Open samu karaya kuma su rarrabuwa. Taimakon farko ga bude samu karaya

Daga karya kasusuwa ne ba inshora da wani mutum daya, ko da kuwa shekaru, jinsi ko wani takamaiman fasali. Karkashin karaya tana nufin duka ko m lalacewa daga kashi mutunci. Wannan na iya haifar da wani fall, kwatsam buga da karfi, mutum ya ko bala'i ya halitta, hadarin mota.

iri na samu karaya

Fractures kasu kashi:

• bude.
• rufaffiyar.

Common fasali na bude karaya

Open samu karaya - lalacewa da kasũsuwa, ashe, suna tare da keta mutunci da fata da kuma tamkar taushi nama, inda da karaya ne a sadarwar da waje muhalli.

An bude karaya aka dauke su lalata wuya, domin irin raunin da kara hadarin kamuwa da cuta daga cikin kashi sassa na da ake dasu Flora. Wannan shi ne abin da ya bambanta da wani a bude da kuma rufaffiyar karaya na da extremities. Halayyar da karaya ne bude da kuma fallasa kashi, da yawa dagula magani da kuma kulla da detachment na taushi tsokoki a yankin na lalacewa, wanda kara hadarin kamuwa da cuta. Hadari a rayuwar mutum a bude karaya an dauki matsayin zub da jini da kuma buga.

Ãyõyin wani bude karaya

ÃyõyinSa bude da kuma rufe raunin ne dan kadan daban-daban, amma a farkon harka, mai tsanani daga cututtuka ne sau goma karfi. Saboda haka:

• sabon abu ga da motsi na da wani reshe a cikin wani wuri inda babu hadin gwiwa.
• palpation na shafa yankin karkashin fata audible crackle.
• kasancewar wani rauni, shi ne kadan, kuma m.
• venous zub da jini;
• wanda aka azabtar ya yanayin yake ta tabarbarewa a hanzari.
• bayyane alamun rauni da kuma hemorrhagic buga.

Open karaya: rarrabuwa

Open samu karaya, dangane da ginshikai na cin gaban da aka raba:

• da farko-bude, yayin da sakamakon lalacewar da ƙasũsuwa da taushi tsokoki.
• secondary bude a lokacin da fata da kuma taushi nama lalace iyakar kashi, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa.

A tsanani daga cikin karaya da hatsari ga mutum rayuwa samar da tushen domin kara rarrabuwa. A ganewar asali da aka denoted Rasha babban birnin kasar haruffa, wanda ke nufin:

• A - samu karaya da qananan taushi nama rauni, wanda fahimcin muhimmancin aka cikakken kiyaye ko da dan kadan sosai.
• B - Damage da wani talakawan mataki na nauyi, tare da taushi nama fahimcin muhimmancin a cikin rauni partially ko gaba daya karya.
• A - karaya da karfi babu ja da lalacewar da taushi nama, wanda cire shi ne makawa ga rike kiwon lafiya.

Nau'in Kaplan-Markova complements ganewar asali, na nuna irin raunuka, inda A - soka raunuka. B - bruised, lacerated raunuka. B - murkushe niƙa.
Roman numerals a cikin ganewar asali nuna rauni size:

• I - kananan size of har zuwa 1.5 centimeters.
• II - da girman da rauni dabam tsakanin 2-9 santimita.
• III - rauni fiye da 10 santimita.

Group IV ya hada samu karaya sosai m nauyi yanayi. Akwai cuta fahimcin muhimmancin da reshe, tare da tsananin jini asara da kuma buga. Sau da yawa, a reshe gurguwar.
Sarrafawa na bude samu karaya ne m da sunan lalace kashi. Yana iya zama:

• kafada.
• gwiwar hannu.
• femoral.
• tibial da peroneal.

Sassan kashi hasãra da kuma irin lalacewar a kan x-ray karaya kasu kashi:

• QFontDatabase.
• giciye.
• damina samu karaya da faruwa a cikin hali na mota karo.
• helical.
• Big / melkooskolchatye.
• biyu (muhallinsu karaya da kashi da wani ɓaɓɓake, kuma ba tare da shi).

diagnosing

Open samu karaya ne da sauki gane asali. Don gane duk lalacewar karaya ya kamata a palpated. Wannan ne bi da X-haskoki yi, wanda ba ka damar sanin ainihin tsawon lokaci da zunubinka, da irin karaya, yanayin muhallinsa, da adadin kashi, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa. Open reshe samu karaya, samu karaya na dogon ƙasũsuwa da kuma kashin baya bukatar akalla biyu X-ray hotunan, samar a biyu yardatayya perpendicular jirage. A wasu lokuta, kima da taushi-nama yanayin bukatar wani MRI. Tare da wani bude karaya akwai hadarin na jijiya lalacewar da jijiyoyin bugun gini mutunci. Idan wani, ko da zato, ya kamata ka yi shãwara a neurosurgeon da jijiyoyin bugun gini likita.

Taimakon farko da wani bude karaya

Taimakon farko ga raunin da ya faru na wannan irin ta'allaka ne da cewa:

1. Dakatar da zub da jini, bi da gefuna wani mĩki antiseptic.
2. Aiwatar bakarariya miya kai tsaye zuwa cikin rauni da kuma karaya site.
3. Ka ba wani m kamar Analgin, Pentalgin.
4. immobilize da reshe a matsayin cewa da aka samu na yin illa.
5. kai da aka azabtar to mafi kusa gaggawa tashar.
Taimaka tare da bude samu karaya a wani hali ya kamata ba sun hada da yunkurin reposition buga waje da kashi, cire lankwasa wata gabar jiki, jeri na lalace ƙasũsuwa. Wannan zai iya kawai yin matsalar muni.

Outdoor hip karaya iya faruwa a sakamakon wani fall ko mota karo. Wannan ne sau da yawa tare da wani motsi da tarkace, haddasa aka azabtar a jihar na jin zafi tura.

Abu na farko da ya yi - shi ne zuwa anesthetize. Sa'an nan tabbata ga karan ɗori da kafa. Don yin wannan, za ka iya amfani da wani dogon abu: hukumar, da sarewa, da sanda. Splinting aka yi tare da dukan jiki daga ƙafãfunku zuwa sosai hamata. Amma ba za a iya jefa shi zuwa cikin gefen inda karye ƙasũsuwa bayyane.

Open karaya hannun - wannan shi ne ya fi kowa da irin rauni. Mafi sau da yawa da shi ya auku a sakamakon karfi tasiri ko fall. Bugu da kari ga zub da jini hannuwa bude karaya iya a tare da wani karfi kumburi da wata gabar jiki, hadin gwiwa deformity. A hadarin irin wannan lalacewa ne da yiwuwar mai tsanani jini asara a taron na katsewa na wani jijiya kamar jini ne da wuya a dakatar. Gaggawa First aid ne don gabatar da kulle-bas for immobility. Kuma shi dole ne immobilize akalla biyu gidajen abinci a cikin karaya yankin. An kai tsaye amfani da tufafin. Ja ko m bandeji sama da lalace yankin don taimaka dakatar jini hasãra.

Karayar kafana babu kasa tartsatsi lalacewa, sakamakon kai tsaye rauni kamar nauyi abu fadowa, tasiri, matsawa, tucking ƙafafunsa. Taimakon farko ga raunin da ya faru na wannan irin ne mai sauki. Yana iya zama kowane mutum wanda shi ne a kusa da nan, ko wanda aka azabtar. Babban abu a cikin wannan harka - to immobilize kafar. Takalma ya kamata a cire a lokaci guda. A lalace yatsa kamata bandeji zuwa wani m abu ko wani makwabtaka da yatsa. Karayar kafana iya zama:

• bude.
• rufaffiyar.
• karaya da kawar da;
• comminuted.
• Iyakar karaya.

Muhallinsu karaya da aka samu ta hanyar fallasa da yatsa kashi ƙarfi, abu don da ya faru na rauni. Yana iya a tare da wani ƙeta na dab jijiyoyi, jini da tsoka. Tare da lalacewa da ciwo mai tsanani, kumburi, ba kawai lalace yatsa, amma dukan kafa, zub da jini a karkashin fata, ƙusa, take hakkin reshe aiki.

m magani

Bayan samar da taimakon farko ya kamata a asibiti a sashen na "Illar". Moscow yana da yawa sana'a abubuwa, aiki a kusa da nan kowane lokaci, inda haƙuri zai yi dukan zama dole taimako. Ta samar da gwani taimako likitoci sanin mai tsanani daga lalacewa zai yaba hemodynamic, ya rike wani primary ganewar asali na karaya da ya hada da dubawa, rauni jiyya, ganewa na asibiti alamun rauni, wani X-ray. A haƙuri za a yi procaine kawancen da injections da tetanus, sanya jamiái, m-bakan maganin rigakafi su hana kamuwa da cuta.

Next, da haƙuri da aka canjawa wuri zuwa aiki dakin, inda mĩki aka tsabtace na waje jikinsu da kuma datti kwance dabam kashi, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa cire, mugun lalace, nonviable nama issekutsya, da rauni za a rufe da kuma tuba a cikin rufaffiyar karaya. Matsakaitan gefuna da rauni dole ne a za'ayi ba tare da tashin hankali, idan wannan ba zai yiwu, to, shi da aka gudanar dermepenthesis.

Mataki na farko m magani yana da muhimmanci domin kau da m domin cin gaban pathogenic microorganisms Flora da halitta sharadi gwargwado don rauni warkar. Bugu da ƙari, excision na "matalauta quality" nama ne mai kyau nazarin halittu factor, saboda lafiya rai nama mafi yãƙi kamuwa da cuta da kuma warkar.

Yana da kyau idan primary m kula za a sanya a cikin ta farko 8 hours da rauni. A wannan lokacin, da kwayoyin za su ba su da lokaci su shiga zurfi a cikin rauni da kyallen takarda, yada a ko'ina cikin jiki ta hanyar da jini da kuma Lymph.

PECVD iya zama: Early da aka gudanar a farkon 24 hours bayan rauni. jinkiri zuwa 48 hours; daga baya. A dalilan da bata lokaci ba na iya bauta wa traumatic buga, mai tsanani na jini, gudanar da sa baki da ake dangantawa da lalacewar muhimmanci gabobin.

Babban hanyoyin da immobilization daga kashi, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa

Immobilize lalacewar wajibi ne a wani hali. Don yin haka, ba da shaida, a zabi:

• a filastar simintin gyaran kafa.
• kwarangwal gogayya.
• farko, jinkiri ciki osteosynthesis karfe Tsarin;
• External kam na'urar for waje kam.

A simintin gyara yana da kyau hygroscopic, dace kayyade yana nufin a kafofin rashin lafiya marasa lafiya ba ya bukatar fasaha da basira ba, karɓa mai loading da suka ji rauni ƙwarai. Duk da haka, gypsum immobilizes m gidajen abinci da kuma iya damfara da reshe a majajjawa.

Kwarangwal gogayya damar don tsayar da reshe kuma yi dressings. Idan kana da wani bude karaya da muhallinsa, shi ne tsawo da damar canjawa reponirovat, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa. Amma wannan hanya na immobilization bukatar hutu, natsu da reshe da aka bayar ba complete, shi na bukatar lura da kuma gyara.
Osteosynthesis sanya tare da QFontDatabase, helical, comminuted samu karaya wuya a kula, kazalika da biyu ko mahara.

Yadda za a warkar da bude samu karaya

Kashi karaya waraka faruwa a dama, saukarwa. A farko shiri mataki za a iya kira. A nan akwai Lymph da jini clotting, jini clots kafa kunsa da iyakar da, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa, da kuma magani saki gudan jini shiga cikin taushi da nama.

A na biyu lokaci fara da nunawa na farko connective nama callus. Shi yana da m texture, duk da cewa babu wani abu a cikin lemun tsami salts ko kashi. Wannan masara ba da damar da ƙasũsuwan da yardar kaina matsawa a cikin lalace tabo. Tsawon lokacin da wannan tsari na iya zama daban-daban. A manyan yawan inflamed nama, gaban taushi nama tsakanin kashi ƙare, kamuwa da cuta, rage ikon da kara Kwayoyin zuwa kashi nama yaduwa iya rage gudu da tsari.

The uku lokaci fara kamar 2-3 makonni bayan da karaya. An halin ossification. Connective nama callus compacted. Duk da haka, don gudanar a tsaye ko tsauri lodi shi ne ba tukuna a cikin wani wuri, saboda haka, abin dogara immobilization ne har yanzu dacewa. A wannan lokacin, ya tashe da matakin na alli a jini magani.

A lokacin da ta huɗu lokaci, karshe sake fasalin kudin na callus cikin cikakken kashi. A 'yan watanni bayan da karaya da sabon kashi iya tsayayya da nauyin jiki. Callus ne sau da yawa ya fi girma sosai fiye da da ainihin karye ƙasũsuwa. A mafi m ya lalacewa daga kashi da kuma kewaye nama, da more m zai zama da girman da masara. Bayan nan, shi ne rage da sealing na tsokoki da resorption na haihuwa kashi rabo. Matsakaici aikin kaya zai gaggauta habaka sake fasalin kudin na callus.

Jinkirin samuwar callus ne halin da wani bude karaya. Magani da kuma warkar da rauni zai iya samun wani dogon lokacin da tsari, idan:

• a karaya site samar kasa adadin jini clots ta haramta motsa da samuwar primary kashi callus.
• da ciwon m kumburi tafiyar matakai, hallakaswa canje-canje da shafi bayyanar callus a kan tushen kamuwa da cuta.
• kan aiwatar da withering bãya daga kashi, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa.
• a connective nama callus kafa fibrocartilage.

A kudi na samuwar callus ne sun fi mayar dogara a kan yadda da kuma lokacin da aka taimaka da karaya wuri, haƙuri da shekaru da kuma wasu dalilai.
Don bugun sama da tsari na samuwar callus iya amfani da antireticular cytotoxic magani Bogomolets, kashi ci abinci, foda, eggshell, phosphorus daga kifi mai.

sakamakon na samu karaya

A bude samu karaya da 'yan barazana. Lokaci ba sa cikin m taimako - a cikin na farko 6-8 hours bayan rauni - zai iya kai ga babu ja sakamakon. Bayan wannan lokaci, za a iya fara sepsis, wani jini kamuwa da cuta.

Lokacin da allura a cikin ƙasa ciwo zai iya ci gaba tetanus. Bayan lamba tare da azabtar a traumatology issekutsya gurbata sites, amma a wani babba nesa rabo na tsokoki ko tendons, domin ya ceci rayuwar mutum, akwai wani babban yiwuwa cewa haƙuri za a kashe.

Daga cikin gabatar ba Tsayawa akan matsayin cewa da m waraka ne yiwu tare da isasshen taimakon farko da kuma farko da kiwon lafiya taimako bayar da traumatology. Moscow, kasancewa babban birni, yayi dukan wuraren samar da zama dole taimako.

Shin yana yiwuwa a inshora da samu karaya

Karaya ne inji rauni, inshora da wanda Babu wanda zai iya. Duk da haka, statistics nuna cewa wasu raunuka za a iya kauce masa idan kashi yana da wani karin m tsarin. Hakika, daga raunin da ya faru ci a cikin taron na fall daga tsawo, zirga-zirga hatsarori, m naushe shi ba zai ajiye, amma ba kowane fall ko podvertyvanie ƙafãfunsu su kawo karshen sama karye. Saboda haka babban manufar yin rigakafi - shi ne karfafa da ƙasũsuwan da kuma hana osteoporosis.

Abu na farko da ya kamata ka kula - wannan shi ne abinci. Protein abinci, a hade tare da babban yawan kofi da kuma irin wannan drinks, rage adadin alli a cikin jiki. Rama domin kasawa da kuma samar da mai kyau sha na alli za ta taimaka da alayyafo, beets, seleri, kore kayan lambu, kwayoyi, shayi, koko da kuma tutiya dauke da kayayyakin.

Yana bi daga wannan, kuma da wadannan karaya rigakafin awo - rike da lafiya nauyi. Osteoporosis zai iya ci gaba ba wai kawai a gaban wuce haddi nauyi, wanda qara load a kan kasũsuwa, ashe, amma wuce kima thinness ba zai zama mai taimako a gare shi. Wajibi ne a san lokacin da ta dakatar.

Taimaka tare da m nauyi iya zama wani wasa. By wasa wasanni ba nufi sabon duniya records, ko da yamma kuma dare ya ciyar a cikin dakin motsa jiki. Amma haskaka for rabin awa ko awa sau uku a mako karkashin karfi na kusan kowa da kowa. Babu shakka, da horo da wuraren da ya kamata a individualized, shan la'akari da shekaru, Jihar kiwon lafiya, damar. Tare da wannan zai iya taimaka cikin kociyoyin a cikin dakin motsa jiki, ko likita. Hankali da matsanancin motsa jiki ya zama mata da maza.

Kashi yawa adversely shafi da kuma miyagun halaye: sha da kuma shan taba. Kuma idan na farko amfani ya kamata a kiyaye a cikin m allurai, shi wajibi ne don daina shan taba gaba daya. A Club samu karaya warkar da ba kawai m, amma kuma yiwuwar samun wani ba daidai ba fe. Rinjayar barasa ne a take hakkin da tafiyar matakai na rayuwa ta jiki. Barasa zagi warware da sha na alli da jiki, wanda impairs kashi yawa daga al'amarin.

Har ila yau muhimmanci ga kiwon lafiya na jikin mu, kuma bitamin D, wanda yake a cikin bukata yawa iya samu ta hanyar kasancewa a cikin rana a kowace rana akalla mintina 15. Wannan bitamin da inganta harkokin sha na alli. Wuce kima yin amfani da sunbathing, ba shakka, ba lallai ba ne su wani, musamman ga mutanen da tare da m fata. Amma amfanin zamani kyakkyawa masana'antu yayi wani zabi na da fadi da kewayon kayayyakin aiki, don kare fata, wanda bai kamata a yi sakaci.

Very talauci jure samu karaya na tsofaffi mutane. A sirri rauni zai iya kai ga ko da banal fall a kansa Apartment, gidan. Saboda haka, a cikin wannan yanayin ya kamata a ba iyakar da hankali ga rigakafin matakan. Abin da ake nufi? Ya kamata cire duk sako-sako da ko rataye wayoyi a cikin bene yanki. Rugs da katĩfun Abkara yi ƙarya lebur, kada ya ɓace. Idan akwai wani gidan wanka a cikinsa, dole ne ka shigar da handrails da kuma wadanda ba-zamewa mats sa. Home takalma ya zama dadi, tare da m tafin kafa, kuma dole ne ba fada saukar da ƙafãfunku yayin tafiya.

Open samu karaya da ƙasũsuwa - wani sosai m rauni tare da dogon maida lokaci. Gyara na farko pre-likita da likita taimako za ta taimaka wajen maido da al'ada reshe.