Shuka Iris: halaye da kuma bayanin. popular iri

A shuka nasa ne da Lily iyali kasatikovyh. An sani game da 250 daban-daban iri da girma a Turai da kuma Asiya, a Arewacin Amirka da kuma sassa na Afirka. A Rasha akwai game da 60 jinsuna daban. Tsire-tsire kullum girma a bude sarari a kan bangare, a cikin steppe da kuma hamada zones. Iris - mai nĩsa dangi na gladiolus.

Shuka Iris: Description

Yana da wani perennial da kuma musamman ganye tare da wani karfi rhizome. Ya bambanta iri biyu harbe - vegetative da generative. Thin ganye tare da waxy shafi hada fan-dimbin yawa katako a gindi daga tushe.

Wasu irin kara fita ba ko kadan adadin. Mutane daya-daya furanni suna shirya a inflorescences, suka sãɓã wa jũna a musamman ƙanshi da kuma m form. Akwai wata babbar palette na inuwõyinta suna kusa, daga tsarki da fari zuwa duhu m. Manyan da kyawawan furanni kunshi shida lobes da lobe siffar. Uku waje rabo, kamar yadda mai mulkin, kadan ya sunkuya.

Shuka Iris: faye hali da kuma bayanin irin

Iris alfahari a launuka iri-iri da kuma flowering duration. Popular iri:

• Bearded ne mafi mashahuri lambu irises. A cikin matsanancin petals a tushe na hairs ne tube cewa ne sosai a bayyane kan bango. Rarrabe Dwarf, matsakaici da kuma krupnoroslye shuke-shuke. Height ne 70 cm.
• Iris sibirica shuka yada daga arewacin Italiya to Lake Baikal. Wannan nau'in kuma an samu a cikin Caucasus, Turkey da kuma Jamhuriyar Komi. A wani branched zangarniya ne da dama babbar ganye. Gorgeous furanni suna located a kan stalks. A akwatin boye haske launin toka tsaba.
• Dada kowa a cikin m matakan hatsi. Bugu da kari, yana yiwuwa su hadu a kan farar ƙasa gangara kuma Sands. Iris ya kai wani tsawo na ba fiye da 15 cm. A bar bluish launi. Karu tsawo na game da 3 cm, da shuka fara Bloom a watan Mayu. Excellent daukawa ba danshi.
• Dutch yana da musamman dalĩli maimakon karkashin kasa rhizomes, wanda ya ƙunshi gina jiki reserves. Located a kan tushe mai yawa uzkozhelobchatye ganye. Peduncle girma da wani talakawan na 80 cm. A flower iya zama monophonic ko biyu-ton. Wannan iri-iri ne sosai zafi-ƙauna, da kuma a cikin hunturu na bukatar kariya daga iska da kuma sanyi.
• Shuka Iris fadama yana da kyau haske rawaya launi furanni ado Korchuvate shtrishkami. Yana blooms daga farkon watan Mayu zuwa watan Yuni. Wannan iri-iri ne hunturu Hardy da zafi-ƙauna, m hasken rana kai tsaye. A cikin daji, shi ke tsiro mafi yawa a kusa floodplains da kuma gaba da kududdufai. Ana iya gani a Turai, kasar Sin da kuma Far East.
• Xiphoid dauke marigayi Akamaru. Bar wajen kunkuntar kuma kada ku ƙẽtare wani tsawo na 40 cm. Flowers lebur da kananan ciki da kuma na waje m petals. Peduncle tsawo game da 70 cm. Blossom fara a midsummer da kuma blooms zuwa karshen watan Agusta.

Brief bayanin irin shuka Iris:

Bearded irises samu da sunan saboda ya rasu gashi, located a kan m sassa na perianth. A bayyanar kama gashin gemu.

Siberian iri bambanta da sauki da kuma jure sanyi. Bugu da kari, a yanka da ganye da na ado darajar.

Japan irises za a iya raba kawai a biyar - shekaru bakwai, tun lokacin da suka yi wani dogon lokaci su ci gaba da ado da kuma yawan aiki. A farkon spring ko a kaka za'ayi da rabo daga cikin jinsunan.

Akwai uku kungiyoyin na irises:

• tsumburai - tsawo daga cikin flower zangarniya ne 20-35 cm.
• sredneroslye - mai tushe daga 35 zuwa 70 cm.
• Tall - flower karu fiye da 70 cm.

Features

Dangane da irin shuka Iris (dasa da kuma kula da aka bayyana a kasa), da kuma akwai daban-daban tushen tsarin. Su ne da dabara, filamentous, fleshy da subramose. Bar yawanci takobi-siffa, tare da waxy shafi, koren launi. Jihar flower ne mai yiwuwa a ƙayyade a kan gardama. Daidai Layer yana nufin cewa Iris ba sha. Ganye riƙe da wani ado look zuwa farkon kaka. A furanni ne babba, da masu launuka dabam dabam (blue, da fari, da shuɗi, da ruwan hoda, da dai sauransu). Da dama tabarau na launuka iya zama a kan wannan corolla, amma monochrome zanen ba nadiri.

flowering

Blossoms Iris (photo kasa) daga farkon watan Mayu har zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani.

A talakawan tsawon Inflorescence rayuwa shi ne kwana uku. A lokacin bazara flower toho ne kafa a kan rhizome. Fruit Iris kunshi wani akwatin da ciwon uku kwasfa. Idan bazara ya ba zafi, da buds ba su kafa da kuma wadannan shekara da Iris ba zai Bloom.

namo

Japan irises kamar dumi weather, don haka idan sun yi kiwo a arewacin yankunan, da girma da kuma Bloom su mafi yawa a ɗaka. Siberian iri resistant zuwa sanyi, kuma bearded irises whimsical kasa da nau'i biyu na sama.

Ga namo na shuke-shuke na bukatar drained, m da m gona. Da wuce haddi danshi an cire. Lokacin da dasa a cikin nauyi kasa shi ne shawarar don ƙara lambu gona, yashi, ko musamman da taki. Taki sanya ta lissafi na rabin desyatilitrovogo buckets da 1 m ^2. Idan da bukatar neutralize cikin ƙasa, sa'an nan kuma amfani kashi ci abinci, Siberian irises ba na son lemun tsami.

ƙara gina jiki

A lokacin da girma da kuma ci gaban da shuka na bukatar miya inorganic hadaddun gargajiya, wanda ya ƙunshi potassium, phosphorus da nitrogen. Hadi ne da za'ayi sau uku. A farko - da zaran da shuka da aka hatched daga ƙasa. A karo na biyu - a game kwana talatin bayan na farko da gabatarwar barbarar. Kuma na karshe lokaci - a lokacin da shuka kallo.

Za ka iya yi amfani da wata hanya. A mataki na farko da aka yi kawai nitrogen da phosphorus fili. A karo na biyu - da aka kara wa m abubuwa potassium, da kuma na uku wuri - kadai potash da phosphate takin. A lokacin da girma kakar ya kamata a sanya a cikin sama da tara grams na taki da murabba'in mita. Taki da aka kara ne kawai a cikin wani ruwa jihar.

haifuwa

a kan tushen daga cikin rabo na aikin yana da za'ayi a cikin marigayi rani ko farkon fall bayan kimanin shekaru hudu da na girma shuke-shuke a wuri guda. A cikin hali na rashin gazawar gudanar da wannan aiki, da Iris ba zai Bloom yadda shekaru hudu bayan dasa flower buds daina kafa. Saboda wannan dalili, kafin su sami wani irin kãmu mai flowering ya kamata a raba Tushen ko kawar da babba part.

Daya daga cikin sauki hanyoyin da rarraba tushen - da samuwar raka'a itace bar masaƙa. Kowane mahada ne zuwa kashi daban guda tare da kodan. Bayan da cutoff ajiye su a cikin busashshen dumi dakin 48 hours, a lokacin da sassan samar da wata m rauni nama. Bugu da kari, da sassan za a iya yafa masa powdered gawayi.

Seedlings an sanya shi a cikin wani akwati da kuma adana a wani dakin, kamar yadda yakan faru a cikin hunturu Rooting. Rhizomes dug a cikin kaka, ya kamata a adana a wani sanyi bushe wuri. Lokacin da dasa shuki da Tushen a cikin bazara na pre-yanke zuwa 8-10 cm, a kaka ko bazara - by kashi biyu cikin uku.

Dashi a 4-5 shekaru - shi ne quite lokaci mai tsawo, don haka da shuka za a iya karbe ta tsaba. A kowane aji na da halaye. Siberian da kuma Japan irises iya ba tare da da yawa ne matsala to girma daga zuriya, amma bearded - kadan mafi rikitarwa, saboda su tsaba da wani lokacin farin ciki murfin kuma harbe bayyana a karo na biyu, ko na uku shekara. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa multiplication da tsaba ne mafi kyau aiyuka a cikin selection, kamar yadda wannan hanya ba ya tabbatar da mai kyau girma da shuka.

kula

Domin Siberian da kuma Japan iri dace ƙasa, wanda suke da iya riƙe danshi, da kuma bearded dace gona da wani dan kadan acid ko tsaka tsaki matsakaici. A ba-chernozem ƙasa wajibi ne don yin taki.

Kowane irin shuke-shuke bukatar daban-daban yawa na ruwa. Alal misali, Iris sibirica a lokacin flowering na bukatar m ban ruwa da kuma Iris bearded fi son matsakaici watering.

Zai fi kyau sanya hasken rana irises ko poluzatenennyh yankunan. Idan ka sa shuka a cikin wani m inuwa, sa'an nan ya daina flowering. Japan da kuma bearded iri iya jure da karfi shading.

Amfani Properties na shuke-shuke

A halin yanzu, kawai 'yan irin Iris shuke-shuke suna da damar amfani da a likita yi. Alal misali, Florentine da kuma Jamus. Babban raw kayan suna dauke su da tushen da shuka saboda da abun ciki na wani musamman muhimmanci man. Shekaru uku bayan dasa Iris fara magani. Tushen da aka wanke da ruwa, tsarkake ta gefen rassan, sa'an nan bushe. Adana a rufaffiyar kwantena.

A tushen da irises ne mai babbar adadin ascorbic acid, sitaci, sugar da kuma wasu babu kasa amfani gyara.

Amfani da magani

A lokacin da ƙara murƙushe tushen na Iris a wani aromatic fitilar shi yana mai daɗin sakamako.

A decoction na tushen Iris shuka amfani da:

• a matsayin agaji domin kawar colic.
• mashako, kuma tonsillitis.
• a matsayin symptomatic magani domin ciwon kai.
• suckable m marurai.
• cosmetology, na taimaka rage freckles da kuraje, rage wrinkles.
• Yana stimulates ci gaban da gashi follicles da ake amfani da gashi hasara, dandruff, kuma haka ma, ya ba su wani m bayyanar.

Na Iris za a iya shirya a wani tincture, wanda aka yi amfani da hakori zafi. Rhizomes aka yi amfani da shiri na nono shayi. A kan tushen da Iris yi homeopathic magunguna da cewa an yi amfani da magani na pancreatic cututtuka.

Don shirya tincture na Iris, kana bukatar 15 g albarkatun kasa mix a gilashin ruwan zãfi. Yana iya daukar har zuwa sau shida a rana daya tablespoon. Bushe da tushen da shuka ne mai kyau expectorant, diuretic da krovoochischayuschim.

Contraindications ga yin amfani da shuka Iris - idiosyncrasy.

M growers girma Siberian, Japan da kuma bearded irises. Gidãjen Aljannar ne ma kowa fadama Iris furanni da rawaya launi.