Tarihin Paleontology na Moscow. Adireshi a Moscow. Tarihi, abubuwan ban sha'awa da lokutan aiki

Moscow akan burbushin halitta Museum a Moscow yana daya daga cikin duniya most tarin na ci gaba da biosphere na Duniya. Cibiyar ta zama wani ɓangare na Jami'ar Paleontological Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Tarihi

A shekara ta 1714, Tsar Peter Na halitta Kunstkamera, inda aka tattara abubuwan da ba a gani ba, kuma manyan abubuwan da aka karɓa sun kasance dabbobi ne. Dangane da wannan tarin, an kafa wasu gidajen tarihi, ciki har da Paleontological Museum. A lokacin da aka kafa shi, kudaden da aka gudanar sun nuna yawancin abubuwan da suka faru, wanda ke cikin ɗakin dakuna biyu da ke kewaye da yanki na mita 1500. Bugu da ƙari, an sake ƙaddamar da bayanin da aka tsara a sakamakon haɗin kimiyya. A shekarar 1931 an tsara tsarin shirin kayan gidan kayan gargajiya, amma ba a fara aikin ba dangane da canja wurin zuwa Moscow.

A cikin babban birnin kasar, an fara bude makarantar a 1937 a cikin tsohon gini na gundumar Count Orlov, sunan da aka rubuta a matsayin hukuma: Paleontological Museum. Adireshi (a Moscow): Big Kaluga titi, da gina lambar 16. A farko nuni dauki kawai 700 murabba'in mita. A lokacin yakin basasa, an rufe yakin, kuma mafi yawan tarin suka shiga fitarwa. An buɗe wannan lokacin kafin karshen yakin, a 1944, amma yana da wuya a gudanar da tafiye-tafiye da kuma sanya wuraren nuni, da kuma kiyaye wuraren ajiya a yanayin da ya dace. A shekara ta 1954, an rufe cibiyar.

Wani bincike

Daraktan darakta a gidan kayan gargajiya - Macan Academician Orlov Yu - Hukumomi sun dauki aikin gina sabon wuri. Ginin magungunan ya samo asali ne daga rukuni na gine-ginen, ra'ayin yana da kyau sosai cewa aikin ya karbi kyautar jihar. An fara gina ne kawai a 1972. Dukkan ayyukan sunyi kusan shekaru ashirin, sanin su, basira da basirar su ba kawai ta hanyar ma'aikatan gidan kayan gargajiya da masu gine-gine ba, har ma da masu fasaha, masu zane-zane, masu zane-zane.

A halin yanzu, Paleontological Museum yana da mahimmanci, inda gine-ginen ya zama ci gaba da kimiyya, farkon tsari yana kusa da burbushin halittu na shekaru miliyan da yawa. Ginin shi ne katanga mai shinge tare da kotu na ciki, inda ake mayar da hankali ga bangarori hudu na talifin, wanda ya kasance sanannun hasumiya. Don samun fahimtar abubuwan da za a iya gani, za ku iya zuwa wurin jin dadi na babban birnin, inda ake da Paleontological Museum. Adireshin a Moscow shine kamar haka: titin Profsoyuznaya, gidan jan tubali No. 123.

Bayani

Cibiyar Tarihin Paleontology ta kira ga dakunan taruwa na kowane mutum mai ban sha'awa. Dukkanin bayani yana da kimanin murabba'in kilomita dubu biyar na yanki kuma ya kasu kashi hudu, inda akwai dakunan dakuna guda shida. Tafiya ta wurinsu, baƙo ya san abubuwan dabbobi da suka gabata kuma ya samo asalin juyin halitta daga siffofin farko da aka sani ga mutane ga wakilan flora da fauna na yau.

Yawancin burbushin da aka samu zuwa ga tarin mahalarta na kimiyyar kimiyya, wanda aka gudanar a Rasha, Mongoliya, China, tsohon tsoffin jam'iyyun jihohi. Musamman abubuwa ba su bar kowa ba. Tawon bude ido na iya ziyarta da duk wanda yake so ya je Makarantar Paleontological. Adireshin a Moscow: st. Profsoyuznaya, gidan 123. Kowane ɗakin fadar gidan kayan gargajiya ya nuna duka wakilan halayen dabbobin duniya na zamani, da kuma tarin tsire-tsire na zamani.

Halls na gidan kayan gargajiya

An tattara dalla-dalla a cikin dakuna shida:

• Gabatarwa. Gidan na farko na gidan kayan gargajiya ya san wannan balaguro tare da fassarar manufofin kodayuwa, hanyoyin bincike, manyan sassan kimiyya. Bayanin ya zama jigon da ke kunshe da nune-nunen da abubuwan kirkirar da ke nuna ra'ayi akan rayuwa. Babbar panel "Tree of Life" yana dauke da siffofin dabbobi, flora, suna nuna siffofin tsaka-tsakin, haifuwa da sababbin jinsuna da shekarun da suke rayuwa a duniya. Yankin panel yana da kimanin mita 500, yana tayi mita takwas, yana kusan dukkanin gefen hasumiya. A bene na biyu akwai tsaye tare da kayan aiki game da kimiyyar kimiyya. Cibiyar zauren ta kasance ta jefa simintin rhino na indricoteria rhino.
• Hall na Precambrian lokaci. A nan an tattara wakilan flora da fauna na wannan lokaci, wanda ba a san kusan lokaci ba. Mafi yawan ɓangaren da aka tattara shi ne ta hanyar invertebrates, da kuma juyin halitta na duniya duniyar an gano shi a nan.
• Moscow yankin. A cikin zauren akwai tarin da yake kwatanta ilimin geology da ka'idar kimiyya ba wai kawai na White Stone ba: ɗaukarta ya fi girma fiye da iyakoki na zamani na yankin Moscow. Wannan ya hada da Kaluga, Yaroslavl, Vladimir da sauran yankunan da ke kusa. Ƙungiyar Moscow na dogon lokaci wani abu ne na ruwa, kuma tarin ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa na wannan lokacin. Har ila yau, ta gabatar da ma'aunan kasa sassan, hali na yankin, ya nuna m mollusks, kwaro, nazarin halittu mazauna, bawo na Ammonawa, da yawa wasu abubuwan.
• Late Paleozoic. Zauren gidan kayan gargajiya yana da alaƙa ga tsarin juyin halitta, wanda sakamakon haka ya fara fitowa daga farko. A wannan lokacin, gandun daji tare da bishiyoyi masu ban sha'awa da wasu tsire-tsire suna girma. Wadannan nune-nunen suna yanke irin su ne, inda aka sanya kifaye da yawa, ƙananan ƙwayoyi. Ana nuna alamar kwalliya na tsohuwar haɗari. Sai dai don bayyanar, a kowane ɗakin gidan kulawa na gidan kayan gargajiya ya kai ga wani zane na musamman tare da aikin masu mawallafin marubucin. Kuna iya gwada su ta hanyar zuwa masallacin Paleontological. Adireshin a Moscow shi ne: Farfesa Profsoyuznaya, gidan No. 123.
• Mesozoic. Daya daga cikin manyan dakuna. A nan akwai dinosaur, tsire-tsire na zamanin Mesozoic, ƙarancin fauna. Wasu jinsunan da suka samo asali a cikin wannan zamani, suna rayuwa da yanzu, misali alamu, macizai, turtles, crocodiles da sauransu. Big tarin aka wakilta a fiddawa kwarangwal dinosaur, pterosaurs da sauransu.
• Cenozoic. Tafiya a cikin wannan zauren ya san mai ziyara da haihuwa na jinsin dabbobi, ya fada game da ci gaban su, yana motsawa ta cikin nahiyoyi da yawa.

Ziyarci zancen zai zama mai ban sha'awa ga manya, kuma ga yara yana da amfani da ban sha'awa. Don gane da wannan, shi wajibi ne su zo da bincike akan burbushin halitta Museum a Moscow. Address / Metro: Profsoyuznaya Street, Building 123, "Konkovo" Metro tashar da kuma "Teply Stan".

Yawon shakatawa

Domin shekaru daban-daban na makaranta, an shirya shirye-shiryen tafiye-tafiye, yana ƙara ɗakunan ɓangaren ilimin halitta da kuma ilimin geography:

• Ga ɗaliban ƙananan tarurruka: "Turanci na balaga", wani yawon shakatawa "A cikin duniyar dattawa", "Saduwa: dinosaur!".
• Ga dalibai na maki 5-8: "Dinosaur da lokaci", "Ta yaya dabbobi suka tashi", "Hanyar ci gaba na duniya dabba".
• Ga daliban makarantar sakandare: "Ci gaba da dabbobi masu shayarwa", "Juyin halitta na duniya"
• Yawon shakatawa na kowacce shekara: "Mawaki na lokacin Jurassic".

Don baƙi akwai kofofin bude kofa ga dandalin Paleontological a Moscow. Adireshin da yanayin aiki sune kamar haka: Profsoyuznaya Street, 123. Samun damar gabatarwa zai bude daga Laraba zuwa Lahadi daga 10:00 zuwa 18:00. Daga Oktoba zuwa May karshen mako kwana - Litinin da Talata.

Cibiyar

An shirya gidan kayan gargajiya a Cibiyar Paleontological. AA Borisyaka. Wannan babbar jami'ar Rasha ce, babban mahimmanci shine nazarin halittu, dukiyarsu, ci gaba. Har ila yau, yawancin binciken ya hada da matakai na juyin halitta, samar da yanayin halittu, yanayin halittu na duniya.

Ma'aikatan ma'aikata masu bincike ne kwararru na fannoni daban-daban na ilmin halitta. Cibiyar ta gudanar da bincike na kimiyya, an buɗe sababbin hanyoyi daban-daban - ka'idar falsafa, kwayoyin cutar kwayoyin halitta, da sauransu. An gudanar da hadin gwiwa tare da Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Rasha, inda ma'aikatan Cibiyar suka shiga shirye-shiryen bincike "Bambancin halittu", "Asalin halittu da juyin halitta na tsarin halittu" da sauransu.

Sauran ayyukan

Ayyukan da ma'aikatan gidan kayan gargajiya suka yi sunyi yawa don dalilai na ilimi. Sabili da haka, an halicci ilimin zane-zane, inda dalibai suka karbi ƙarin ilimin game da kwayar halitta, je zuwa kwarewa a yankin Moscow, sauraron laccoci, ziyarci ɗakin ɗakin binciken makarantar.

A kan darussan darussan dalibai suna koyon asirin adana samfuran ma'adanai, koyi don yin kwaskwarima da tattara kwarangwal, nazarin tsari na tsire-tsire da dabbobi a cikin yanayin binciken. Duk wanda yake so ya buɗe asirin halitta zai iya shiga cikin karon, don haka ya kamata a tuntubi gidan mujallar Paleontological. Kila ka tuna da adireshin a Moscow: Profsoyuznaya Street, 123.

Kowace shekara gidan kayan gidan kayan tarihi yana gudanar da bitar koyarwa inda malamai na makarantu, manyan ɗalibai, masu ilimin kimiyyar makarantun sakandare, da dai sauransu suka shiga. An shirya shirin don zurfafa nazarin ilimin ilmin halitta, ilimin geography, kodayayyar kimiyya, babban mahimmanci karatun gida ne. Don haɓaka shi wajibi ne don amfani da gidan kayan gargajiya. Kwanan nan suna faruwa a wannan ginin inda Paleontological Museum yake a Moscow. Adireshin ya san: Profsoyuznaya Street, d.123.

Bayani mai amfani

Samun sabon ilmi, ciyar da lokaci tare da amfani ga dukan iyali ya kira Paleontological Museum a Moscow.

Address, Metro, Farashin:

• Profsoyuznaya Street, gini №123.
• Gidan tashar metro shine Teply Stan, Konkovo.
• Farashin: cikakke - 300 rubles; Kwararrun ('yan kuɗi, dalibai,' yan makaranta) - 150 rubles; Ziyarci yara a ƙarƙashin shekara shida, ma'aikatan gidan kayan gargajiya, masu halartar Warren Patriotic War - don kyauta.
• Kudin tafiye-tafiyen da aka kafa ya danganta da yawan mutane a cikin rukunin, fara farashin - daga 3500 rubles ga rukuni na sama har 6.