The Great Patriotic War a cikin adabi: mafi kyau ayyukan heroism na Soviet mutane

The Great Patriotic War a cikin adabi da aka yadu yayata, musamman a Soviet sau, kamar yadda mawallafa, da dama sun raba su na sirri abubuwan da kansu sun samu da azabar da aka bayyana a tare da tare da talakawa sojoji. Ba abin mamaki ba cewa na farko da soja sa'an nan da post-yaki shekaru da aka alama ta rubuta jerin ayyukan sadaukar da heroism na Soviet mutane a wani m gwagwarmaya tare da Nazi Jamus. ba za mu iya yi watsi da irin littattafan gefen kuma manta game da su, domin su yi mana tunani game da rayuwa da mutuwa, yaki da zaman lafiya, da kuma yanzu. Mun bayar da ku a jerin mafi kyau littattafai kishin da Great Patriotic War, wanda yake shi ne daraja karanta da kuma rereading.

Vasil Bykov

Vasil Bykov (littattafai gabatar a kasa) - shahararren Soviet marubuci, zamantakewa fafutuka, kuma memba na yakin duniya na biyu. Yiwuwa daya daga cikin shahararrun marubuta da yaki litattafan. Bykov rubuta yafi game da halin kirki zabi wani mutum a lokacin da ya fi tsanani da gwaje-gwaje, fadowa a kan share, da kuma heroism na talakawa sojoji. Vasil Vladimirovich extolled a cikin rubuce-rubucen feat na Soviet mutane a cikin Great Patriotic War. Kasa muka dubi fi shahara litattafan da wannan marubucin: "Sotnikov", "Obelisk" da "Rayuwa har wayewar gari."

"Sotnikov"

A labarin da aka rubuta a shekarar 1968. Wannan shi ne wani misali na yadda Great Patriotic War aka bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafe. Da farko volition aka kira "Kawar" da kuma labarin ya ba da dalilin saduwa da marubucin da kuma tsohon wa-soja, wanda ya daukarsa matattu. A shekarar 1976, a kan tushen da wannan littafin, cikin fim "Tashi" da aka yin fim.

Tale gaya labarin wani partisan, wanda yake a cikin babban bukatar guzuri da kuma magunguna. Domin kayayyaki aika Fisherman da kuma ilimi Sotnikova, wanda ya kasance majinyaci, amma an kira je, kamar yadda mafi masu sa kai ba su samu ba. Long fannin da kai da search for guerrillas a kauyen Lyasiny, a nan su ne kadan sauran da kuma samun tumaki gawa. Yanzu za mu iya koma. Amma a kan hanyarsa ta dawowa, da suka yi tuntuɓe a kan wani detachment na 'yan sanda. Sotnikov ji rauni mai tsanani. Yanzu da masunci yana ajiye da rayuwar abokinsa da kuma kawo musu alkawari da abincin sojoji a sansanin. Duk da haka, ya ba su yi nasara ba, da kuma biyu daga cikinsu fada a hannun Jamus.

"Obelisk"

A yawa na ayyuka game da yaki rubuta Vasil Bykov. Littafi marubuci ne sau da yawa Zagayawar. Daya daga cikin wadannan littattafai shi ne labarin "Obelisk". A samfurin dogara ne a kan nau'in "labarin a cikin labarin", kuma yana da pronounced jaruntakar hali.

A gwarzo da labari, sunansa har yanzu ya kasance ba a sani ba, ya sauka a cikin jana'izar Pavla Miklashevicha, yankunan karkara malamai. A jana'izar marigayin duk tuna da kyau kalmar, amma sai da ta je sanyi, kuma duk shiru. A kan hanyar gida gwarzo tambaya abõkinsa, abin da hali na wasu Claus yana zuwa Miklashevich. Sa'an nan, ya aka gaya masa cewa Frost ya malamin marigayin. Ya bi da yara a matsayin iyali, kula da su, da kuma Miklashevich, wanda ya musguna wa mahaifinsa, ya zuwa rayuwa tare da kaina. Lokacin da yaki ya fara, Frost ya taimaki guerrillas. A kauyen da aka shagaltar da 'yan sanda. Daya daga cikin dalibai, ciki har da Miklashevich, suka fasa gada tana goyan bayan, da kuma shugaban 'yan sandan da kayan a hannu yana cikin ruwa. The boys kama. Frost, wanda ya tsere zuwa lokacin da guerrillas mika wuya ga saki dalibai. Amma da Nazis yanke shawarar ajiye da kuma yara da malamansu. Kafin kisan Frost ya taimaka Miklashevich gudu. Sauran rataye.

"Rayuwa har wayewar gari"

A Tale a shekara ta 1972. Kamar yadda za a iya gani, Mai girma Patriotic War a cikin adabi ci gaba da zama Topical da kuma a cikin shekarun nan. Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa wannan labarin Bykov aka bayar da Tarayyar Soviet Jihar Prize. Artwork gaya game da rayuwar yau da kullum na soja scouts da kuma yunkurin zagon kasa. Da farko labari da aka rubuta a cikin harshen Belarushiyanci, kuma kawai sai aka fassara a cikin Rasha.

Nuwamba 1941, farkon mai girma Patriotic War. Soviet Army Lieutenant Igor Ivanovski, babban jarumi na labarin, a umurnin da commando kungiyar. Ya za ku ciyar comrades zuwa gaban line - a ƙasar Belarus shagaltar da ta Jamus invaders. Su aiki - tarwatsa wani Jamus harsasai juji. Bykov ya gaya game da heroism na talakawa sojoji. Yana da su, maimakon ma'aikata sanda, ya zama da karfi cewa ya taimaka lashe yaki.

A shekarar 1975 da littafin da aka yin fim. A rubutun ga film da kansa ya rubuta Bykov.

"Lõkutan asuba nan ne shiru ..."

A samfurin na Soviet da kuma Rasha marubuci Borisa Lvovicha Vasileva. Daya daga cikin shahararrun wartime labaru sun fi mayar saboda da fim karbuwa daga cikin wannan sunan a shekara ta 1972. "Lõkutan asuba nan ne shiru ..." Boris Vasiliev rubuta a 1969. The aikin dogara ne a kan real events: a lokacin yaki, da sojoji hidima a Kirov Railway, ya hana Jamus yunkurin zagon kasa tarwatsa wani jirgin hanya. The tsira da m yaƙi ne kawai da shugaban Soviet tawagar, wadda aka bayar da lambar yabo "Ga Service a yakin".

"Lõkutan asuba nan ne shiru ..." (Boris Vasilyev) - a littafin da ya bayyana da 171st sintiri a Karelian jeji. A nan ne lissafi na anti-jirgin sama shigarwa. Da sojoji, ba da sanin abin da ya yi, fara samun bugu da kome ba. Sa'an nan Fedor Vasco Kwamandan Junction, tambayi "aika ba sha." Umurnin aika zuwa shi biyu-daki anti-aircraft sojan igwa 'yan mata. Kuma da zarar daya daga cikin sabon masu zuwa lura a cikin dazuzzuka Jamus yunkurin zagon kasa.

Vaskov sane da cewa Jamus so don samun zuwa dabarun manufofin da kuma fahimtar abin da suke bukatar su yi sata a nan. Don wannan karshen, da ya tattara a detachment na 5 anti-aircraft sojan igwa da kuma kai su zuwa Sinyuhinoy kunya ta hanyar fadama kawai don shi bawa hanya. A lokacin yaƙin neman zaɓe shi dai itace cewa da Jamus 16 mutane, saboda haka sai ya aika reinforcements ga daya daga cikin 'yan mata, da kuma ya bi abokan gaba. Duk da haka, ba ta isa ta, kuma ya mutu a cikin Marshes. Vaskovo da ya fara tare da Jamus a wani zalunci yaƙi, kuma ya halaka a sakamakon sauran hudu 'yan mata tare da shi. Amma har yanzu kulawa kama da Kwamandan maƙiyinku, kuma sai ya rika su da wuri na Soviet sojojin.

A labarin ya bayyana adam feat cewa ya yanke shawarar da ya yi adawa da abokan gaba da kuma su bar shi ya hukunta ku ba sabõda ƙasar haihuwarmu. Ba tare da bosses oda protagonist ya ke shiga yaki da kuma daukan 5 masu sa kai - mata da yardar ransa kansu.

"Gobe ne War"

A littafin ne wani nau'i ne na tarihin marubucin wannan aikin, Borisa Lvovicha Vasileva. Labarin zai fara da cewa marubuci yayi Magana game da yara, game da gaskiyar cewa da aka haife shi a Smolensk, mahaifinsa kuwa Red Army kwamandan. Kuma kafin ka zama a wannan rayuwa a kalla mutum ya zabi su sana'a da kuma yanke shawara a kan wani wuri a cikin al'umma, Vasilyev zama wani soja, kamar da yawa daga cikin takwarorina.

"Gobe ne War" - da samfurin na pre-yaki lokaci. Its main haruffa - har yanzu sosai matasa dalibai na 9th aji, da littafin ya gaya na girma, soyayya da kuma abota, da ke ƙunshe da matasa wanda ya yi gajeren saboda barkewar yaki. The aiki ya bayyana ta farko tsanani adawa, da kuma zabi na takaici, da makawa girma. Kuma duk wannan a kan backdrop na looming barazana mai raɗaɗi, wanda shi yiwuwa a daina ko kauce wa. Kuma a shekara daga baya, wadannan maza da mata za su kasance a cikin m mai tsananin zafi yaƙi, a cikin abin da da yawa daga cikinsu an qaddara ƙone. Duk da haka, a lokacin da yake takaice rai, da suka san abin da girmamawa, wajibi, abota da kuma gaskiya.

"Hot Snow"

Roman marubuci, kuma yaki tsohon soja Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev. The Great Patriotic War a cikin adabi na marubuci ne ya wakilci musamman fadi da kuma ya zama babban muradi na aikinsa. Amma ya fi shahara aiki ne da labari Bondarev ne "Hot Snow" da aka rubuta a shekarar 1970. A mataki na samfurin faruwa a Disamba 1942 a Stalingrad. Labari dangane da real events - wani ƙoƙari don ya taimaka wa Jamus Army shida sojojin Paulus kewaye a Stalingrad. Wannan yaƙin ya hukunci a yaƙin don Stalingrad. A littafin da aka yin fim G. Egiazarov.

The labari fara da cewa biyu manyan bindigogi mutanena su ka karkashin umurnin Davlatyan da Kuznetsova zai Myshkova qafafunku a cikin kogi, sa'an nan rike da kashe Jamus tankuna, sunã gaggãwa zuwa ceto na Paulus.

Bayan na farko da kalaman na harin da wani mutanena su ka Laftanar Kuznetsov kasance daya gun da uku mayakan. Duk da haka, da sojoji ko lokacin da rana ta ci gaba da fend kashe abokan gaba.

"A Fate na Man"

"A Fate na Man" - makaranta aikin, wanda ake yi karatu a karkashin taken "The Great Patriotic War a cikin wallafe-wallafe." Labarin rubuta sanannen Soviet marubuci Mikhail Sholokhov a 1957.

The aiki ya bayyana rayuwar wani sauki direban Andrei Sokolov, wanda ya bar iyalinsa da kuma gida na farkon na Great Patriotic War. Duk da haka, ba gwarzo da ya samu zuwa gaba, kamar yadda ya nan da nan samun harbe da kuma shi ne a cikin wani Nazi fursuna, sa'an nan zuwa ga wani taro sansanin. Mun gode wa ƙarfin hali Sokolov kulawa don tsira da bauta, da kuma a karshen kulawa don tserewa da yaki. Bayan samu da nasa, ya samun kashe da kuma ke da kananan gida, inda ya koyi cewa iyalinsa aka kashe, tsira kawai ɗa, da suka tafi yaƙi. Andrew koma zuwa gaba, kuma ta san cewa dansa aka harbe ta a maharbi a ranar ƙarshe na yaki. Duk da haka, wannan ba karshen labarin da gwarzo, Sholokhov nuna cewa, ko da bayan rasa kome, za ka iya samun sabon bege da kuma samun ƙarfin da rayuwa a kan.

"Brest sansanin soja"

A littafin ne sananne Soviet jarida kuma marubuci Sergey Smirnov aka rubuta a shekarar 1954. A lokacin wannan aikin marubucin aka bayar da 1964 Lenin Prize. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda littafin ne sakamakon shekaru goma na aikin Smirnova kan tarihin Brest sansanin soja.

A samfurin na "Brest sansanin soja" (Sergey Smirnov) - kanta a yanki na tarihi. Rubuta zahiri bit ta bit tattara bayanai game da kare, fata da kyau sunan da girmamawa da aka ba a manta. Mutane da yawa daga cikin haruffa da aka kama for cewa bayan da yaki suka daure. Kuma suka yi nufin kare Smirnov. A cikin littafin, mai yawa tunanin da shaidar mahalarta fadace-fadace da cewa cika da littafin a gaskiya bala'i, cike da m da kuma hukunci ayyuka.

"The rayayyu da matattu"

The Great Patriotic War a cikin adabi na karni na 20th bayyana rayuwar talakawa mutane wanda, da nufin rabo juya a kira su heroes da kuma cin amanar. Wannan shi ne wani m lokaci da yawa milled, kuma kawai 'yan gudanar zamewa tsakanin dutsen niƙa daga tarihi.

"The rayayyu da matattu" - na farko littafin na da sanannen trilogy na wannan sunan Konstantina Mihaylovicha Simonova. The biyu biyu sassa na almara kira "Sojoji ba su haife" da kuma "Last Summer". A kashi na farko na trilogy aka buga a 1959.

Mutane da yawa masu sukar yi imani da samfurin daya daga cikin haske da kuma mafi talented misalai bayyana Great Patriotic War a cikin adabi na karni na 20th. A wannan almara labari shi ne, ba wani samfurin na historiographical ko wani labarinsa na yaki. littafin haruffa - almara mutane, albeit tare da wasu prototypes.

"War - ba mace fuska"

A adabi kishin Great Patriotic War, yawanci bayyana exploits na maza, wani lokacin kuma ya manta da cewa mata sun ba da gudummawar da sauran nasara. Amma littafin Belarushiyanci marubuci Svetlana Aleksievich, za mu iya ce, ya mayar da tarihi da adalci. A marubuci ya tattara a cikin aikinsa, cikin labarun da wadanda mata da cewa dauki bangare a cikin Great Patriotic War. Title daga cikin littafin shi ne na farko line na labari "War karkashin rufin" A. Adamovich.

A littafin da aka buga a 1983, amma a wancan lokaci, da yawa surori an goge ta m. Kuma masu karatu zai iya samun matsahi na saba da aiki a gaba ɗayansa, a cikin shekaru biyu.

"Ba a kan jerin"

Wani labarin, da theme daga abin da yake da girma Patriotic War. A Soviet adabi Boris Vasilyev, daga abin da muka ambata, ya kasance quite shahara. Amma daraja cewa ya samu kawai a samfurin saboda ta soja, daya daga wanda shine labarin "ba ya bayyana a cikin lists."

A littafin da aka rubuta a shekarar 1974. Its mataki faruwa a farkon yakin duniya na biyu a cikin Brest sansanin soja, kewaye da invaders. Lieutenant Nikolay Pluzhnikov, aiki da protagonist, kafin yaki da dama a cikin wannan sansanin soja - ya zo a cikin dare daga 21 zuwa 22 ga watan Yuni. Kuma a lõkutan asuba, riga yaƙi fara. Nicole yana da damar samun tafi daga nan, kamar yadda sunansa ba ya bayyana a wani soja jerin, amma yanke shawarar zama da kuma kare su mahaifarsa zuwa karshen.

"Babi Yar"

Documentary labari "Babi Yar" Anatoly Kuznetsov, da aka buga a 1965. The aikin dogara ne a kan Yara tunanin marubucin, wanda a lokacin yaki ne a kan Jamus-shagaltar da ƙasa.

The labari fara da taƙaitaccen marubucin gabatarwar, taƙaitaccen gabatarwa babi da kuma 'yan surori, wanda ake shirya cikin sassa uku. Kashi na farko ya bayyana fitarwa daga Kiev mãsu bãyar da bãya Soviet sojojin, da auka na Kudu-Western Front da kuma farkon da zama. nan aka kuma hada scenes na harbi daga cikin Yahudawa, fashewar Kiev-Pechersk Lavra da Khreshchatyk.

A bangare na biyu ne gaba ɗaya kishin rai na zama 1941-1943 shekaru, Kame jirgin Rasha da kuma Ukrainians matsayin ma'aikata a Jamus, game da yunwa, game da clandestine samar da Ukrainian nationalists. A karshe ɓangare na labari ya gaya labarin da kwato Ukrainian ƙasashe daga Jamus mamaye gudu 'yan sanda, da yaƙi da birnin, game da tawaye a cikin taro sansanin Babi Yar.

"The Story of a Real Man"

Wallafe-wallafe game da Great Patriotic War, kuma ya hada da samfurin na yet wani Rasha marubuci, na karshe yaki a matsayin wani soja jarida, Boris Polevoy. A labarin da aka rubuta a shekarar 1946, watau kusan nan da nan bayan karshen tashin.

A mãkirci - wani taron a cikin rayuwar wani soja matukin jirgi da Tarayyar Soviet Alekseya Mereseva. Its samfur ya zama real hali, gwarzo na Tarayyar Soviet Aleksey Maresev, wanda, kamar halinsa, wani matukin jirgi. A labarin ya gaya yadda ya aka harbe saukar da fama da Jamusawa da kuma mummunan rauni. A sakamakon hadarin ya ya rasa kafafuwansa biyu. Duk da haka, da karfi na nufinsa ya haka mai girma cewa yana iya komawa zuwa cikin sahu na Soviet matukan jirgi.

The aiki aka bayar da Stalin Prize. Tale imbued tare da bil'adama da kuma m ra'ayoyin.

"Madonna da kuma rationed gurasa"

Maria Glushko - Crimean Soviet marubuci, suka tafi gaban a farkon yakin duniya na biyu. Ta littafin "Madonna da kuma rationed gurasa" - a feat duk da mata, da wanda rabo fadi to tsira yakin duniya na II. A heroine na samfurin - a sosai yarinya, Nina, wanda miji ke zuwa yaki, kuma shi ne a kira da'a hadakai da Mahaifinsa ya tafi zuwa fitarwa zuwa Uzbekistan, inda jiran ta uwar rana da kuma ɗan'uwansa. A heroine ne a karshe matakai na ciki, amma shi ba ya kare shi daga kwarara adam zullumi. Kuma a cikin wani gajeren lokaci Nina su koyi cewa kafin daga ta da aka boye a baya da walwala da kuma natsuwa da pre-yaki zama: don haka daban-daban rai a cikin kasar, mutane, abin da rayuwa ka'idoji, dabi'u, halaye, da yadda suke bambanta daga mata, wanda ya girma a jahilci da ci gaba. Amma abu mafi muhimmanci a yi tabar heroin, - haihu ga yaro da kuma kare shi daga dukkan Mũnãnan ayyuka da yaki.

"Vasily Terkin"

Irin wannan haruffa a matsayin heroes of Great Patriotic War, adabi kusantar da karatu a hanyoyi daban-daban, amma mafi abin tunawa, basu baye da resilient, ba shakka, ya Vasily Terkin.

Wannan waka ta Alexander Tvardovsky fara wallafa a 1942, nan da nan samu na kasa soyayya da kuma fitarwa. A aikin da aka rubuta kuma aka buga a ko'ina cikin yakin duniya na biyu, da na karshe kashi da aka buga a 1945. Babban maƙasudin na waka ya zuwa goyi bayan morale na sojoji, da kuma Tvardovsky ya iya samu nasarar cim ma wannan aiki, sun fi mayar saboda da image na protagonist. Jarumi da kuma na gaisuwa Terkin, wanda a cikin wannan yanayin ne ko da yaushe a shirye domin yaƙi, suka kama zukatan mutane da yawa talakawa sojoji. Shi ne rai division, with, kuma a cikin yaƙin - misali su bi, m kuma ko da yaushe cinma manufarta na wani jarumi. Ko kasancewa a kan gab da mutuwa, sai ya ci gaba da yaqi, kuma riga zo Grips tare da mutuwarsa.

A samfurin hada da wani prologue, 30 surori babban abinda ke ciki, zuwa kashi uku sassa, da kuma wani epilogue. Kowane babi ne a kananan gaban-line labarin na rayuwa na protagonist.

Saboda haka, muna ganin cewa exploits na Great Patriotic War na Soviet lokaci adabi kasnce. Za mu iya cewa wannan shi ne daya daga cikin manyan jigogi na tsakiya da kuma na biyu da rabi na karni na 20th ga Rasha da kuma Soviet marubuta. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa dukan ƙasar da aka hannu a yaki da Jamusanci invaders. Har ma da wadanda suke ba a gaban, tirelessly yi aiki a baya, samar da sojoji da harsasai da kuma guzuri.