A mafi kyau iri na plums ga Tsakiya Rasha

Magudana a kasar mu ga da shahararsa shi ne na uku bayan da apple da kuma ceri tabo. Duk da haka, akwai wasu matsalolin da ta m namo cikin Rasha. Babban dalilin shi ne, ba shakka, da rashin hunturu hardiness idan aka kwatanta da wannan apple itãciya, kuma ko da wani ceri. Kuma ko da yake da dutse 'ya'yan itace ne ba a kan fari a jerin marmari gõnaki na kyauta, da' ya'yan itatuwa bisa ga dandano, da darajar da abun ciki na amfani abubuwa a wata hanya ba, baya ga wasu 'ya'yan itãcen marmari.

janar bayanai

Plum taba m. Yana da amfani ba kawai arziki a cikin abubuwan da alama bitamin, kamar riboflavin, A, E, C, B1, da sauransu. D. Kawai a cikin kwatami a cikin manyan yawa akwai irin wannan muhimmanci da samfurin, kamar pectin, wanda, maido da metabolism da kuma kunna aikin na ciki da kuma hanjinsu, kuma yana tsarkake cikin jini. Kuma shi ne ya ingancin kamar yadda su hana abin da ya faru na ciwon daji Kwayoyin da aka gano a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Babban abun ciki na pectin iya fariya da cikakken duk irin plums.

Manyan, zaki ...

Ga tsakiyar ɓangare na Rasha har wasu lokaci namo wannan, ba shakka, shi ne ba kawai dadi, amma kuma amfani da al'adun da aka dangantawa da wasu matsaloli. Duk da haka, kwanaki lokacin da sallama aka dauke zalla kudancin shuka, ya dade da suka wuce shige. Godiya ga halittar sabon, mafi hunturu-Hardy jinsunan, a yau wannan al'ada ne sau da yawa gani a gidãjen Aljanna a arewacin yankunan kasar mu, tare da togiya daga cikin permafrost.

Mafi na kowa irin plums

Nagari iri ga tsakiyar Rasha suna da yawa da za su iya rufe agrokartu kasar mu daga mafi kudancin yankunan up to Far East. Domin zabi da hakkin irin na musamman sauyin yanayi zone, kana bukatar ka yi nazarin a daki-daki, ta halaye.

Yau, da yawa daga cikin yankunan girma plum, amma sau da yawa ba a low yawan amfanin ƙasa, ko duka biyu ba da 'ya'ya a. Masana sun bayyana wannan da cewa shi ne - iri da cewa shayarwa da dogon shawarci ba shuka. A halin yanzu, yana da daraja da biyan hankali ga sabon da kyau-da tabbatar fadin kasar jinsunan ba kawai ba high da ake samu, amma kuma halin da manyan da kuma dadi 'ya'yan itace.

Features

Nasarar da wani girma itace dogara a kan yadda ya kamata a zabi plum iri. Nagari ga tsakiyar band Rasha views ya kamata da farko hunturu hardiness, high amfanin ƙasa, kuma manyan-fruited. Bugu da kari, tare da sayan seedlings shi wajibi ne don tambaya samoplodnye jinsuna ko samobesplodny. A cikin farko case, 'ya'yan itãcen bayyana a cikin itacen, ko da lokacin da babu wani pollination. Duk da yake kusan duk irin plums ga tsakiyar Rasha tsara da kuma related samobesplodnym, ko halin high yawan aiki, amma suna da daya drawback. A cikin gonar gaba da su dole bukatar shuka sauran iri pollination, kuma wadanda za Bloom a lokaci guda tare da su.

A lokacin da zabi seedlings bukatar la'akari da lokaci idan akwai 'ya'yan itãcen marmari ripening. Manufa zai zama wani zaɓi idan akwai wata damar saka a shafin kamar farkon da kuma tsakiyar da kuma pozdnoplodonosyaschie iri. Na farko shi ne a dubi iri regionalized, wanda da yawa sun shũɗe da tabbaci lokaci da kuma aiki da kyau a takamaiman yankunan. Suna kunshe a cikin database na Jihar Register na shuka kiwo, inda za ka iya ganin rabo na zones.

A mafi nasara jinsunan

Shi ne da kanta da-kafa "farkon bayyanar 'ya'yan," "kwai blue", "blue kyauta", "Eurasia 21" da sauransu. D. Su jẽranta daban-daban kungiyoyin na ripening. Alal misali, wata na kowa plum Greengage a tsakiyar kayan girbi a karshen watan Yuni zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuli. Early ne "safe", "sosai a farkon", "opal" "Zarechnaja farko" da kuma t. D. Irin plums ga tsakiyar ɓangare na Rasha, wanda cikin sharuddan ripening bayan duk - wannan "Timiryazeva memory" da "greengage Tambov".

cikakken kwatancin

"Kwai Blue" - wani hunturu-Hardy kuma fairly tsayi itacen, ba blue-m 'ya'yan itace da wani lokacin farin ciki waxy shafi. A siffar da irin plums ga tsakiyar ɓangare na Rasha yayi kama da wani kwai. View samoplodnye shi dauke, amma yana daya drawback - da rashin zaman lafiya da cuta.

Sauran iri - "smolinka" - yana da manya-manyan da kuma mamaki dadi. Duk da haka, shi ne samobesplodnym. Saboda haka mai son lambu dasa kusa da "kwai blue", "blue kyauta", "wani Hungarian Muscovite" ko "safe".

A karshen sa daga tsallaka Faransa "greengage ulensa" da kuma gida iri "rareripe ja." Duka wadannan iri, ko da yake malozimostoykie, amma da sauri dawo dasu, ko da bayan karfi daskarewa. Kuma a shekara ta huɗu bayan dasa, lambu sarrafa tattara game da ashirin da biyu kilo ja-purple 'ya'yan itace da wani babban m siffar da tantalizing dadi-m iyawa da kowane itace. Duk da haka, wannan irin bayan hunturu da wuya sanyi iya gushe ba da 'ya'ya. Bugu da kari, da "safe" - jera samoplodnye sa. Its yawan amfanin ƙasa ne ƙara muhimmanci a lokacin da dasa kusa da wadannan irin plums suna shawarar for tsakiyar Rasha, a matsayin "greengage kolkhoz", "Rakitovo" ko "Hungarian Moscow."

A mafi rare iri

Domestic growers kaunace "Sineglazka". Yana sredneroslye bushes tare da m kambi. Su Babban amfani ne da ya karu hunturu hardiness. A general, da yawa daga cikin mafi kyau iri na plums ga tsakiyar Rasha ne samobesplodnymi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari "Sineglazka" nunarsa a lokacin rani marigayi. Su ne m da karami, da duhu blue color kuma m-zaki da dandano, wanda yake ba a cikin kadan astringency. lambatu "rareripe ja" domin pollination na itatuwa da wannan nau'in kamata girma kusa ko damson irin seedlings.

lafiya dace da "Alex" to tsakiyar Rasha. Yana wakiltar wani low itace girma a rabin mita ko dan kadan a sama, tare da tashe madauwari kambi. A 'ya'yan itatuwa da ya balagagge marigayi - a lokacin rani marigayi. Tare da wani balagagge itace a yarda da duk aikin gona nagartacce za a iya tattara game da goma sha biyar kilo pear-dimbin yawa blue-Violet plums da kyau tsawaita daga ɓangaren litattafan almara na kashi.

"Timiryazeva Memory" - wanda mafi wakilin iri-iri na rawaya plums ga tsakiyar Rasha - tsallaka "Victoria" da aka kaddamar da "Skorospelka ja." A cikin kusan uku-mita itatuwa drooping taso kambi. Kamar "Victoria" da "kwai blue" ko wasu irin plums ga tsakiyar ɓangare na Rasha (samoplodnye kullum sosai yaba daidai wannan quality) ga daskarewa da sauri mayar da. "Memory Timiryazev" fruiting a watan Satumba. Tare da kowane itacen da za ka iya tattara zuwa talatin da biyar kilo plums. A launi shi rawaya da wani m blush kyau mai dadi 'ya'yan itace da kadan m. Suna da kyau hawa, ba kwasfa, da kuma iya nunarsa a ajiya.

hybrids

Plums suna shawarar for tsakiyar Rasha, kusan duk an samu a sakamakon dogon lokacin da gwaje-gwajen kimiyya Agronomists. Bugu da ƙari kuma, shayarwa sun iya hada yawa m halaye a wasu subspecies. Alal misali, an halitta da mafi kyau iri na plums - to tsakiyar Rasha da kuma ko da ga mafi arewacin yankunan - tare da babban Na'urar Properties ta wanzu a gwada matsananci yanayin. Wadannan halaye an dauke su high da macrocarpa hardiness da kuma ingantattun quality, da sauransu. D.

Don kwanan wata, godiya ga nasarar shayarwa, lambu da damar da na girma plums da Nonchernozem yankin, a yankunan da mutuncin winters - har zuwa arba'in da darajõji sanyi.

haye Greengage

Subspecies hada a cikin wannan kungiyar ne high quality-iri, ba zagaye manyan 'ya'yan itãcen marmari. Su ne m, kuma m jiki, da kyau a rabu da kashi. Greengage a kasar mu regionalized da dama iri. A musamman, ga tsakiyar band ne mai girma "greengage kolkhoz", wanda ya tashi a sakamakon interbreeding da damson da kuma kudancin kore views. Crohn ta a cikin wannan aji taso keya da kuma itacen tsawo ya kai har zuwa uku mita. Girma "greengage kolkhoz" shi ne zai yiwu ma a cikin unguwannin bayan gari. Duk da haka, ya samobesplodny, amma saboda shi dole bukatar hure da za a shuka a kusa da nan.

Daga "Skorospelka ja" da "kore greengage" sa "Sukhanovskaya" da wani talakawan hunturu hardiness aka kaddamar. Ya tsawo - game da mita uku. Wannan magudana - samobesplodnaya, don haka wajibi ne don a samar da amfanin gona zuwa girma na gaba "greengage gama gona" ko "Hungarian Moscow."

Dasa da kuma kula

Iri da shawarar for namo a tsakiyar ɓangare na kasar, shi ne shawarar shuka a spring. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa, a lokacin da sanya shi a cikin ƙasa seedlings suka fada, ba su da lokacin da za a yi tushen da kyau da kuma girma da karfi a cikin hunturu da sanyi sau da yawa daskare.

Dasa rami, duk da haka, za a iya shirya kafin lokaci, a watan Oktoba-Nuwamba, ko a farkon spring, makonni biyu kafin dasa. Tana da zurfi ya kamata game da sittin santimita tare da diamita na 60-70 cm A kasar gona dauka fita daga rami, gauraye da humus da kuma canja baya.

A tsakiyar zurfafa rammed wani katako kan gungumen azaba. An daura wa seedling. Tushen bukatar cika up saman Layer na kasar gona ba tare da taki, kawai ɗauka da sauƙi tamping hannuwa kamar yadda foda zuwa kusa da su ne hagu voids.

A farko shekaru biyu ko uku bayan dasa plum gonaki a tsakiyar rariya kawai bukatar amfani da gina jiki kara da dasa rami. Kuma kawai sai ka iya a kan bishiya yin ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya.

An muhimmin taron a kula da plums azurta girma a tsakiyar yankin na kasar mu, ne m kau na tushen seedlings, wanda zai iya bayyana a kusa a cikin manyan lambobi da kuma haifar da wani yawa na rashin jin dadin. Cire su kasance har zuwa sau biyar a kan rani, don haka kamar yadda ba ya raunana da uwar shuka da kuma rage yawan aiki.

Features na namo

Duk irin plums, ya haye, m ga takin don sakawa na tsakiyar kasar Rasha. A farkon spring kakar kuma a lokaci bayan flowering, kana bukatar ka nema nitrogen hadi, bayar da tasu gudunmuwar da matsakaicin tsanani da ci gaban da itatuwa. A cikin rabi na biyu na girma mataki za ka bukatar ka ba ne riga nitrogen-potash da phosphate takin, waxanda suke da zama dole ga jari a cikin 'ya'yan gina jiki. Kula da balagagge itatuwa na duk irin plums ma ya hada da pruning da kuma thinning 'ya'yan itace.

Ga nasara namo wannan al'ada a tsakiyar rariya a cikin gidãjen Aljanna a zabi da hakkin wuri domin ta. Plum dandano halaye ne sosai dogara a kan zafin jiki a lokacin da dumi kakar. The m bazara tare da sanyi da kuma ruwa weather iri suna shawarar domin wadannan yankuna ba zai iya samun sugar, kuma sabõda haka sũmasu sourish. Saboda haka, suna dasa a wata mai haske wuri, inda da yawa daga rana.