Satirical dabaru tatsuniyoyi Saltykov-Shchedrin

Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin - mahaliccin musamman wallafe-wallafen Genre - wani satirical labari. Kananan labarai Rasha marubuci tone burokrasi da autocracy, liberalism. Wannan labarin ya tattauna wadannan ayyukan Saltykov-Shchedrin, kamar yadda "Wild mai ƙasa", "Eagle-majiɓinci,", "Mai hikima minnow", "irin kifi-idealist."

Features tãtsũniyõyin Saltykov-Shchedrin

Tatsuniyoyi, wannan marubuci zai iya saduwa da Misalin da grotesque da hyperbole. Akwai siffofin halayyar Aesopian labari. A sadarwa a tsakanin haruffan daidai da ra'ayi da rinjaye a cikin al'umma na XIX karni. Mene ne dabaru amfani satirical marubuci? Domin amsa wannan tambaya, ya kamata ya kasance a takaice dai Siffar marubucin rayuwa saboda haka ruthlessly m tsauta duniya na gonaki.

game da marubucin

Saltykov-Shchedrin hade da ya wallafa aiki tare da jama'a sabis. A nan gaba marubuci da aka haife shi a Tver lardin, amma bayan ƙarshen lyceum tafi St. Petersburg, inda ya samu wani matsayi a cikin War Office. Tuni a cikin shekara ta farko da aiki a cikin birnin na hafsa matashi ya fara languish burokrasi, qarya, rashin nishaɗi mulki cibiyoyin. Da tsananin yarda Saltykov-Shchedrin halarci daban-daban wallafe-wallafen marece, wanda aka mamaye antiserfdom yanayi. Game da ra'ayi, ya tuntubi Petersburgers a cikin labarin "A Rikitarwa al'amarinsu," "musu". Wanda ya sa aka kõre su Vyatka.

Rayuwa a lardin ya sa da marubuci su kiyaye a cikin daki-daki, komai haqqinsa duniya, da rayuwar da gonaki da kuma manoma zalunta da su. Wannan kwarewa ya zama wani al'amari domin daga baya aka rubuta ayyukansu, kazalika da samuwar musamman satirical dabaru. A zamani na Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin da zarar ya ce da shi: "Ya san Rasha, kamar ba wani ba."

Satirical dabaru Saltykov-Shchedrin

Aikinsa shi ne quite bambancin. Amma watakila mafi mashahuri a cikin ayyukan Saltykov-Shchedrin ne kawai tatsuniyoyi. Akwai da dama musamman satirical dabaru da abin da marubuci ya ƙoƙarin kai ga masu karatu da inertia da falsity na mai masauki a duniya. Kuma a sama da dukan shi ne wani Misalin. A rufe da tunawa marubucin ya bayyana bayyanannun siyasa da zamantakewa al'amurran da suka shafi don bayyana nasu ra'ayi.

Wani Hanyar - da amfani da dama motifs. Alal misali, a "The Tale game da yadda mutum guda ciyar da biyu generals" Suka bauta a matsayin wajen magana na damunsu kan gidan haya. A karshe, Magana game da satirical dabaru Shchedrin, ba a ma maganar da symbolism. Bayan duk, da heroes of tatsuniyoyi sau da yawa nuna daya daga cikin al'amarin rayuwa na XIX karni. Saboda haka, babban haruffa na "Konyaga" nuna duk zafi na Rasha mutane, zalunta for ƙarni. Kasa shi ne wani bincike na zaba ayyukan Saltykov-Shchedrin. Abin da satirical dabaru amfani da su?

"Irin kifi-idealist"

A wannan labari ra'ayoyi na masana ya bayyana Saltykov-Shchedrin. Satirical dabaru da za a iya samu a cikin samfurin "irin kifi-idealist" - ne symbolism, da yin amfani da m kalamai da karin maganar. Kowace daga cikin haruffa - a gama image na wakilan wani zaman jama'a aji.

A mãkirci revolves a kusa da wani hikaya - a tattaunawa irin kifi da kuma Ruff. Da farko, an riga an gane daga title na aikin o ƙarin tabbatar da zama ƙunshe ganewarsu, da bangaskiya a cikin mafi kyau. Ruff guda - yana da akasin haka, mai shakka theories izgili da abokin gābansa. Akwai labari, da kuma na uku hali - Pike. Wannan unsafe kifi alama ce da Saltykov-Shchedrin, da iko da ya zama a cikin samfurin. Pike da aka sani ya ciyar a kan irin kifi. Karshe, kore ta fi ban sha'awa, shi ne ya aiko da predator. The m ka'idar yanayi (ko ƙarni kafa matsayi a cikin al'umma) Karas ya yi ĩmãni. Ya yi fatan su yi hankali da Pike tãtsũniyõyin damar daidaita, duniya farin ciki, nagarta. Kuma haka shi ya mutu. Pike, kamar yadda marubucin bayanin kula, da kalmar "nagarta" ba saba.

Satirical dabaru ana amfani ba kawai soki rigidity daga cikin wakilan wasu bangare na al'umma. Tare da su, marubucin yana kokarin kai aikin banza moralistic muhawara, wanda aka rarraba a tsakanin masana na XIX karni.

"Wild mai masauki"

Shafi serfdom kishin mai yawa sarari a cikin ayyukan Saltykov-Shchedrin. Ya yi wani abu a ce wa masu karatu na wannan lissafi. Duk da haka, rubuta jaridar articles game da dangantakar da gidan haya ga manoma, ko da littafin da m ayyukansu a cikin Genre na hakikanci a kan batun da aka fraught tare da m aqibar marubuci. Kuma haka zan ya ƙarasa da allegories, sauki comic labaru. A "Wild mallaki gidaje," muna magana ne game da wani hali Rasha usurper, ba ya sãɓã, erudition da kuma hikima.

Ya gaba da "mutane" da kuma burinsu na lemun tsami. A daidai wannan wawa mai masauki gane ba cewa zai mutu ba tare da manoma. Bayan duk, ba ya so ya yi wani abu, kuma bai san yadda. Wanda zai yi tunanin cewa samfur na gwarzo labari ne da gidaje da filaye, wanda, watakila, da marubuci hadu a hakikanin rai. Amma ba. Wannan ba game da wani musamman master. Kuma a kan zamantakewa Layer matsayin dukan.

Don cikakkiyar har, ba tare da circumlocutions, wannan topic Saltykov-Shchedrin saukar a "Ubangiji Golovlyovo". The labari ta haruffa - wakilai daga lardin komai a fili irin - aka kashe daya bayan daya. Dalilin da mutuwa - wawanci, jahilci, lalaci. Character hikaya "The Wild mallaki gidaje," wannan rabo. Bayan duk, ya samu kawar da manoma, wadda aka fara so amma wani rai ba tare da su ba a shirye.

"Eagle-majiɓinci,"

A heroes of wannan labari - gaggafa kuma hankakai. A farko alama ce da gonaki. Na biyu - da manoma. A marubuci sake koma ga yarda Misalin da wanda ridicules da mũnãnan ayyuka na iko. The labari ne ma ba Nightingale, Magpie, The Mujiya da woodpecker. Kowace daga cikin tsuntsaye - wani Misalin a kan irin mutane ko zamantakewa aji. Haruffa a "Orel-Maecenas" mafi humanized fiye da, misali, da heroes of tatsuniyoyi "irin kifi-idealist." Saboda haka, woodpecker, kunã jayayya, a ƙarshe na tsuntsu tarihi ya zama wanda aka azabtar da wani predator, amma da dama a baya sanduna.

"Mai hikima minnow"

Kamar yadda a cikin ayyukan da aka bayyana a sama, a cikin wannan labari marubucin kiwata al'amurran da suka shafi dacewa ga lokaci. Kuma a nan ya bayyana daga farko Lines. Amma da satirical dabaru Saltykov-Shchedrin - yin amfani da m wajen domin m image lahani ba kawai jama'a, amma kuma duniya. The labari a cikin "m kifi," marubucin ne a cikin hali style of a aljanna-labari: "Akwai ...". A gwarzo da ya marubucin halin kamar haka: "wani ilmi, matsakaici-m".

Karye, kuma passivity a cikin wannan labari ridicules babban master of satire. Bayan duk, wadannan mũnãnan ayyuka sun ga kowa da mafi mambobi ne na kawo dukkan a cikin eighties na XIX karni. Minnow ba ya bar taba ta mafaka. Ya zaune a tsawon rai ba, guje wa da hatsari mazaunan na ruwa duniya. Amma kafin mutuwarsa gane nawa aka rasa a lokacin da ya dade da marasa rai.