Tama, da samar da kuma yin amfani da

Tama ne ma'adinai ilimi na musamman ciki har da baƙin ƙarfe, da ta mahadi. Tama aka dauke a cikin wannan harka, idan ta ƙunshi wannan kashi a isa yawa ya zama tattalin arziki m cire shi.

Babban irin na ƙarfe tama ne magnetite. Ya ƙunshi game da 70% nitrous oxide da na baƙin ƙarfe. Wannan tama ne baki ko karfe-m launi. Magnetic tama aka mined a Rasha a cikin Urals. An samu cikin duwatsu Magnetic, high, Grace kuma Kachkanar. A Sweden shi ne a cikin unguwa Falun dannemorite da Gällivare. A Amurka - a PA, kuma a Norway - Arendal da Persberg.

A cikin baƙin ƙarfe da karfe masana'antu da Karafa kayayyakin kasu kashi uku iri:

- da raba baƙin ƙarfe ores (low baƙin ƙarfe abun ciki).

- sinter tama (da wani talakawan abun ciki na baƙin ƙarfe).

- pellet (rigar nauyi baƙin ƙarfe-dauke).

morphological iri

Irin adibas suna dauke arziki da Karafa, wanda dauke da fiye da 57% na baƙin ƙarfe a cikin abun da ke ciki. Ga matalauta ores ne waɗanda a cikin abin ba kasa da 26% na baƙin ƙarfe. Masana kimiyya tama kasu kashi biyu morphological iri: mikakke kuma ploskopodobny.

Tama ne mikakke irin tama jiki sandan bends kuma a bangarori na duniya Laifi. Wannan irin halin musamman high baƙin ƙarfe abun ciki (50 zuwa 69%), amma sulfur da phosphorus a cikin irin wannan tama ƙunshi karamin adadin.

Ploskopodobnye adibas aka samu a na fi yadudduka na ferruginous quartzite, waxanda suke da hankula weathering ɓawon burodi.

Tama. A amfani da samar da

A arziki da Karafa sami aikace-aikace don samar da alade baƙin ƙarfe da yafi ne zuwa smelt a Converter da kuma bude-hearth Tanderu ko kai tsaye tare da baƙin ƙarfe dawo. A kananan adadin da aka yi amfani da matsayin halitta fenti (ocher) da kuma weighting lãka muds.

Global hannun jari bincika adibas sa up biliyan 160. Ton, da na baƙin ƙarfe suka dauke game da biliyan 80. Ton. Tama da aka samu a cikin Ukraine, da kuma most m baƙin ƙarfe Stores da Rasha da kuma Brazil.

A girma daga duniya tama samar tsiro a kowace shekara. A mafi yawan lokuta, da tama da aka mined ta bude hanya, jigon da ya ta'allaka ne da cewa duk dole kayan aiki da aka tsĩrar da su da nawa, kuma a cikin wannan wuri da za a gina wani aiki. aiki talakawan zurfin game da 500 m, kuma da diamita dogara da halaye na samu filin. Bayan haka, tare da taimakon musamman kayan aiki tsantsa da Karafa, sa a kan mashin, saba wa kai na nauyi, kuma ka tsĩrar da daga quarry ga kamfanonin da tsunduma a cikin aiki.

A hasara na bude hanya ne da ikon zuwa gare ni ne kawai a wata m zurfin. Idan yana da yawa da zurfi, shi wajibi ne don gina da nawa. A farko, sa gangar jikin, kama a rijiya mai zurfi da kyau-garu katangu. A daura da akwati farfajiyoyi mika ake kira drifts. Samu a gare su tama tsãwa ce guda, sa'an nan ta guda tashi zuwa surface da taimakon musamman kayan aiki. Tama karafa a cikin wannan hanya ne tasiri amma ya shafi wani tsanani hadarin da kudin.

Akwai har yanzu wani hanya a cikin abin da mined tama. Shi ne ake kira SRS ko na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa borehole. A tama ake cirewa daga ƙasa a cikin irin wannan hanya: da kyau da aka fadi na sukar, shi ne saukar da a cikin bututu da kuma jetting iko sosai ruwa jet murƙushe dutse, to, wanda aka dauke zuwa surface. Tama ta wannan hanya ne mai lafiya, amma abin takaici, m. Kamar haka kulawa don samun kawai 3% na tama, da kuma 70% aka samar via shafts. Duk da haka, ci gaban da hanyar da SRS inganta, kuma akwai wani babban yiwuwa cewa a nan gaba wannan zai zama babban zaɓi, ya maye gurbin ma'adinan da quarries.