa lamba da aka yi amfani da daya ƙarshen tube akwai tsawo bambanci.

P * (1) -P * (2) = gph, inda g - hanzari da yardar kaina fadowa jiki, P - ruwa yawa, h - tsawo bambanci a cikin manometer ruwa matakan.

Duk da cewa ruwa manometers da high ji na ƙwarai, su filin daga aikace-aikace da aka quite iyakance saboda su girma, rashin jin dadin a amfani, da kuma mun gwada da kananan ma'auni range, daga 20 kPa zuwa 140 kPa.

Tare da ci gaba na fasaha da aka girma a shahararsa fara kai matsa lamba gauges da Bourdon tube, a cikin wasu kalmomi suna kira nakasawa. Ciki da wannan ma'auni ne C-dimbin yawa tube tagulla tare da wani kaya inji. Lokacin da matsa lamba ne amfani da free ƙarshen tube an mike, da kaya motsa kibiya dake nuna adadin matsa lamba a kan kammala karatunsa sikelin da na'urar. A mafi hadaddun da siffar da tube, da karami da kuskure ne wani kayan aiki.

Inji gauges ana amfani da aunawa da matsin lamba daga 40 kPa zuwa 100MPa. Suna halin tabarbarewar da ji daidaito a lokacin ci gaba da aiki. Wannan shi ne saboda da m nakasawa da aiki kashi.

Domin ji na pulsating matsa lamba daga sama zuwa 8 * 10 ^ 3 GPA amfani piezoelectric gauges.

Tarihi, cewa matsa lamba da raka'a suna ba da alaka da juna ke ninkin, ga alama cewa a nan akwai cikakken hargitsi. A general dabara domin matsa lamba ji kamar haka: P = F / S inda P - matsa lamba, F - karfi, S - yanki. A cikin SI tsarin, da karfi ne auna a Newtons, da murabba'in mita - sa'an nan da matsa lamba naúrar girma ne n / m ^ 2, da kuma shi ne ake kira Pascal. Duk da haka, a yi sau da yawa amfani da mafi da kuma yanayi, sanduna, kafafen mmHg mm ruwa shafi, kg / cm ^ 2.

Bari mu yi kokarin bayyana wannan batu. Raka'a yanayi matsa lamba - wannan mmHg ko Ki; kamar yadda ka sani, soma a matsayin misali yanayi matsa lamba ne 760 mm Hg - wannan darajar da aka kira da yanayi. mashaya ne kamar daya yanayi - shi ne wani tsohon naúrar GHS. har yanzu akwai fasaha yanayi, wanda shi ne daidai da daya kg / cm ^ 2 - duk wadannan dabi'u da ake amfani da Common Units na gas matsa lamba ji. mm ruwa shafi da ake amfani a hydraulics kuma shi ne 13.6 torus. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin kimiyyar lissafi Pascal da kuma Kalam daga gare ake gane kamar guda tsarin matsa lamba raka'a.