St. Petersburg Jihar Museum of addini: wani bayyani, description, tarihi da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Wuya kowa kidaya yadda da yawa gidajen tarihi akwai a cikin duniya. Jihar Museum of addini a St. Petersburg - da daya kawai a Rasha da kuma daya daga cikin 'yan a duniya, wanda wakiltar da daukan hotuna da tarihin samuwar addini. Kudi farfado taru a St. Petersburg, akwai fiye da dubu ɗari biyu kofe: al'adu da tarihi da Monuments na daban, kuma epochs. Babbansu su - shi ne archaeological Finds daga VI Millennium BC. e.

Yadda Jihar Museum of History of Religion in St. Petersburg?

A Winter Palace (White Hall) a cikin bazara na 1930, da jama'a da aka gabatar nuni da maguzawan shugabanci. Ta da asali sanya kayayyakin gargajiya daga birnin da yawa gidajen tarihi - Kunstkamera, Rasha Museum, da Library na Academy of Sciences, da hermitage. Qaddamar da halittar wannan nuni ya Vladimir Germanovich Bogoraz - da aka sani ethnographer, tarihi da kuma masanin ilimin harsuna.

Zanga-zanga da kuma nazarin littattafai halayen addini, kazalika da abubuwa na ibada da aka dauke mai kyau hanyar da zai iya taimaka Soviet jama'a daga cikin "duhun coci." A nuni nasarar blended a tare da akidar da lokaci, a lokacin da gwagwarmaya da addini suka yi yaƙi da duk samuwa wajen. Yana da wannan dalilin cewa lãbãri ya Popular.

tana mayar nuni

Nunin hanzari a bayansa da tare da sabon farfado, kuma nan da nan akwai bukatar da canji a cikin wani addini gidan kayan gargajiya. St. Petersburg kara da cewa wani ban sha'awa sabon ma'aikata a 1930. A birnin hukumomi sun yanke shawarar ba da bukatun da sabon gidan kayan gargajiya gini na Kazan Cathedral, wanda a lokacin da aka yi ba daidai ba. Haka kuma, a lokacin da "motsi" da shahararren haikalin da ke cikin yanayin talauci. The gidan kayan gargajiya da ma'aikatan aka tilasta kawo shi domin a nasu.

Kawai a cikin 1932 da aka kammala cikin shiri aiki. A tsakiyar watan Nuwamba, da gidan kayan gargajiya samu ta farko baƙi. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan taron ya faru godiya ga talented da kuma hikima jagorancin V. G. Bogoraza, sosai m ma'aikata. Addini Museum a St. Petersburg aka tasowa nasara. Sandarsa ya tafi a kan expeditions zuwa daban-daban m kusurwa Rasha da kuma kasashen waje, da tarin bayansa tare da sabon farfado, a kai a kai bude sabon nune-nunen, gyara data kasance mãsu.

Layi daya hali mai tsanani kimiyya da kuma wallafe-wallafe ayyukan. A 1935, akwai wani binciken kimiyya jam'iyya, wanda karatu sun riga taru tarin a Museum of addini. By farkon 1941 duk da yawa expositions an fasaha ci gaba da kuma dauke da mutane da yawa daga cikin mafi muhimmanci da bayanai game da tarihi da kuma ci gaban da imani da mabambantan mutane.

Imperceptibly antireligious nuni aka canza kama zuwa wata babbar ilimi cibiyoyin tsunduma a ilimi da ayyukan.

Museum a lokacin yaki

The Great Patriotic War zama m fãce dõmin fitina ga kasar mu da kuma ta mutane. Dole ne mu manta abin da gwajin fadi zuwa cikin rabo na Leningrad da mazaunanta, wanda ba kawai zaune a cin mutunci yanayi, da suka yi aiki da kuma kiyaye m taskõkin ƙasarsa ta gari.

Mafi yawa daga cikin ma'aikatan na Museum of addini a St. Petersburg (Leningrad) ya tafi zuwa gaba, da kuma kawai 'yan mutane zauna tarin. Duk da cewa kusan dukkan nuni aka kiyaye su, da ma'aikatan gudanar ya shirya da dama nune-nunen a kewaye Leningrad.

Bayan shekarar 1945 shi ya fara wuya painstaking aikin mayar da tarin na da Museum of addini a St. Petersburg. Yana da aka mugun lalace gini, a cikin dakuna zaunar da sanyi da kuma damp, wanda zai iya muhimmanci cutar tarin. Ma'aikatan ya hada da ginshikin kimiyya ayyuka tare da aiki a kan sabuntawa na ginin da kuma farfado.

Abin baƙin ciki, bayan da yaki bai zama dindindin shugaban gidan kayan gargajiya - V. G. Bogoraza da kuma birnin management sanya a yanke shawara ci da addini gidajen tarihi na Moscow da kuma Birnin Leningrad, da kungiyar na nune-nunen a cikin babban birnin kasar. Amma shirin ya tafi awry - Moscow gidan kayan gargajiya tarin an koma Kazan Cathedral, wanda aka gyara a shekarar 1948.

Koma ga tsohon taken

A sittin na karshe karni, da akida na Tarayyar Soviet sake tsananta maguzawan farfaganda. A 1954 da gidan kayan gargajiya da aka sake masa suna - shi aka kira da Museum of addinin kuma basu yarda. Haka kuma, shi canza shugabanci na aikinsa - da aka zaci cewa, batun bincike da aka yanzu ya zama anti-kimiyya addini, kuma an shawarar canza daukan hotuna, don haka da cewa basu yarda kama da kawai gaskiya akida na Soviet mutum.

A sabon ginin

New mataki na ci gaba State. Museum of Tarihi da kuma addini a St. Petersburg ya fara a cikin nineties karni na karshe, a lokacin da dukan ƙasar, na maido da tarihi gine-gine hallaka ko rufe a lokacin Soviet zamanin. Wannan kalaman iya ba ya shafar da Kazan Cathedral, da gidan kayan gargajiya ya zama haka gaggawa a zabi wani dakin.

Ba da nisa daga St. Ishaku Square aka zaba gabatarwa ga Museum of addini a St. Petersburg. Address daga cikin sabon gini - ul. Pochtamtskaya, 15/4. Ginin da ake bukata manyan sabuntawan, kuma dole ne in ce cewa shi aka za'ayi shan la'akari da bukatun da gidan kayan gargajiya. A lokacin yi da kuma kammala ayyukan da suka yi kokarin daidaita da bukatun mafi daga cikin gidan kayan gargajiya. Ya sake canza sunan - The Jihar Museum of History of Religion in St. Petersburg. A cikin sabon wuri ya aiki tun 2001.

Its collections aka koma daga sararin kuma high dakunan na Kazan Cathedral a mafi karami, amma mai haske da dakuna. Museum ma'aikatan da sake haifar da nuni. A cikin kwanaki, lokacin da kungiya matsaloli a baya, da kuma duk akida akidun mu sun manta, da Museum of St. Petersburg da kuma addini kiran baƙi don Masana m farfado, wanda gaya game da m bangare na rayuwar mutum - bangaskiya.

daukan hotuna

Mun riga ya yi magana game da gaskiyar cewa a yau a gidan kayan gargajiya kudi ƙunshi kan dubu ɗari biyu farfado da cewa misalta tarihin addinan duniya, ƙungiyoyi da kuma imani na jama'a daban-daban. Wannan zane da kuma zanen tufafi don gudanarwa da kuma bikin addini abubuwa, rubuce-rubucen da littattafai, articles na daraja karafa da kuma kida, collections na kan sarki da kuma tsabar kudi, video, photo, audio.

All farfado kasu kashi goma sha biyar kudi, kowanne daga abin da tsarkake mutum batutuwa. Duk abubuwa a kan nuni a cikin nau'i na farfado, shirya a wani tsari - da baƙi matsawa daga tsufa to tsakiyar zamanai, sa'an nan canjawa wuri zuwa daga baya addini ƙungiyoyi. Sauti da kuma ado na dakunan reinforces ra'ayi daga cikin binciken.

A gidan kayan gargajiya runduna da dama, yawon shakatawa, wanda ne duqufar da duniya ta manyan addinai. Balaguro din ziyarci da mutanen da dukan zamanai - daga matasa da yara su fansho, sau da yawa akwai waje yawon bude ido. Ga kowane category, za a iya zabar wani ban sha'awa shirin - game da afterlife na zamanin d Misira, da kuma na addini alamomin, da gidajen da shamans na Siberia, game da abubuwan da m asiri da kuma game da sanannen recluse. Little baƙi suna miƙa musamman shirye-shirye.

Bugu da kari zuwa yawon shakatawa, da Museum of kimiyya taro da laccoci, da ɗakin karatu. Mafi yawa daga cikin baƙi an bayyana cewa shiryar da bayanai da aka bayar da fili da kuma shi ne samuwa, amma shi ne kimiyya. Kuma bã ya son duk wani addini, kamar yadda ba farfaganda na rashin bin addini, har ma wani gidan kayan gargajiya zauren yau sadaukar da shi.

A cikin archives na gaibi da tarin kayan azabtarwa na Inquisition, wanda a olden sau da aka nuna a cikin ginshiki na Kazan Cathedral.

gidan kayan gargajiya Features

Za daga dakin zuwa dakin, baƙi za su iya kwatanta yadda na sauya hali ga Allah na mutane addinai daban daban, amma a lokaci guda lokacin da yawon shakatawa ƙare, da tambayar ko akwai wani Allah ko ba, zama a bude. Bayan ya koma sabon gabatarwa na gidan kayan gargajiya da aka cire lãbãri da wasu rituals cewa zai iya tsoratar da baƙi (misali, da kayan azaba).

Tare da basu yarda, ba su da nasu dakunan wasu ƙungiya-ƙungiya. Alal misali, Baptist, wanda shi ne Popular a United States, ba za su samu wuri a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya.

Yadda za a samu a can?

The gidan kayan gargajiya da aka located kusa da St. Ishaku Cathedral. Za ka iya samun a nan, kai yawo daga Metro tashar "Admiralty". A hanya zai yi ba fiye da minti ashirin.

tikitin farashin

Muna sanar da dukkan wadanda suke so su ziyarci Museum of addini a St. Petersburg: farashin tikiti na manya - 400 rubles. Domin fansho (a kan gabatar da ID) - 85 rubles. Ga dalibai (dalibi ID da ake bukata) - 100 rubles. Domin makarantar sakandare dalibai - 100 rubles. Ga 'yan kasashen waje - 300 rubles. A farkon Litinin kowane watan ƙofar gidan kayan gargajiya ne free.