"Mudyug" (icebreaker). Diesel-lantarki icebreaker "Mudyug"

Rasha jihar bakin teku line tare da Arctic Ocean ne don haka mai girma cewa kasar ta na bukatar da rundunar icebreakers. Amma icebreakers suna aiki ba kawai a Arewa. Sun rike kotu duk shekara zagaye, da kuma misãlin tekuna da koguna.

A tarihin Rasha icebreaker jiragen ruwa

A arewacin waɗansu kõguna na Rasha ya dade amfani da kankara-watse jiragen. A farko jirgin icebreaker aka gina a Kronstadt a 1864, da kuma riga a karshen XIX karni aka hukumance halitta icebreaker jiragen ruwa. Shahararren icebreaker "Ermak", ra'ayin da mallakar mataimakin Admiral S. O. Makarovu kuma sanannen masanin kimiyya D. I. Mendeleevu, aka kafa a kan Turanci masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa a 1897.

Ma'aikatar cikin Navy na Rasha Empire a 1913, ya sanar da wani m domin gina goma sha biyu mikakke kuma tashar jiragen ruwa icebreakers. Duniya na farko line icebreaker "Svyatogor" da aka gina a 1917 da "Sir Armstrong da kuma K °" aikin S. O. Makarova. Daga baya, an sake masa suna, kuma ya fara gudanar da da sunan "Krasin".

A farko Soviet icebreakers aka gina a cikin gida shipyards a 1938-1941 shekaru. Ice jiragen ruwa na Tarayyar Soviet kunshi cikin gida kotuna, Birtaniya, Jamus, Danish, Finnish, kuma Kanada yi.

A Soviet icebreaker jiragen ruwa a bayansa da tare da duniya ta farko nukiliya-powered icebreaker "Lenin" a shekara ta 1959, da aka gina a Admiralty masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa.

Diesel icebreakers ga Soviet Navy gina a shipyards a Finland. Yana da aka iko da kuma jiragen ruwa rubuta "Moscow", kuma icebreakers rubuta "Captain Sorokin" iya aiki 16.2 MW tsara domin kewayawa a bakin Arctic kõguna da yankunan da m zurfin a yanayin zafi na -50 ° C, da kuma icebreakers na type "Mudyug". By ƙarshen Soviet tarihi na cikin gida da icebreaking rundunar kunshi 36 tasoshin.

Mudyug tsibirin

A fadar White Sea a kusa da bakin Arewa Dvina River ne wani tsibirin na girma halitta kyakkyawa cewa janyo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa da kuma kyakkyawa, mai tsabta iska da teku, da kuma m tarihi. Mudyug zuwa Arkhangelsk da dabarun muhimmancin, shi ne guda a matsayin Kronstadt zuwa St. Petersburg.

A lokacin yakin duniya na farko da kuma a farkon yakin basasa akwai wani taro sansanin halitta da invaders-na-yaki, wanda daga baya ya zama kõre nanata kurkuku. A zango, sa'an nan zuwa kurkuku sun tausayi yanayi, inda 'yan tsira, don haka Mudyug kira "Tsibirin na mutuwa."

Yanzu tsibirin ne da tarihi da kuma yanayin ajiye, wanda ya hada da ragowar sansanonin da kurkuku, manyan mashirya hasumiya mai fitila a 1875 da kuma hasumiya mai fitila gina a shekara ta 1938.

Monument zuwa wadanda ke fama da baki da aka kafa a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da wadanda aka kashe a tsibirin a 1928, na farko a cikin dutse, da sumunti, kuma a shekarar 1958 ya aka maye gurbinsu da dutse.
Sunan tsibirin da ake kira jirgin. "Mudyug" - a dizal-lantarki icebreaker damar 7 MW, gina a shekarar 1982.

Icebreaker "Mudyug"

Translation wannan sunan da Finno-Ugric - "meandering kogin". Sunan, in general, daidai da na yanzu aiki na karin icebreaker.

Yana da aka gina a shekarar 1982 a kan shahara Finnish masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa "Wärtsilä" (Finnish icebreakers karya kankara a lokacin icebreaking rundunar motoci na duniya), kazalika da biyu sauran icebreakers - "Dixon" da "Magadan" - bayan shi. Ya fara aiki a matsayin "Mudyug" yin aiki a cikin Murmansk Shipping Company, sa'an nan aka canjawa wuri zuwa Arkhangelsk. A shekarar 1987, "Mudyug" da aka remade ta Swiss aikin. A gaban da rabi na icebreaker aka gaba daya sāke gina, da kuma yanzu da ya hanci yayi kama wata katuwar overshoe masu girma dabam. jirgin tank zama sosai fili, amma rincabewa sirri da kuma wani sabon hanci, wanda aka asali raya for bakin ciki kankara tabkuna a Switzerland, ya kasa karya da m kankara na Arctic. Kuma da karin icebreaker aka canjawa wuri zuwa St. Petersburg a Arewa-Maso-Yamma reshe na Rosmorport.

Yanzu shi cuts da matasa kankara a Fairway a cikin Neva Bay, da tsiri na ruwa mai tsabta bayan shi ga pilotage ne m da lebur.

Features icebreaker

Ma'abũcin karin icebreaker "Mudyug" ne Arewa-Maso-Yamma Basin Branch of FSUE "Rosmorport", dangana shi zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na St. Petersburg. "Rosmorport" kotun tabbatar da lafiya kewayawa a cikin ruwan Rasha tashoshin jiragen ruwa a kan Baltic Sea da kuma a kan hanyoyin da shi.

Icebreaker da damar 7.3 MW bugun jini tasowa gudun a bude ruwa na 16,5 knots. Its tsawon shi ne 111,6 mita, nisa - 22.2 mita, daftarin - 6.8 mita, tsawo - 38 mita. Total kawar da icebreaker - 8,154 dubu ton, ice-rufe - 115 santimita.

Ice passability - da ikon da icebreaker don motsawa a cika engine iko a m kankara, shi ya nuna da kankara da jirgin ruwa da kuma auna matsakaicin kauri da kankara, a cikin abin da jirgin ruwa na iya zama ci gaba da matsawa a mafi sauri.

Bisa ga "Rosmorport" icebreaker "Mudyug" ashirin da biyar kwana iya zama a cikin m kewayawa, kuma ta yanki na yin iyo a cikin Baltic Sea ba a iyakance.

ganawa icebreaker

Karin icebreaker "Mudyug" tsara don m icebreaking manyan tasoshin, watau kwanciya tashar ruwa mai tsabta, ice-free. Tun da ãyari tsawon dogara da ruwa mai tsabta da tashar tsawon icebreaker, "Mudyug" tafiyar iya kawo daga dama tasoshin. Yana kuma iya ja a kai-propelled tasoshin da kuma iyo Tsarin ba kawai a kan kankara, amma kuma ruwa mai tsabta. The bayani dalla-dalla na "icebreaker", wanda ya tanadi wani lebur tashar, damar da shi zuwa ja da jiragen ruwa a kan wani dogon ja.

Its kayan aiki da damar su bice gobara a kan duk shuke-shuke, ba kawai a kan iyo abubuwa, da kuma yin aiki domin samar da taimako ga tasoshin da suke cikin wahala, kuma a cikin kankara, da kuma bude ruwa.

Gwaji a kan zamani na kankara-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi

Da farko, ice-rufe warware ta kara da nauyin da jirgin da kuma damar da iko shuke-shuke. Amma ya juya waje cewa wani bambanci a cikin abin da kankara da aka yanke a wani kwana, ba gags, kamar yadda shi ne mafi tasiri. A wannan na musamman nau'i na da ƙwanso form ka damar tura a tarnaƙi na jirgin yanke da kankara a karkashin kankara tsararru, da barin baya da icebreaker tsabta tsiri na ruwa, maimakon da wani ɓaɓɓake daga kankara, wanda ba kowane jirgin iya wuce.

West Jamus kamfanin "Thyssen-Waack 'kira da nasara kwarewa na zamani na kankara-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi" Maks Valdek "da" Mudyug "samu zuwa rework. Elongated hanci rabo da kuma warai boye a karkashin ta maras ban sha'awa ɓangare na anga hawse bututu da kuma ya ba Yunƙurin WAGs kira icebreaker "galosh" ko "kafafen hancinsa".

Tun teku gwaji ya faru a lokacin rani, kankara a Franz Josef yankin na Duniya ya ba sosai lokacin farin ciki, da kuma gwaje-gwaje ba m sakamakon. Amma a cikin hunturu a kan m pilotage taso a baya ba, su gani da lahani. Astern kankara BREAKING tafi a duk iya ba, kuma a gaban shi aka matsattse tare da kankara. Bugu da kari, da glaciologists sun nuna cewa Multi-shekara kankara tare da hummocks yankan ba zai yiwu ba, kamar yadda sun yi tsayayya da wani daya-shekara, wanda yanke wa "Mudyug" gwaje-gwaje. Icebreaker ƙarshe canjawa wuri zuwa ga Baltic Sea.

Festivals icebreakers

A farkon watan Mayu 2014 aka gudanar icebreakers festival. Yana da aka gudanar a St. Petersburg, ya kasance na farko a duniya, kuma an sadaukar da sesquicentennial na icebreaker rundunar Rasha. Petersburg ya dauki hits icebreakers. Kawai ranar farko ta idin aka ziyarci by fiye da dubu goma mutane. Shahararren Arctic icebreaker "Krasin" tare da wani arziki da kuma jaruntakar tarihi. Port icebreaker «Ivan Kruzenshtern", mai suna bayan da babban matafiyi admiral IF Kruzenshtern. daya daga shida icebreakers, mai suna bayan sanannen Soviet shugabannin "Captain Zarubin". Modern icebreakers da ceto kayan aiki ga wuta extinguishing a bude teku da kuma yaki da man zube "Moscow" da "St. Petersburg" - a cikin irin wannan ban mamaki wuri ya cancanci a ma'aikacin "Mudyug" icebreaker for pilotage a cikin misãlin tekuna.

A karo na biyu da festival da aka gudanar a watan Mayu 2015. Ya aka sadaukar domin ya sabain Nasara da kuma amfani mahalarta iyakacin duniya convoys a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. Sa'an nan, St. Petersburg shirya wani farati da icebreakers. Bugu da kari a bara ta mahalarta, icebreaker "Krasin", "Ivan Kruzenshtern", "Mudyug" da "Moscow", ya halarci bikin "Nevskaya Zastava" da kuma "Captain Sorokin."

Future Rasha icebreaker jiragen ruwa

Yanzu ɓullo da wani jihar shirin samar da wani sabon icebreaking rundunar Rasha, tun mafi data kasance jiragen ruwa da za a rubuta kashe.

Duk da za a gina dizal-lantarki icebreakers: line aiki a cikin Arctic, da ikon a kan shafts a cikinsa - 25 MW. Layin ga misãlin tekuna damar 16-18 MW. AIDS tare da damar 7 MW, kamar icebreaker "Mudyug".

Class icebreaker lk-25D iya, ya maye gurbin icebreaker "Krasin" da "Admiral Makarov", samar a lokacin rani kewayawa da kuma ceto na cargoes jiragen ruwa a gabas, da kuma duk shekara zagaye - a yammacin Arctic yankin, a kan Yenisei.

Icebreakers irin lk-18D, wanda an yi su ne don maye gurbin da finjãlai na "Captain Sorokin," iya samar da ba kawai sufuri a gabashin Arctic da Far East, amma kuma a cikin sabon alamar a cikin yankunan da Far East tasa.
Icebreakers rubuta lk-7D zo ba kawai don maye gurbin karin dizal-lantarki jiragen ruwa kamar "Mudyug".

sabon ƙarni icebreaker ake bukata domin cin gaban sabuwar kwatance na zirga-zirga a cikin Far East da kuma Arctic, kuma zuwa sabis sabon tashoshin jiragen ruwa da kuma tashoshi.