Gina Rostov NPP. A hatsari a Rostov NPP

Fara na Rostov nukiliya ikon shuka zai zama na farko bayan da chernobyl masifa. Duk wadannan shekaru, makamashin nukiliya da aka faruwa ta hanyar wuya sau. Da farko gudu farko block na da ikon shuka da aka shirya a cikin kaka na 2000. Wannan ranar da aka sanar a sakamakon jarrabawa na NPP aikin da Ma'aikatar Albarkatun kasa da kuma Lafiyar Qasa na Rasha Federation.

Da bukatar makaman nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke

Rostov nukiliya Power Plant - ɓangare na musayar na Arewa Caucasus yankin. Yana SUPPLiES da wutar lantarki ga 11 batutuwa na Rasha, a kan ƙasa na wanda 17,7 mutane miliyan. Da yawa karatu shirya a cibiyoyin da kuma hukumomin gwamnati, sun nuna cewa gina Rostov NPP ne m biyu ta fuskar tattalin arziki da kuma energetically.

Muhimmancin masana'antu qara da fadowa daga iskar gas samar, wanda shine na hali na tsakiya da kuma kudancin yankunan. Universal yi aikin Rostov NPP tsarin samar ga kowane raba m ikon block gidaje a cikin abin da aka saka a nukiliya reactor VVER-1000.

ikon na'urar

Kowane ikon block qunshi cikin reactor (B-320) da kuma injin turbin. Dumama matsakaici ne zuwa kashi biyu haihuwarka:

• Rediyoaktif. Yana hada da ainihin reactor core farashinsa, circulating, tururi janareto, pressurizer.
• Non-rediyoaktif. Yana hada shigarwa na inji mai farfela, da ruwa ci, tururi janareto da kuma wani ɓangare na zama dole a haɗa bututu.

Fuel adana a cikin nukiliya reactor core. Ya ƙunshi 163 taro da cewa samar da zafi. Tu kowane kwamfutar hannu tsari da aka sanya a U-235 (dan kadan wadãtar da uranium oxide). Yana maida hankali ne akan daina kai hare hare shãfe haske liners sanya na zirconium gami. A farko coolant kewaye hidima bayani daga boric acid. Ta da asali - sosai tsarkake ruwa, matsa a 16 MPa.

Neutrons ruwa amfani ga zafi canja wuri da kuma jinkirin aiwatar, shi yiwuwa a sami wani so zazzabi coefficient na nukiliya reactor tare da alamar "-". Ya ayyana zaman lafiyar na VVER-1000, kuma da ikon auto-tsari.

Kuma abin da mai tashar?

A gundumar Rostov NPP tsarin binciken kasa da aka yi karatu a wata 12-kilometer zurfin. Gano biyu main yadudduka: da crystalline da laka. A farko kunshi kankara da shekaru girmi Cambrian, tare da hada daban-daban tectonic tsarin da kuma yankin gibba. Na biyu jinsin aka kafa Paleozoic Mesozoic da Cenozoic.

Kafuwar dukan abubuwa na nukiliya ikon shuka ya wuce ta baƙin yumɓu da yashi, kuma ta dogara ne a kan Maikop clays. Filin nukiliya ikon shuka nasa ne da lamba naúrar a crystalline tushe. Recent binciken da tabbatar da cewa tsarin da ba ya nuna tectonic aiki a kan miliyan 300 shekara.

Samu ta hanyar girgizar kasa Ft Irfan wuri profile yayi dace subhorizontal sedimentary kankara. Yanzu ƙasa ta ɓawon burodi a wannan wuri ne motsi a gudun 0 ... 4.5 mm a kowace shekara. Research yawa daga wasu abubuwa a cikin ruwan karkashin kasa da kuma a cikin iska ba gano tectonic laifinsu.

seismicity

A nazarin nan da nan, kuma m cibiyoyin babbar tectonic events an halicci bukatun ga zane-akai girgizar kasa. Ƙarfinsa ne 5 da maki kuma periodicity - sau daya a cikin shekaru 500. Dokokin da girgizar kasa Properties na data kasance breeds damar shiga yankin domin hada da yankin na girgizar kasa girma 6, wanda ke faruwa sau daya a cikin 5 da 10 da dubu. Years.

Bisa ga bayanan samu a cikin zane kafa seismostability 1 aya mafi girma. Lissafi na aikin takardun da aka sanya a kan tushen da matsakaicin girgizar kasa tsanani 7 da maki.

hydrogeological yanayi

Bincike ya gano gaban duniya 2 aquifers. Fi kusa da surface Layer na ruwa kẽwayãwa a cikin kusanci ko'ina. Binciken da tabbatar da zurfin na ruwan karkashin kasa a yi site 0,2-18 m. Ruwa analysis saukar high su hallakaswa sakamako a kan kankare da karafa.

Na biyu aquifer aka located a cikin iyakoki na wani nan gaba abu a zurfin 6.8 zuwa 39 m bayan ciko. Tsimlyanskii tafki ruwan karkashin kasa ingancin kula canza ga muni: ƙãra ma'adinai abun ciki da kuma rabo daga sulphate. Kusa da abu karkashin yi ba a karkashin kasa da kuma surface kafofin ruwan sha, na abin da akwai shinge ga samar da yawan jama'a. Babu reserves, da kuma yiwuwar domin irin wannan nan gaba amfani.

aminci

Rostov NPP aminci an tabbatar da wani tsarin da daban-daban shingen da zai yiwu baza rediyoaktif kayayyakin. The kariya makirci:

• Fuel tsarin. Its m bayyanar da wani musamman tsarin ba da damar yaduwar m kayayyakin.
• Shãfe haske flasks na zirconium, a cikin abin da uranium ne tableted.
• Shãfe haske bango bututu na farko kewaye da shirye ruwa-ruwa bayani, da kuma sauran kayan aiki.
• Hatsari sarrafawa tsarin, wanda ya kunshi mai m dakile kuma sprinkler tsarin. A shãmaki hada da wani iko zane da shãfe haske mashigar ga nassi na mutane, sufurin kaya da kuma sauran kayan aiki.

Duk da cewa interacts da rediyoaktif abubuwa, aka located ciki da dakile. An tsara da kuma giggina shan la'akari domin yin tsayayya da dama waje tsoma: 7-aya iyakar zane girgizar kasa, babban hadari, guguwa, buge da iska tãguwar ruwa.

Radiation kariya na yanayi ne ma azurta raba lambatu tsarin, ruwa da sanyaya, da dai sauransu .. Juyin ruwa da kuma m sharar incineration ne da za'ayi a cikin tashar. Ciyar da man fetur da aka sa a cikin na musamman wuraren waha a kan wani uku tsawon shekara da kuma hawa a musamman kwantena dogo.

Number of raka'a

Rostov NPP ikon da aka ƙaddara da Naira Miliyan Xari da wasan kwaikwayon na mutum ikon raka'a. A farko da na biyu na su zõ da wutar lantarki ga 1 GW. Sai dai itace cewa a halin yanzu makaman nukiliya ikon iya aiki ne 2 GW. A 2001 da kuma 2010. a cikin aiki da farko da na biyu naúrar na Rostov nukiliya ikon shuka da aka gabatar.

Fara 3 na Rostov NPP ya faru a cikin watan Nuwamba 2014, da kuma ta hada a cikin hadade makamashi tsarin da ya faru a watan Disamba. Iyãwarsa za a kashe a cikin Crimea, wanda aka fuskantar da rashin wutar lantarki.

A watan Fabrairu-Maris, naúrar yawan 3 na Rostov NPP tsaya ga shirya m tabbatarwa. Sun kasance a sashen da turbines da reactor, kazalika a duk shagunan. Wadannan ayyuka - a zama dole mataki na cikin shirye-shiryen tashar ga m a cike iya aiki.

Aiki a kan yi karo na hudu, naúrar na Rostov nukiliya ikon shuka suna da za'ayi a cike lilo. A halin yanzu shiri ya wuce 50%. Ikon naúrar № 4 Rostov NPP an shirya ya fara a shekara ta 2017

A hatsari a Rostov NPP

Agusta 6, 2014 a lokacin da aikin gine-gine a kan 3rd ikon naúrar na Rostov NPP ya wani matsanancin taron: fall na inji mai farfela daga albarku na crane karusa.

Yana kafa hukumar tantance musabbabin abin da ya faru da kuma gano wadanda ke da alhakin. A binciken da na injin turbin naúrar ya nuna cewa shi ba a lalace. Lamarin ba zai shafi lokaci na ƙarshe.

A safiyar 11.04.2014 da mazauna kauyuka da garuruwa na kudancin gundumomi na Rostov yankin samu interruptions a wutar lantarki. Matsaloli ji da jama'ar na Arewa Caucasus yankin. Hasken ya tafi a cikin gidajen kusan miliyan 2 mutane.

Daga baya ya ruwaito cikin dalilan da ya faru. A wajen kudu layi na aikin da aka za'ayi. A wani matsayi da aiki da cibiyar sadarwa aka cire ta daga farko da na biyu tubalan na makamashin nukiliya. A wani gajeren ikon lokaci da aka yi a kan kayayyakin watsa Lines.

Lamarin ba zai shafi bango radiation area (duk yawa ne a cikin al'ada range), babu dalilin damuwa da yawan jama'a.