Phone CDMA: abin da yake da shi? Dual-waya CDMA + GSM

CDMA ba kamar yadda rare kamar yadda sanannun da kuma ƙaunar da GSM aiki. Duk da haka, shi ya aikata da da abũbuwan amfãni, kuma amfanin. Saboda haka, a lokacin da sayen wani sabon wayar salula ya kamata biya musamman da hankali ga CDMA-GSM-da-gidanka. Wannan zai zama mafi kyau wani zaɓi.

Mene ne wannan?

Code Division Multiple Access - daidai tsaye ga raguwa wannan sadarwar misali. Yana nufin da yin amfani da mahara tashoshi da code division. A lokaci guda yayin da ake kira, da bayanan sirri da kuma murya kanta yana daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar daban-daban tashoshi da kuma a daban-daban mitoci. Bugu da ari, domin mafi data bayar more sarari fiye da da GSM misali.

Phone CDMA - abin da yake da shi? Wannan shi ne wani na'urar da samar da ayyuka kamar kai tsaye kira na sauri da kuma lambar wayar hannu, fakiti data sadarwa da kuma watsa saƙonni a wani kudi na har zuwa 2.3 Mbps. CDMA manufa kunshi a wani tsawo kewayon daga wani bayani sigina. Wannan ne yake aikata ta amfani da hanyoyi guda biyu: kai tsaye jerin da kuma mita hopping. A cikin farko idan, babban m mita canjãwa da darajar a wani fanni. Da mai karɓar aiki bisa ga wannan algorithm. Wannan selection da kuma aiki da aka bayar a takamaiman tashar. kai tsaye jerin Hanyar yana amfani da wani amo-kamar sakonni. Saboda haka, kowane mutum siginar da aka modulated da wani musamman code, yada da bakan da bayanai sigina kanta.

Mene ne GSM?

Game da babban abokin adawarsa CDMA sani yafi. Wannan yana rayayye amfani a cikin gida cibiyoyin sadarwar salula. A GSM misali yana amfani da TDMA fasaha da kuma dogara ne a kan wani algorithm na mita rabuwa tashar. Akwai da yawa kamar yadda hudu jeri:

• Single-fuska. Da wuya amfani.
• Dual-ƙungiya. Ga wayoyin daura wani takamaiman yankin.
• A tri-ƙungiya. Standards ana amfani 900/1800/1900 da 850/1800/1900.
• Yan hudu. Irin wannan aiki bayar da kusan dukkanin sabon wayoyin salula na zamani.

Akwai daya alama a GSM na'urorin, wanda ba zai iya gadara da wani CDMA salula. Mene ne wannan? The ƙarin SIM-katin. Tare da taimakon da za ka iya canza sadarwarka don da sauƙi, kuma da sauri.

Tarihi na fasahar

Duk da al'amurra da kuma jami'an tsaro, wannan misali ba a amfani da sau da yawa. Kuma da yawa tambayi wadannan tambaya: «CDMA Phone - Abin da yake da shi?". Its tarihi ya fara a 30s na karshe karni.

A Tarayyar Soviet da aka tsunduma a dacewa bincike Mabayyani Academician DV Ageev A 1935, ya buga kansa aikin "code division mahara damar." A kasida ba ya zama wani bestseller, saboda mafi alaka da nan gaba aukuwa. Amma nan da nan ya dauki sama da wannan topic da sauran sanannun masana kimiyya. Tun da farko dalilin kara raya CDMA fasahar da aka halitta.

Tuni a cikin marigayi 50 ta a Amurka sun yi amfani da misali ga soja dalilai. Kuma kawai a cikin 80 da fasahar da aka declassified da kuma gabatar da su ga duniya. Daidaita da shi iya Dr. Irwin Mark Dzheykobs. Daga baya, ya ma kafa nasa m Qualcomm ta, tsunduma a tauraron dan adam da ãyõyinMu, telephony da salon salula tsarin.

Godiya ga wannan American 1992 wani sabon misali da aka aiwatar rayayye a dukan duniya. Kuma tun 1996 shi ya yi amfani da wannan CDMA-GSM-da-gidanka. A wannan yanayin, a lokacin da aikin ya samu halartar game da 24 ƙasashe.

CDMA nagartacce

Duk da cewa wannan fasaha hadawa da manufa na aiki, shi yana da dama kwatance. A gaskiya, CDMA tsarin yana amfani da wani hanya nisa 1,23MGts sets. A wannan yanayin, da murya kanta shigar wanda ke aiki a wani kudi na 8,55 kbit / s. Wani lokaci, wannan data rafi aka truncated zuwa 1.2 kbit / s. Wannan misali na amfani CDMA Nokia wayoyin sauki. Su amfani - AMINCI da inganci.

CDMAOne misali wanzu a cikin YAKE-95a boko model, IS-95b da J-STD-008. Signal ikirarin kudi a nan shi ne 9.6 kbit / s zuwa 115,2 kbit / s. Cibiyar sadarwa data bayyana a farkon 1995 a Amurka. Yanzu da misali ne quite na kowa a Asiya. A Rasha, kawai a yarda don samar da ayyuka ga wani musamman gyarawa-line a kan irin wannan tsarin.

Standard CDMA2000 - gaje CDMAOne. Ya hankali bi 3G tsara. Wata sifa da kuma muhimmancinsa ya ta'allaka ne da cewa shi ne tushen a kan wannan misali wajen samar da sabon tsarin na hannu aiki.

WCDMA misali

Shi ne tartsatsi a cikin Japan. Wannan fasaha da ake amfani a high-gudun watsa daga daban-daban multimedia, video gudanar da taro da kuma damar Intanit. China ne ma wani shugaban a cikin yin amfani da irin wannan networks, duk da haka, tare da WCDMA networks motsi TD-SCDMA da CDMA-2000.

Idan muka magana game da manufa na aiki, shi za a iya ce da cewa shi ne kuma mahara damar code division data kasance tashoshi da kuma kai tsaye tsawo na bakan. Lokacin da wannan ya kwarara kudi kai 384 kbit / s, da kuma bandwidth - har zuwa 5 MHz. Wannan shi ne cimma ta hanyar amfani da multicode haduwa da m yada factor.

Babban amfani da wannan sadarwa misali shi ne cewa shi ba shi da wata duniya lokaci tunani da kuma GPS. Saboda haka shi za a iya aiki da kansa daga cikin birni, ko kasar da aka ayi. Wannan ne bambanci tsakanin CDMA GSM wayoyin (ciki har da Odessa aka rufe da cibiyar sadarwa).

Wani gagarumin factor, magana a cikin ni'imar da wannan misali, shi ne iska ke dubawa. Yana aiki sabõda haka, kana iya amfani da su kawai multiplayer liyafar, amma kuma wani na fasaha sanyi na da ake bukata Na'urar antennas. Wannan na taimaka wa wani gagarumin karuwa da kuma kayan da aka samar yankin.

CDMA-450

Aiwatar da wannan tsarin ya} ashin ga ci gaban da wani sabon ƙarni na mobile networks. Plus wannan misali shi ne cewa duk abin da za su iya zama cikakken used mita jeri na mobile salula tsarin. Ya aka riga fara amfani da CDMA-da-gidanka (Ukraine ne ma a cikin ɗaukar hoto yankin).

Wadannan cibiyoyin sadarwa samar da wani babban kewayon sadarwa. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa aiki ba bukatar ka gina wani yawa na tashoshin. A filin na mobile Internet ne kuma mai yawan abũbuwan amfãni a kan saba GSM-aiki. EV-DO fasahar samar da broadband gudu zuwa 2,4 Mbit / s.

Canja wurin bayanai da tsarin shi ne mafi aminci mai yawa, saboda shi yana amfani da wani musamman algorithm domin boye-boye da kuma Hikimar Tantance kalmar sirri na mobile tashoshi. Amfani a yi la'akari da fasaha zai zama ga talakawa 'yan ƙasa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a lokacin da radiation ikon tashoshin a 11 sau kasa da cewa daga cikin na GSM-networks.

Daga dukkan sama ya zama da istinbadi tambaya na sa a Rasha da kuma CIS CDMA-450 wayoyin ba rare? Dalilin, kamar yadda ya juya daga 'yan:

• Rashin musamman kayan aiki.
• Babu bambanci a samarwa model da iri CDMA-da-gidanka.
• Rashin yawo.

Abũbuwan amfãni daga CDMA

Wannan fasaha ne in mun gwada sabon. Kuma shi ne sun fi mayar da baya da na al'ada da salon salula GSM aiki. Ta na da undeniable abũbuwan amfãni:

• Privacy da kuma jami'an tsaro na sirri bayanai. Saboda da aiyuka tsarinsa fasaha, masu amfani da kusan gama kare daga da dama fraudulent ayyukan. Bugu da kari, a nan kaucewa shafe baya amo da kuma yiwuwar a layi daya da kira.
• Lower kuzari. Saboda an gyara watsa CDMA-450 wayoyin baturi ciyar da yawa hankali data. Wannan na iya ba da damar masana'antun don ƙirƙirar model cewa ne yafi m da ergonomic.
• Kusan babu katse tattaunawar. A CDMA misali wayoyin ƙwarai ƙãra bandwidth kira da aka shafe aiki da layi daya Lines.
• Fadada Area Network mataki. A wani CDMA yana amfani da wani mabanbanta sadarwa na na'urorin fasahar zamani, wanda za a iya muhimmanci ƙara ɗaukar hoto yankin.
• Ƙarin ayyuka. Wannan zai iya zama da muhimmanci a canja wuri na aiki data da sakonni, da katin shaida na wani saye, da dai sauransu

Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa more kuma mafi masu amfani zabi CDMA waya. Mene ne wannan? An damar samun duk da abũbuwan amfãni a lokaci daya!

CDMA disadvantages

Duk da a bayyane yake abũbuwan amfãni a kan GSM misali, an rayayye yin amfani da wadannan cibiyoyin sadarwa a Amurka. Turai da ake kawai fara samun Masana tare da wannan fasaha. Daga cikin raunin cewa hana m da CDMA m ci gaba a cikin taro ne da wadannan:

• Cost. Duk da quite iya hakuri rates for kai tsaye bugun kira, wadannan wayoyin ne mafi tsada fiye da GSM-analogues.
• Gyara. Saboda gaskiya cewa wadannan na'urori ba kowa a duniya, kayayyakin gyara ne da wuya a samu. Bugu da kari, gyara fasahar ba ta da nisa daga kome saba.
• Babu tushe tashoshin a cikin CDMA waya. Mene ne wannan? Waɗannan su ne wuraren sadarwa da cewa samar da kewayon cibiyar sadarwa.

dual-da-gidanka

Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga labarin, da kuma CDMA da GSM tana da karfi da kuma kasawan. Kuma mu mutumin quite kawai m amfani da duk a lokaci daya. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa CDMA-GSM dual-wayar da aka ƙirƙira. Yana hadawa dukan abũbuwan amfãni daga duka biyu tsarin.

Mene ne wannan? Wannan shi ne quite talakawa wayar hannu tare da wani ingantaccen batir da zai iya taimaka wa da mafi yawan kira da kuma tattaunawa. Design da kuma ayyuka da shi ba ya bambanta daga tuta takwarorinsu.

Irin wannan saƙar zuma kwanan zama ƙara rare. Saboda haka, a hankali manyan mobile brands fara samar da wasu dual-line na'urori.

Alal misali, CDMA-450 wayoyin rayayye ciyar da Skylink. Zaka kuma iya samun model na Nokia, Huawei, Pantech, HTC da yawa wasu a daban-daban Stores.

Features dual-da-gidanka

Bugu da kari ga aikin littafin lambobi, inda daya saye iya sanya kawai 4 ko fiye da dakuna, kamar yadda da dama e-mail adireshin daga CDMA-GSM-salon salula, akwai da dama da muhimmanci bambance-bambance:

1. Wannan advantageously monoblocks. Ko da yake a 'yan shekarun nan za a iya samu sliders kuma clamshells.
2. Kusan dukkan wayoyin tallafawa microSD.
3. Cell sanye take da 2 megapixel kamara a kalla. Hakika, tare da girma shahararsa da kuma girma zangon gabatar a wayar kasuwar. A gasar hada da more kuma mafi masana'antun, ɓullo da zane, ya kara fasaha damar da halaye, da dai sauransu.

A general, wadannan model an daidaita a karkashin saba wayoyin salula na zamani da kuma wayoyin. Masana'antun na kokarin haifar da su a cikin saba zane da kuma tare da wannan sa na ayyuka. Wasu birane suna ƙara amfani da CDMA-da-gidanka. Odessa, misali, a matsayin tashar jiragen ruwa cibiyar samar da wata dama don amfani duk da model. Ciki, da zabi na kasar, ba shakka, karami.