Bolshevik Island: inda, description, tarihi da binciken

A cikin Arctic Ocean ta'allaka tarin tsiburai na Severnaya Zemlya. Ya kunshi hudu manyan tsibiran da yawa karami su. Wannan labarin ya bayyana na biyu mafi girma a tsibirin na tarin tsiburai - da Bolsheviks. Shi ne kudancin tip na Arewa na Duniya, shi ne kẽwayesu da tẽkuna biyu - da Kara da Laptev. Daga cikin babban yankin shi ne raba ta da mashigar Vilkitsky, amma daga Oktoba juyin juya halin Island - mashigar Shokalski.

Gwargwadon bayanai

Island 11 yana Bilshovyk tysyach yanki 312 sq. kilomita lissafin domin kusan uku na dukan tarin tsiburai. Its tsororuwar ne a 935 mita. The taimako na tsibirin ne mafi yawa lebur tare da 'yan duwatsu, wani lokacin juya cikin wani tudu.

A tsarawa daga yankin: 78 digiri 36 minutes arewa latitud da 102 digiri 55 minutes gabas longitude. Yanzu ka san daidai inda Bolshevik Island.

Its ƙirin ne dauke da indented, akwai mutane da yawa bays. A mafi muhimmanci - Gulf Akhmatova, wanda shi ne kusan 60 km hadarurruka a cikin ƙasar. Har ila yau, shiga da zurfi m Fjord Thalmann kuma Gulf Mikoyan. Tare da bakinta akwai wani sa na bays - Zhuravlev, hasken rana da sauransu.

Bolshevik Island alfahari da babban yawan kõguna - jelly, Kamenka, Golysheva, m da kuma sauran, amma akwai 'yan tabkuna da kuma ba su da babban.

yanayin damina

A sauyin yanayi ne Arctic teku. A talakawan shekara-shekara da zazzabi shekaru da yawa sa a kusa -14 ...- 16 ° C, yayin da a cikin hunturu da shi zai iya sauke zuwa -40 ° C in summer wuya lẽƙãwa + 5 ° C. Yanayi da dama dan kadan - har zuwa 400 mm a kowace shekara, mafi yawa daga Yuni zuwa watan Agusta. Ko da a cikin bazara da ƙasa thaws kawai a kan surface kadan zurfi (12-15 cm) ƙasa ta liƙe permafrost. Yankin fiye da miliyan 3 sq. kilomita (30% na tsibirin) an rufe glaciers cewa ba narke. The most of su ko samu wani sunan - Leningrad, Kropotkin, Mushketov.

Ganin low zazzabi, m squally iskõki da sauran m yanayi ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa tsibirin ne inda ba wanda yake zaune Bolshevik. A yanayin nan ne mafi yawan shekaru ne da mummunar.

Biota

Duk da wuya ƙwarai da gaske sauyin yanayi, Bolshevik tsibirin har yanzu sanaki. A kan tuddan da yawa tsuntsaye gida. M shi ne - ruwan hoda da kuma azurfa gulls, murres, black kananan kafafu, kittiwake, glaucous gulls, kazalika da rare nau'i irin peregrine shaho, Sabine ta gulls da fari.

A tsibirin rookeries ba walruses kuma like. Wani lokaci za ka iya ganin reindeer, lemmings, Wolves da Foxes. Amma mai shi daga cikin tsibirin, kazalika da dukan tarin tsiburai - na iyakacin duniya bear. Tono sun nuna cewa game da 25 shekara dubu da suka wuce mammoths zauna a nan.

A cewar masana kimiyyar, da Bolsheviks akwai game da 65 jinsunan shuke-shuke, da cewa shi ne, a tsibirin ne musamman sparse ciyayi. Ga tsira mosses da lichens, kusan m murfin rufe da duwatsun, kazalika da iyakacin duniya Willow. Rare flowering - Arctic poppy, bloodroot, Saxifraga cespitosa, snow saxifrage, minuartia manyan-fruited, bluegrass taqaitaccen, Saxifraga cernua, luzula matted da kuma wasu sauran jinsunan. Na hatsi a tsibirin girma pickerel blue-m, kuma mai tsayi foxtail.

Babban halayyar da na gida Flora - karfi sparseness ciyayi, babban hanyar wanda shi ne m, kuma gravelly filayen da tuddai na tsibirin, wanda aka bayyana a cikin labarin.

Blizhlezhaschie kananan tsibiran

A radius da dama kilomita daga Bolshevik ta'allaka kan 20 tun fil azal. A mafi muhimmanci na wadannan ne ake kira da rarar. Wasu - Low, manta, Sports, Klin, M, kusa, Marine kuma da dama - da kadan yanki. Suka raba wani m da lebur m ƙasa, matsananci yanayin damina, matalauta Fauna da Flora, su ne musamman wanda bai isa ba.

Yadda za a gano tsibirin Bolshevik

Reviews a kan wannan ƙasa iyakacin duniya korau. Su saba wa wuya yanayin rayuwa da kuma aiki, amma wannan tsibirin ne duk dejection ya unremarkable shimfidar wuri, ciki sama, leaden tãguwar ruwa, tare da ikon doke da bakin gaci.

A tarihin ci gaban da tsibirin, kazalika da duk Arewacin Duniya - mai haske, cike da gaskiya heroism page cikin chrede Gwargwadon binciken. Discoverers na tsibirin - da mambobi ne na hydrographic balaguro B.A.Vilkitskogo, wanda da farko ya je bakin Bolsheviks a 1913. A mafi cikakken nazari da kuma cikakken bayanin ƙasar da aka yi a cikin shekaru 1930-1932 a lokacin balaguro na Cibiyar Nazarin Arewa. Its mambobi ne masana kimiyya Urvantsev NN Yana VV, Ushakov GA Zhuravlev kuma SP

A 1979-1983 shekaru a kan wannan ƙasa samu placer zinariya. A shekarar 1992 tsibirin da aka ziyarci by Bolshevik muhalli balaguro na biyar masana kimiyya, wanda babban aiki ya ƙayyade matakin na pesticide samu na Severnaya Zemlya.

An muhimmin taron ya faru ga Ornithology, a 1992, lokacin da tsibirin samar da kama da kuma Ha] na fari gulls domin kara nazarin wannan irin.

Total tsibirin 3 ne iyakacin duniya tashar - daya bautãwarku ( "Cape Baranova") da kuma biyu rufaffiyar ( "hasken rana" da "m").