Nuthatch Common: description, mazauninsu, haifuwa

Coachman, nuthatch ko talakawa - a kananan tsuntsu na iyali nuthatch, wanda shi ne mai tartsatsi ne a arewacin Afirka, Asiya da Turai. Yana za a iya samu a tsakiyar Rasha da kuma a Siberia. Akwai breeds a gauraye, deciduous da coniferous gandun daji, a cikin lambuna da gonakin ƙauyuka. Nuthatch talakawa a search abinci tare da kalmomin sirri motsa ta hanyar rassan da kututturan itatuwa, sau da yawa juye.

description

Wannan kananan m tsuntsu kai 14.5 cm a tsawon, tare da wani nauyi na 25 g da wani wingspan na 27 cm. tare da wani babban shugaban, lokacin farin ciki da kusan imperceptible, a takaice wuyansa. A plumage ne lokacin farin ciki, Fluffy. Shafi dabam dangane da mazauninsu, da babba jiki ne kamar haka ko da yaushe yana daban-daban tabarau na blue-m launi. A kudu maso yammacin Asiya, yammacin Turai da kuma Caucasus yana Ginger ciki da fari Chin zuwa wuyansa. A arewa na low fari da ja tarnaƙi, haka ma, chestnut podhvostem tare da zane na farin launi.

Nuthatch talakawa, hotuna na wanda aka gabatar a wannan labarin, suna zaune a gabashin ɓangare na kasar Sin, shi yana da gaba daya ja kasa. A Far Eastern jinsunan fari gashinsa ƙirãza. A cikin matsananci tuƙi gashinsa ko da yaushe suna da fari aibobi. Daga farkon baki ga nape na wuyansa ne mai duhu a kwance stripe. Baki m, a mike kuma dogon, launin toka. A karkashi aka aiko gaba m bristles. Taso fuka-fuki, short, da goma farko gashinsa. Short, mike wutsiya. Kafafu da suke da karfi, da launin toka-kasa-kasa, tare da tenacious dogon fika, daidai saba da wani aiki hawa itatuwa. Mace da namiji daga juna zahiri ba daban-daban, kawai dan kadan ya fi girma fiye da namiji.

yankin

A cikin gandun daji na Palaearctic (mafi na Asia, Turai da kuma Afirka ta Arewa) ne tartsatsi nuthatch talakawa. Bird photos aka gabatar a wannan labarin da ake samu kusan ko'ina a Turai. A kan ƙasa na kasar mu daga arewa gaci yanki yana da iyaka zuwa fadar White Sea, ƙananan kai na da Likitan mata River da kuma kauye na Ust-Tsilma. daga kudu - Saratov, Voronezh yankin, Kokshetau, kudancin Urals, Barnaul da Omsk. Waje na kasar mu na zaune a cikin Korea, China, Taiwan da Japan tsibirin. Ya na zaune a kudancin Iran, Isra'ila, Indochina da Himalayan duwãtsu. A Afirka, za a iya samu a Morocco.

mazauninsu

Nuthatch talakawa rãyukansu, a gandun daji - coniferous, deciduous da kuma gauraye, yayin da ance cikin yankunan da manyan yawan haihuwa da gandun itatuwa, wanda yana neman abinci. Har ila yau readily settles a wuraren shakatawa da kuma gidãjen Aljanna da itatuwan ciyayi. A kudancin yankunan da kasashen Yammacin Turai fi son deciduous gandun daji, wanda aka mamaye hornbeam, itacen oak, Beech.

Nuthatch amfani cimma gandun daji-tundra a arewa, a kudancin - steppe zone, inda shi sheƙarsu a gandun daji da gandun daji riparian. A Far East da kuma Siberia, inda mafi yawa girma coniferous gandun daji, rayuwa mafi yawa a cikin gandun daji tare da kuri'a na larch da kuma itacen al'ul. An sani cewa fragmentation na gandun daji iri-iri, sau da yawa abu zuwa raguwa a yawan jinsuna daban, da takin gargajiya ne ba ya shafa nuthatch.

Nuthatch talakawa (photos za a iya gani a cikin wannan labarin) kaiwa wani Mazauni a gida rayuwa, kuma yawanci, shi bãyukansu zuwa wannan wuri idan ba ka dame. A tsakiyar taiga a arewacin yankin tsuntsãye ƙaura kudu a cikin hunturu. Wannan lokaci na shekara iya shiga sauran tsuntsaye (yafi ga tsuntsaye), amma ba su samar da fakitoci. Yankin tsuntsu kare site duk shekara zagaye.

haifuwa

A farkon kiwo kakar daga tsuntsãye dogara a kan latitud. Alal misali, a tsakiyar Rasha sun fara nesting a watan Afrilu, yayin da a arewacin yankunan - kawai a watan Mayu. Tsuntsaye ne monogamous (daya kawai mace lissafta ga daya namiji). ma'aurata cikin rayuwarsa ceto.

Nuthatches ta hananna m lãka, kamar haka barin kawai karamin notches.

Hatching

Nuthatch vulgaris, wanda akwai hotuna a wannan labarin, da farkon brooding ceases, zama unnoticeable. Mace incubates, yayin da shi ya fita cikin gida ne kawai idan akwai hadari, baya boye masonry kwanciya. Shiryawa yana game makonni biyu. Next hatched kajin an rufe tare da dogon bakin ciki saukar a kan baya, kafadu da kai. Kula da iyaye biyu, suna kawo su abinci don 350 a rana sau. A kajin ne a kan reshe bayan 25 days, ko da yake har ma ga 1-2 makonni don ciyar da mahaifansa biyu, sa'an nan kuma Ya wãtsa.

Ainihin adadin matasa tsuntsaye zuwa karshen lokacin rani karba ya na sirri site, amma tare da zabi wani abokin tarayya, kuma da nesting yankin gaba daya m kawai ta da wadannan spring. Tsuntsaye a cikin daji rayuwa game da shekara goma sha ɗaya.

m

Bird nuthatch talakawa sheƙarsu a hollows, amma, da bambanci ga wannan woodpecker, iya Gouge wani m kai, saboda haka, yi amfani da haihuwa sheƙarsu ko dauki halitta cavities a itatuwa. M zaba a nesa na 4-8 mita sama da ƙasa. Har ila yau zauna gida kwalaye da wucin gadi wajen. Sau da yawa, idan wani isasshe manyan bude suka take hana ya lãka don kare da daban-daban da yara yayyanke hadawa shi da taki, da barin kawai karamin tapholes diamita har zuwa 35 mm. Lokaci da Lokaci lãka smeared kamar yadda kai m da kewaye.

A m ciki ne liyi da kananan Sikeli bakin ciki babba Layer na bawo, wani lokacin - Leaf yanka. Lush kwanciya - qwai a ta kusan gaba daya kura idon.