Mene ne wani gallery? definition

Mutane da yawa sun ji Maganar "Gallery". Daga ina ta zo, abin da iri galleys san abin da ya na musamman a wadannan kotuna da cewa su aka gina ko a tsarist Rasha? Bari mu sami amsoshin duk wadannan tambayoyi.

Mene ne wani gallery?

Wannan kalma da aka kira na musamman irin seagoing jirgin ruwa a kan wanda wani tuki da karfi amfani oars. A wannan yanayin ma galleys sun filafili yawanci triangular.

Musamman rare, jirãge mãsu gudãna amfani da fashi da matuƙan. Duk da yake sauran iri tasoshin sau da yawa amfani cinikayya.

A etymology na kalmar "galley"

A karo na farko da sunan "galley" rubuce ta Helenawa. Bã su da irin wannan jirgin ruwa da aka kira kalma γαλέη, wanda daga baya ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa Latin lokaci galea.

Bayan da Romawa, da sunan ya samu kusan dukan harsunan Turai, inda ya kuma kiyaye wannan rana. Godiya ga wasu daga cikinsu, da kalmar "galley" ya unknown ga Rasha harshe. Kuna hukunta da rubuce-rubuce, bayan Latin, shi da aka aro daga Italiyanci (galera), sa'an nan ko dai ta hanyar da Polish (galera), ko ta hanyar da Jamusanci (Galeere), ko ta hanyar Faransa (galère) ya fadi a cikin Rasha.

Shakka muka sani cewa mai suna za a iya aro daga harshen Turanci, kamar yadda shi ya rasa harafin "p" - juya a cikin wani galley, wanda zai iya ba amma shafar Rasha kuskure.

A bit game da tarihin galleys

Mene ne galley, kazalika da asalin na lokaci an riga an tattauna a sama. Yanzu kula da tarihin wannan irin jirgin.

Saboda gaskiya cewa a cikin tsohon jiragen da aka gina na itace, to wannan rana zauna kadan guda, wadda za ku iya sanin daidai da abin da shi da ake amfani da jiragen ruwa a wannan zamanin na cikin tarihin duniya. Duk da wannan, da masu bincike bayar da shawarar cewa kotuna, kama da galleys, matuƙan rayayye swam a cikin kwanaki na Ancient Misira da kuma Phenicia.

Fiye da bayanai da aka adana a kan yin amfani da wadannan kotuna a zamanin tsohuwar Girka. An yi imani da cewa galleys a cikin wannan jiha aiki a matsayin warships ko da shekaru 800 BC Bayan da fashion na Helenawa da Romawa soma irin wannan jirgin ruwa, da kuma a bãyansu dukan ƙasashe da cewa yana da damar zuwa Bahar Rum.

Bugu da kari ga Helenawa, musamman shahara ga yin amfani da Baturke galleys. Saboda da babban gudun da maneuverability na wannan jirgin ruwa, sun iya rike mutane da yawa ƙarni magabaci a cikin soja iko.

A cikin Rasha Empire, da farko gallery bayyana a cikin na biyu rabin XVII. Halittar zane da kuma gina shi ne saboda tasirin Peter I. Ya gudanar da jiragen ruwa da irin wannan sun zama wani gagarumin sifa a cikin sojan ruwa arsenal na daular har zuwa karshen da XVIII karni. Suka kuwa taimaki a nan gaba Rasha-Turkish yaƙe-yaƙe. Amma da suka kasance sunã daga baya fitar da tasoshin da tururi injuna.

Abin da iri galleys wanzu a cikin tsohon kwana

Mene ne galley da muka samu. Yanzu mun san abin da iri akwai wadannan jiragen ruwa:

• Galley-shegu sun kasa gudu da kuma maneuverability. Amma saboda su jiki girma da suka sanya mafi nauyi fiye da saba a kan warships. Saboda wannan dukiya a kan wadannan galleys shiga jirgin ruwa mafi yawa yan kasuwa daga lokacin da Ancient Duniya.
• Zenzilnye galleys - sun kasance real fada jirgin. Sun kasance sũ ne m? Aki, amma mafi sauri. Irin wannan jirgin ruwa da aka rayayye yi amfani domin fama ayyukan. Bayan wadannan tasoshin da aka yi falala a kansu nufin fashin teku motsi.

Har ila yau galleys kasu kashi uku iri, bisa ga yawan bencina domin shugabancin tsere.

• Brigantine suka ƙidaya takwas.
• Galeoty - goma sha huɗu ga ashirin.
• Fust - daga goma sha takwas zuwa ashirin da biyu.

The wuya rayuwa na shugabancin tsere a cikin galleys: Gaskiya ko Fiction

Saboda babban tuki kashi na galleys kasance oars, ya kamata ka kula da daya wanda yana zaune a kan su. Bisa ga sanannen imani, a rower a kan wani galley - bawa, gilla azabtar shugabansu. A gaskiya, a kasashe daban-daban da kuma a daban-daban sau da shugabancin tsere damu ba guda.

Saboda haka a cikin kwanaki na zamanin d Girka da kuma Roman Empire a kan warships shugabancin tsere sau da yawa sun musamman horar da sojoji. Aikinsu da aka mutunta da kuma kyau biya.

A wannan yi aka yi amfani a lokacin da tsakiyar zamanai. Bayan duk, da jirgin ya gudãna na dogon lokaci da kuma shi ne mai hadarin gaske. Saboda haka, waɗanda swam a galleys, fĩfĩta su amince da ransa sana'a shugabancin tsere. Kuma suka, bi da bi, ya da wani amfani a tabbatar da cewa su ma'aikata swam a amince da manufa da kuma albashin na su.

Amma, kusa da farkon na XVII karni, a lokacin da galleys hankali ya fara da za a maye gurbinsu da sabon karin ci-gaba da iri, daga jirgi, akwai wani hadisin yi amfani da matsayin kwale -. Mai laifi da kuma bayi. Kuma a kan Kirista jiragen kwale kãmamme Musulmi da mabiya Annabi Muhammad bautar shugabancin tsere-Orthodox kuma Katolika.

Tare da aka gano Amirka da kuma farkon ciniki zamanin baƙar fata, da galleys kasance mafi kusantar su yi amfani da bayi daga Afirka.

A daidai wannan lokaci da kowa da kowa a kowane lokaci ga shugabancin tsere da aka bi da yawa fiye da bayi a kan ƙasar. Tun da sun dogara da rayuwa da ƙungiya, su ne quite m abinci, duba bayan su da lafiya kuma aka ba lokacin hutu. Lalle ne, a cikin taron na mutuwa a kan mafi yawansu, da jirgin za su yi don su zauna a oars.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura cewa mutane da yawa laifin sun fi son wani fiye da shugabancin tsere a cikin galleys fiye da a kurkuku. Bayan dukan shugabannin jirãge sau da yawa bi da su da yawa fiye da tsare.

Modern "galley"

A m da su ne galleys. Yau za su iya a samu kawai a gidajen tarihi. Duk da haka, a cikin Turkey akwai mai Popular biki makõma, sunansa shi ne baƙi to da kalmar "Gallery". Wadannan ra'ayoyi game da biyar-star Hotel Galeri Dabbab ( «Galeri Dabbab"), located a kan Rum Coast (birni na Alanya). Duk da sananne 5 taurari, wannan wuri shi ne har yanzu baya ga da dama Rum makõma located a cikin wasu kasashe.

Idan na kudade ba ya ba da damar da suke ciyarwa a hutu a wani biyar star Galeri Resort, za ka iya samun wani hotel a Alanya - "Gallery» (Galeri 4), ga misali. Ya karkara wuri a cikin wannan birni da kuma, ko da yake mafi ƙaranci daga gare kawai daya star waccan mujalla da muka Galeri Dabbab 5, shi ne wani babban wuri don shakata. Yana zai zama tsada sosai ga masu rinjaye na cikin gida da yawon bude ido.

Bugu da kari ga Turkish sunan hotel, a tune da kalmar "Gallery" ne da sunan wani dukan tarin irin dahlias - "Gallery» (Gallery). Wannan jerin kunshi 17 iri. Kowane daga cikinsu an mai suna a cikin girmamawa wani shahararren artist, misali, ko Gallery Pablo Gallery Rembrandt. A peculiarity na iri "Gallery" shi ne cewa su ba kawai da kyau sosai, amma kuma resistant zuwa Météo cũta.