Siberian Juniper: photos, bayanin jinsunan, dasa da kuma kula

Juniper Siberian kimiyya da aka sani da Latin sunan Juniperus sibirica. Duk da haka, don wannan rana da sunan shi ne quite rigima. Wasu fi son a ce akwai kawai talakawa Juniper. Siberian (photos of wanda aka bai wa a wannan labarin) - shi ne irin wani iri-iri da ke tsiro a Siberia, amma da bambance-bambance ba su yarda fãce Gwargwadon fasali.

janar bayanai

A jinsin sunan "Siberian Juniper" saboda da peculiarities na da girma. A wannan shuka, kamar sauran junipers, aka sauko daga cypresses, da kuma iyali cewa rike.

Description na Siberian Juniper kama - shi ne mai shrub wanda thickly, low shimfidawa. A tsawo na shi da wuya ya kai mita, mafi sau da yawa - ba fiye da rabin mita. Yana tsiro, yafi a cikin duwatsu na Siberian kuma Far East. A Turai na Rasha Siberian Juniper aka samu a cikin Arctic yankunan.

Juniper: talakawa da kuma Siberian

Duk da yake wasu masana kimiyya ce cewa Siberian - yana da zahiri da na kowa Juniper, akwai ilmin halitta suka rike wani daban-daban matsayi. Sun yi imani da cewa a cikin Rasha Arctic, Siberian Juniper (photo da kuma bayanin irin shuka da damar su yi magana game da kasancewar halayyar fasali na subspecies) ya sauya kowa Juniper, kamar yadda na biyu band a cikin Arctic a cikin daji ba ya faruwa.

Idan yanayi na Turai na Rasha da kuma a cikin kudancin yankunan namo Siberian Juniper ne matsala bukata da hankali, kamar yadda da bukatar haifar da mafi kyau duka yanayi na shuke-shuke a arewacin mountainous yankunan ya ji dadin girma a kan manyan yankunan. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, shi ne lura a overgrown m yankunan duwatsu ƙasa. Suna girma a cikin placers da kuma rare katako wurare, thickets itacen al'ul.

Gano da bayyanar

All iri na Siberian Juniper kamã da jũna a cikin bayyanar - conifers, tsawo ba wucewa mita. Leaflets ne kamar needles da girma a cikin threes, kamar yadda suka ce masana kimiyyar, whorled. Harbe da farko an rufe shi da wani m ɓawon burodi haske launin ruwan kasa. A shuka blooms a cikin bazara, amma cikakke 'ya'yan itace iya jira kawai don shekaru biyu (ko a kan) daji. Za su raira waƙa kusa da fall.

Ta ilimin Juniper Siberian bayyana a matsayin iri guda ba shuka. Ƙayyade namiji da mace shuka shi ne mafi sauki hanyar bumps. A cikin farko case, su ne kananan, yellowish da mace bushes kasa da opaque flakes, kuma a saman uku, kuma ru ovules.

Da zarar hadi auku, flakes saman fadada da kuma ci, fasalin cikin meaty Layer. Tun da akwai wani samuwar shishkoyagody. A farko 'ya'yan Juniper Siberian yana da wani kore tint, amma launi dabam tare da maturation da shishkoyagody jũya a cikin wani baki, an rufe shi da wani bluish kakin zuma. Daji iya girma har zuwa shekaru 600, kuma ya ba da wani babban girbi a kan jinkiri 3-5 shekaru.

Features rarrabuwa

Musamman hankali ne ya biya zuwa daban-daban na Juniper a rubuta a 1968 da Eric Hulten a kan Alaskan Flora. Yana kuma yi nazari a kan shuke-shuke da girma a kusa da yankin Alaska. Ga za ka iya samun hotuna na Siberian Juniper. Duk da haka, da masanin kimiyyar ya hakikance cewa, a Alaska, Kamchatka da Magadan kusa girma daya kawai jinsunan shuke-shuke - Juniperus communis Dwarf subspecies.

Amma a shekarar 1960 Tarayyar Soviet aka buga sauran aiki na marubucin botanist A. Tolmachev. A ra'ayinsa, Far East, Siberia, da yammacin Alaskan ƙasa - wani wuri na girma Juniper Siberian. Hulten wannan sunan da aka jera a matsayin synonymous da Kalmar "kowa Juniper."

Inda kuma yadda za a yi girma

A wadannan yankuna Juniper auku unevenly. A musamman, shi kullum ba Chukotka ko a Wrangel Island, amma a Kamchatka da Magadan kusa da shuka za a iya gani a wasu wurare. Yawancin lokaci shi Forms thickets masu rarrafe shrubs, rufe ba kawai kankara, amma an rufe tare da tsakuwa gangara, deciduous gandun daji. Juniper samu a yankunan ba tare da gandun daji - subalpine bel.

Majagaba na wannan shuka sun biya sosai kadan da hankali. Alal misali, a 1856, shi ya lura da cewa a rare ohotku Juniper da ke tsiro ne kawai daga cikin deciduous itatuwa, berries kuma babu daya daga cikin gida yawan ba ya amfani. A shekara ta 1948, mun lura cewa, a Kamchatka Juniper ma ba a yi amfani da rayuwar yau da kullum, duk da yawan bushes a yankin. A 1862, A. jamiái nuna cewa na Juniper berries za a iya dafa shi mai ban mamaki kvass, amma a Kolyma yan unguwa ba su yi amfani da su a cikin shirye-shiryen da drinks ko in ba haka ba. A lokaci guda sun lura da cewa, Juniper a cikin wannan yankin da aka girma sosai.

Juniper: halitta arziki

Modern masana kimiyya sani domin tabbatar: berries wannan m, kyau daji arziki a cikin daban-daban da amfani ga ɗan adam gyara. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa tambaya shuki Siberian Juniper sha'awar ba kawai a cikin Botanic, gidãjen Aljanna na ma'aikata, amma kuma talakawa mutane da suke so su yi a kan hannunka Popular cikin lambu tushen kyawawan 'ya'ya.

A Juniper berries dauke da wani yawa na sukari. Nazarin ya nuna cewa da abun ciki ne fiye da yawanci 'ya'yan. A wannan siga inji shi ne m da inabi. Duk da haka, cire da sugar daga Cones, kazalika daga wasu 'ya'yan itãce, horar da a cikin gidãjen Aljannar, ba shi yiwuwa, amma za ka iya shirya da kuma yanã shã confectionery kayayyakin - molasses, marmalade. Make Juniper giya, kuma ko da mafi kyau (bisa ga yawa) vodka a duniya - English gin. Duk da haka, da dandano da ƙanshi na Juniper 'ya'yan da ɗan peculiar, wanda ya takaita da amfani a confectionery dalilai.

Aiwatar da a yi

Shakka cewa kula da Siberian Juniper ne shi daraja? Sa'an nan kokarin dafa da zarar wani abin sha a wadannan girke-girke. Lalle ne, za ka ji dadin abin da zai zama wani tutu girma a gonarsa daji, da kuma wani lokacin fiye da daya:

• Tattara shishkoyagody, knead su, tsare da mutunci da tsaba. Lura: tsaba na zartsi, su maye zai kai ga tabarbarewar na iyawa.
• Da kilogram shishkoyagody - uku lita dumi ruwa.
• A cakuda da aka zuga domin minti goma sha biyar, to, matsi da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, cire ɓangaren litattafan almara.
• Saka a cikin wani akwati na sabo ne berries sau daya ko sau biyu.
• Kamar wancan samu syrup da aka hada da sukari da kusan kwata. Idan a nan hašawa mafi girma fasaha da kuma ƙafe wuce haddi da ruwa da zazzabi ƙaruwa, alhãli kuwa da sugar content iya isa 60%.
• The ruwa ne mai tsanani ga ba fiye da 70 digiri daga tururi wanka.

Sugar samar a cikin irin wannan hanya saba mana zaƙi cirewa daga gwoza, game da rabi. Syrup ne dace da abubuwan sha, nama jita-jita, da suka iya sweeten da shayi, kofi, yi amfani da shiri na da wuri, jelly.

Kuma duk da haka?

Daga tarihi da aka sani misalai na yin amfani da daji Juniper domin sugar samar. Advantageously wadannan gwaje-gwajen sa da Jamus, Birtaniya, da kuma Yaren mutanen Holland.

A shekarar 1980 ya wallafa wani littafi ya wallafa Koshcheeva. Yana kuma gabatar da wani yawa na ban sha'awa girke-girke yin amfani da 'ya'yan Juniper. Alal misali, yana yiwuwa ya shirya wani daga:

• Shan a matsayin dalilin da al'ada gurasa, amma biyar hours har sai shirye su ƙara iya aiki na 'ya'yan itace bushes.
• Ga kowane lita na ba fiye da 20 shishkoyagody.

Za ka iya yin Juniper giya. A rabbai daga cikin wadannan: biyu lita na ruwa dole to 200 g na berries, 25 g yisti da biyu tablespoons na zuma.

• Da farko berries Boiled for rabin awa, sa'an nan a yarda su kwantar ruwa da extracting da 'ya'yan gare ta.
• Mix da yisti, zuma da kuma broth, bar zuwa ga ferment.
• Da kwalabe na abin sha da aka wadãtu, a lokacin da yisti Yunƙurin.
• Sa'an nan, ba shi bane girkawa for game da kwanaki biyar a wani sanyi wuri, inda ba fallasa zuwa rana haskoki.

Juniper da Medicine

Zai zama abin mamaki idan wannan ban mamaki shuka ba a samu ta yin amfani da matsayin jama'a magani. Da cewa shi aka yi amfani da magani, bisa ga hieroglyphs na zamanin d Misira. A cikin tsohon zamanin da shi da aka yi da guduro, balms, warkar mai.

Juniper prized a matsayin magani a zamanin d Roma, inda aka yi amfani da Dioscorides. A Italiya a cikin XVI karni a cikin likita yi, wannan shrub amfani Mattioli, suka da'awar cewa shi ne watakila mafi kyau sarauta, diuretic magani. Marasa lafiya fama da gout, shi ne shawarar zuwa yi wanka tare da Juniper.

Features na namo a gida

Dasa spring Siberian Juniper ba sosai wuya aiki. A shuka ne quite unpretentious, tsira kusan duk wani gona, ciki har da gaban silt a kan m substrate.

Yana za a iya dasa a kan peat yankunan. Duk da haka, abin da ya jimiri shrub tsiro sannu a hankali. Amma sakamakon ne shi daraja - a shuka kyau, ado, sosai mai daraja, tun da needles yana da biyu tabarau. Rayayye amfani ga dutse gidãjen Aljanna, low-girma kungiyoyin.

Berry daukana aka dauke matsala, aiki-m aiki. Lambu sun ci gaba da wadannan hanya: plank shuka nama da kuma girgiza rassan, wanda ya yi hijira tare da cikakke berries. Domin kara yin amfani da su bukatar bushe. An shawarar yin amfani da wannan dakin mechanically ventilated. Ba lallai ba ne su bushe shishkoyagody haske.

Girbe a cikin kaka rassan, Pine needles. Za ka iya girbi da kore da kuma a cikin spring, jiran kammala aiki girma lokaci.

kiwo Juniper

Siberian Juniper za a iya karbe ta tsaba. Ado iri suna ma sallami cuttings. Kwalfar kawai cikakke tsaba. Ƙayyade da ripeness iya zama ta hanyar gaban bluish waxy shafi. A ƙasa tsaba suna nutsa babu zurfi fiye da uku da santimita.

Kula Juniper a general mawuyaci ne ba. Matasa shuke-shuke ba zai iya sassauta kuma weeding, kamar yadda shi ne mai sauki lalata tushen sa. A cikin hunturu, su surface an rufe tare da needles. Yana repels voles, wanda Juniper tushen - haqiqa bi.

Adult shuka resistant zuwa ga hasken rana, inji lalacewa. Bush recovers mamaki da sauri.

dasa daidai

Juniper shuka bada shawarar a spring, amma wannan yanayin - ba m. Babu bukatar jira da dumi weather, a matsayin shrub ne resistant zuwa sanyi. Amma lokacin da dasa matasa shuke-shuke a cikin kaka shi ne wata ila cewa, a lokacin hunturu ba shi da lokaci don samun saba daji daskare.

A mafi sauki hanyar dasa Juniper, girma a cikin wani akwati. Lokacin da transplanting daga irin shuke-shuke tushen tsarin ba sha, don haka adapting zuwa wani sabon wuri daukan wani lokaci kadan. Saboda haka, daga cikin akwati da daji za a iya dasa a cikin bazara da kuma fall, ba tare da tsoron misãlin a cikin hunturu.

An shawarar su yi shi a cikin wani m yanki. Duk da haka, wani haske inuwa Juniper kawo. Light matakin kayyade yadda kyau ne shuka. Da rana ne mafi, da shuka zama fluffier, aukaka. Mafi karfi da bambanci ne m lõkacin da girma irin wannan da allurar na biyu launuka.

Yabo don kula

Siberian Juniper tsiro mafi kyau idan ƙasa ne alkaline. Dasa a daji, za a iya sa a kan duhun rĩjiya slaked lemun tsami da kuma dolomite gari.

Wajibi ne a kula da magudanun ruwa, tun m ruwa ya kashe shuka kusan nan da nan. Musamman a hankali ba magudanun ruwa, idan ƙasa ne halin da darajar matakan ruwan karkashin kasa.

Dasawa girma a waje bushes da za'ayi a cikin hunturu. Su tono, da barin a tushen babban bantara na daskararre ƙasa. Wannan ba ka damar ci gaba da tushen m.

Ga matasa shuke-shuke suna shirye rami girma mita a kan, a cikin zurfin - rabin mita. Duk da haka, akwai wani pre-yanayin: rami ya zama sau 3 more yana sanya ta a cikin wani coma ƙasar. Idan tushen tsarin na matasa Juniper ya yi kyau, sa'an nan wani rami yi more.

Digging a cikin daji, bar shi kadai cikin tushen wuyansa. A cikin rami seedling kafa m ga wuyansa ba a rufe da ƙasa. Zuba cikin ƙasa a tushen, yayin da wuya ba a ƙasa matakin.

Juniper farko shayar lokacin da dasa shi kadai. Sosai jiƙa tushen ball slipped a karkashin kasa. Kusa da ƙasa da akwati ciyawa su hana danshi riƙe na dogon lokaci. Yi amfani da softwood haushi, peat zuriyar dabbobi, sawdust, shavings.