Tebur na tarihi na Block. Blok Alexander Aleksandrovich - Tarihin Halitta

Block Alexander Aleksandrovich babban marubuci ne na Rasha wanda ya sami daraja a farkon karni na 20. Da yake karanta juyin juya halin Rasha a cikin ayyukansu, Blok bai daina yin waƙoƙin tsarkakewa da ƙaunarsa kaɗai, wanda ya ɗauki dukan rayuwarsa.

Tebur na tarihi

Nuwamba 16, 1880 - ranar haihuwar mawãƙi.

1889-1898 - karatu a gymnasium.

1898-1906 - karatu a Jami'ar Petersburg. Slavic-Rasha Sashen Tarihi da Falsafa Faculty.

1903 - Yin auren Blok zuwa Lyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva.

1904 - wallafa littafin farko na mawãƙi a ƙarƙashin taken "Wa'azi game da kyakkyawa Lady", sadaukar da shi ga matarsa.

1905-1908 - Alexander Blok ya fahimci alkawarinsa na gaskiya game da ra'ayin juyin juya hali. Duk aikin da mawaki ya yi na gaba ya hade da bikin biki na Bolsheviks. An san mawakan kuma an ji dadinsa da maƙwabtansa.

1907-1911 - Hanyar Blok ta Italiya, Jamus, Turai. An tsara jerin ayyuka masu kyau. "Wakilin Italiyanci" - wani abu mai ban mamaki na mawaƙi.

1916 - farkon sabis a cikin sojojin, a cikin injiniya da kuma gina tawagar.

1917 - aiki a cikin Hukumar Shari'a ta Kasa. "Kwanaki na Ƙarshe na Harkokin Kasuwanci" wani littafi ne wanda Blok ya rubuta bisa ga kwarewar da aka samu.

1921 - Binciken jama'a na karshe na Blok a gaban mutane.

Ranar 7 ga watan Agustan 1921, mawãƙi ya mutu daga cutar da ba a sani ba.

Wakilin na Rasha intelligentsia

Tsarin lissafi na asalin ya fara a St. Petersburg. An san sanannen mawaka na Rasha a 1880, ranar 16 ga watan Nuwamba (bisa ga sabon salon - Nuwamba 28). Iyalan 'yan Rasha wadanda aka haifa yaron, tun daga yaro, ya ba mawallaci ra'ayin kyawawan dabi'un kimiyya da wallafe-wallafe. Kakan Alexander Blok Beketov ya rector na jami'a, uwarsa Alexandra Andreevna yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara, mahaifin Aleksandr Lvovich Block aiki a matsayin wata dokar farfesa ne, a Jami'ar Warsaw. Tsarin lissafi na tari din ya ƙunshi wani abu mai girma a cikin mawaka na yara - saki na iyaye. An haifa yaro a cikin iyalin kakansa, mahaifiyarsa, mahaifiyarsa da kuma tsohuwar mahaifinta a cikin Shakhmatovo. Amma sunan mawaki ya sawa mahaifinsa. Block Alexander Aleksandrovich ya kasance har zuwa karshen rayuwarsa a matsayin dan mahaifinsa, ko da yake yana da shekaru tara ya koma tare da mahaifiyarsa zuwa mahaifinsa. Alexandra Andreevna ya sake yin aure ga Jami'in Tsaro kuma ya ɗauki danta tare da ita. A wannan shekara ta 1889, ƙananan Sasha sun shiga gidan motsa jiki.

Ƙirƙirar

Koyarwa a kan ayyukan Alexander Pushkin, VA Zhukovsky, AA Feta, mawãƙi ya fara kirkiro tun daga farkon shekaru. Lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, Alexander Blok ya fara rubuta waƙa, mamaki da kuma faranta wa gidan. Hakika, abubuwan da ya fara halitta sune kwaikwayon ayyukan karatun, amma fasaha na zane-zane yana da tasiri sosai. A cikin shekaru, ayyukan aikin Blok sun cika da iko, ya rubuta wasu, a lokacin yaro ya yi kokarin buga mujallu. An nuna ƙaunar matasa a cikin waƙoƙi. Lokacin da yake tsufa, Blok ya ba da jima'i na shayari ga mata. Kyakkyawan mata - hoton da ya tashi a cikin zuciyar mawaƙi, ya kasance har abada cikin ayyukansa. Samfurin shine Lyubov Mendeleeva, matar da kuma ƙaunar mawaƙi.

Ƙaunar Ɗaya

Tare da kyawawan mata, mawaki ya kusan kusan haihuwa. Iyalan masanin kimiyya mai suna Dmitry Mendeleyev da kuma jami'in Jami'ar Andrey Beketov sun kasance abokai, magana, sun yi amfani da lokaci mai tsawo. Little Sasha da Lyuba, wadanda ke da shekaru daban-daban a cikin shekaru, sun san juna tun lokacin da suka kasance yara - suna sau da yawa a cikin gonar, tare da gida ko kuma hanyoyi. Da girma, maza suna tare da wasan kwaikwayon, suna fuskantar irin wannan sha'awar da kuma sha'awar wasan kwaikwayon. Shakespeare wani marubuci ne da ya fi so ga matasa masu wasan kwaikwayo. Alexander ya buga Hamlet, kuma Yana ƙauna - Ophelia. Halin da ya ragu a tsakanin matasa ya jagoranci matasa zuwa ƙarshen dangantakar da aka haɗu - bikin aure. Tsarin lokaci na Bloc a 1903 an kara da shi ta wani muhimmin abu: marubucin ya yi aure.

Ƙarin juna

Bayan sanya wannan tayin a cikin yanayi mai kyau da kuma karɓar yarjejeniyar da aka dade tun daga ƙaunatacciyar ƙaunata, Blok Alexander Aleksandrovich ya zama namiji mai aure. Tarihin marubucin, zai zama alama, yana bunkasa nasara, amma a gaskiya ma'auratar ba ta da farin ciki sosai. Mawãƙi ya yi wa matarsa sujada, ya nuna ta da yabo, ya ƙaddara halittunsa. Mafi ƙaunar mai ƙauna da ƙauna mai kama da Alexander Blok. Wa'azi game da kyawawan mata da matarsa madauwamin suna sadaukar da ita ga mace ƙaunatacciya, amma rayuwar iyalin kanta tana rushewa. Matar matashi ba zata iya jira da miji na sabuwar aikin ba, tushen aure: Blok bai yarda da zumunta ta jiki da matarsa ba. Matan da ya raunana a kan bikin auren, ya bayyana cewa ba za ta kasance tare da ita ba kamar yadda yarinya take yi, domin ita kyakkyawa ce a gare shi.

Wahala na Lyubov Dmitrievna

Lyubasha yana jin hawaye, yana ƙoƙarin gano ainihin dalilin da baiwar mijinta ya kasance tare da ita ba. Ta samo tufafi masu launi, ta umurci kyawawan ruhohi da tufafi masu ban sha'awa, tare da mijinta, a kowace hanyar da ta nuna ta nuna sha'awa ga mata. Amma duk ba shi da nasara. Kamar yadda a baya, Blok Aleksandr Aleksandrovich ya kasance da aminci ga manufa. Tarihin mawakan zai cika da tarurruka tare da mata masu ban sha'awa, wasu litattafai tare da mata masu aiki, amma mata kaɗai da ƙaunatacce za ta kasance a gare shi abin allah wanda bazai iya kuskure ya taɓa ba, don kada ya ƙazantar da tsarki. Amma tambayar matarsa game da yadda za a ci gaba da zama duka biyu, Blok ya ce kowa yana da 'yanci a zabi, kuma suna da' yanci don zaɓar wasu, ko da sun yi aure.

Rayuwar Mawaki

M, cike da karfi da kuma sha'awar, amma irin wannan mummunan rayuwa an ƙaddara ya zama babban mawãƙi. Kusan shekaru 41 ne kawai ya haifar da daya daga cikin masu kirkirar Azumin Azurfa. Lokacin rayuwar Alexander Blok ya ba shi zarafin jin dadi na gaske, ya dauki shi a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, ya sami kwarewa ga babban mawuyacin hali - mawãƙi ya yi imani da ra'ayoyin juyin juya hali, ya yi aiki tare da sabon ikon da aka kafa a Rasha a cikin shekarun nan. Shi ne darektan Bolshoi Theatre, ya kasance memba na Sashen Harkokin Tsaro na Ma'aikatar Kasuwancin Kasuwanci ta Jama'a. Bolsheviks sun fahimci aikin marubucin mawallafi, suna kira shi na farko a Rasha.

Duk da haka, waka na Alexander Blok "The Twelve" ya haifar da wani mummunar motsin zuciyarmu a tsakanin 'yan Kwaminis. Hoton Yesu Almasihu, wanda mawallafin da aka kwatanta a cikin aikin, ba mafi yawan masu karatu a lokacin ba. Tebur na tari na Bloc ya haɗa da kama mawaki a lokutan tuhuma da yanke hukuncin kisa. Amma a takarda da wani masani dan Blok ya san, dukkanin zarge-zarge na cin amana sun watsar da su.

A ƙarshen rayuwarsa mawallaci yana da lafiya sosai. Ya zauna ne kawai, matarsa ta ɓata a duniya, tana taka rawa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda kanta kanta take tallafawa, ta mallaki wasu kudaden da ta samu daga mahaifinta sanannen. Romawa don littafin ne Lyubov Dmitrievna ya gabatar da ita, har yanzu yana sanar da mijinta a wasikar cewa tana ƙaunarsa a cikin dukan duniya. Kafin mutuwarsa, Alexander Blok dole ne ya fahimci babban kuskuren da yayi kuskuren aure - da kuma da'awar zuwa ga kowane ma'aurata a cikin tafiya. Ya sadaukar da daya daga cikin layi na karshe zuwa ga matarsa da rokon gafara: "Wannan nauyin yana da zinariya, Shin, ba daga tsohuwar wuta ba ne?" Baicin Allah, bautar Allah ba, marar gafartawa, gafarta mini! " Mutuwa ta Rugi a shekarar 1921 daga cutar marar ganewa - ciwo, neurasthenia, nakasassu - tunanin likita bai taba yin gwagwarmaya ba.