Turai ta mafi tsawo gada Vasco da Gama

A jerin zamani abubuwan al'ajabi na duniya za ka iya amince sa gada Vasco da Gama. An located a arewa-maso-gabashin ɓangare na Portugal, kusa da Lisbon.

Vasco da Gama ya sani a matsayin Portuguese navigator lokacin babban Gwargwadon binciken. A 1497, matafiyin da balaguro ya tashi, ya sami wata teku hanya zuwa kudancin Asiya daga Turai. The tafiya shi da wani rabo: Vasco da Gama gano kudu maso gabashin tekun na Afirka, daga abin da gaba hanya kai ga India via tekun Indiya. A 1499, wani balaguro da babban rabo mai girma koma zuwa ga mahaifarsa, ya jagoranci da ya lashe. Domin babban yabo Vasco da Gama aka nada Halĩfa na Portuguese India.

The sunan discoverer, an yanke shawarar to suna da gada a haɗa bakin Portugal a kan kogin Tagus (ko Spanish. Tahoe). Shi ne mafi girma a cikin dukan Yaren Kasar Larabawa. Kogin ya fara a Spain, ta hanyar gudanar da Portugal, da kuma gudana a cikin tekun Atlantic a kusa da kasar babban birnin kasar - birnin Lisbon. Vasco da Gama Bridge aka ɗauki cikinsa a matsayin grand sikelin da abu nufi. Yiwuwa na gina gada yi aka shibtarsu da gaggawa bukatar sauke da mota zirga-zirga a Lisbon a kan rufin 25 de Abril Bridge.

A aikin da sabon gada da aka umurce su su ci gaba da wani rukuni na gine-ginen jagorancin Michel Verlozhe. Kafin su akwai ba aiki mai sauki - to connect da River Tagus, rabu da fiye da dozin kilomita, shan la'akari da babban girgizar kasa hadarin yankunan.

Vasco da Gama Bridge: fasali na aikin

A mawallafa, Mun halitta a aikin na gada, wanda ya kunshi dama sassan, da fasali daban-daban daga juna. A mafi tsawo sashe na wani tsawon na goma sha biyu kilomita kama wani na USB-zauna, ko rataye, gada. High karfafa kankare pylons an haɗa ka da hanya da taimakon Ventoux - kai tsaye karfe igiyoyi. A tsawo daga cikin pylons up to ɗari da hamsin mita. The most span na USB-zauna gada ne ɗari huɗu da ashirin mita. Bugu da kari, da tsawo na da hanya game da teku matakin ne da arba'in da bakwai mita. Wadannan saituna ba su tsoma baki tare da free nassi na kogin tasoshin.

Yana bayar da wani na USB-zauna gada immobility na roadway. Hur hanya surface da aka kulla dabam daga pylon, wanda ya hana da lalata gada a lokacin da girgizar kasa vibrations da kuma iska mai yanayi. The zane ne resistant zuwa iska kaya karfi na zuwa ɗari biyu da hamsin kilomita awa. Vasco da Gama gada tsayayya da hawa da sauka a cikin duniya a ɓawon burodi, wanda shi ne sau hudu da karfi na wata girgizar kasa da ƙarfin aftershocks har zuwa tara da maki, wanda ya faru a Lisbon a tsakiyar karni na sha takwas.

A farko da kuma karshe sassa na gada da ke shiga viaduct - gada yi a kan tara. A nesa tsakanin goyan bayan a wurare daban-daban kama daga arba'in zuwa tamanin mita. Kura idon tara je zuwa zurfin daya da ɗari mita.

A total tsawon na Vasco da Gama gada ne goma sha bakwai kilomita biyu da ɗari mita. Shan la'akari da babba tsawon na ƙetare haddi, a cikin zane lissafin roundness ta duniya surface da aka rubuta. In ba haka ba, tsakanin tsawo na arewacin da kuma kudancin extremities na gada akwai zai zama wani bambanci a cikin tamanin santimita. A developers sun ayyana lokacin garanti na aiki na musamman zane - ɗari da ashirin da shekaru.

gwadabe

A kan gada sharewa hanya talatin kamu, a kan abin da motsi da aka shirya a hudu hanyoyi a kowane shugabanci. Uku makada an kullum tsunduma, na huɗu bude a instants na matsakaicin kai rafi kudi. Bugun da iyaka, zirga-zirga - ɗari da ashirin kilomita awa. Sai kawai daya daga cikin sassan na gada ba a yarda su tafi da sauri fiye da ɗari kilomita awa. A karkashin m weather yanayi da ake bukata domin rage gudu zuwa casa'in kilomita awa.

Domin kungiyar na m matakan domin gyaran da gada a cikin wuri daidai da direba, da motsi a wajen babban birnin kasar, za a caje da kudin tafiya. Cost ne m da irin abin hawa, kama daga biyu da rabi zuwa goma sha Tarayyar Turai.

Ado fasali na gada

Authors Project muhimmanci ado bangaren a haɗe gada tsarin. Don rage girman mai tasiri a kan yanayi, da gada da aka dage farawa a cikin widest batu na kogin.

Viaduct located a gefen kudu, gina a wani babba nesa daga Coast, a bakin teku yankin saboda haka ya halartar kadan karaya kasa. Lighting tsara don haka da cewa tsananin haske daga hasken wuta a lokacin dare lokaci ne ba sa sanyawa a kan ruwa surface.

sharuddan

Vasco da Gama Bridge aka gina a wani Littãfi gajeren lokaci. kawai shekaru uku sun shude tun da Shirin zanen da grand gine-gine da tunzura shi cikin aiki. Rabin wannan lokaci ya ɗauki shiri aiki. A yi na wata katuwar yi da hannu fiye da dubu uku magina. A hudu mafi girma a yi kamfanonin tabbatar da santsi aiki na da kansa fasaha da albarkatun da latest aukuwa. Gina karfi sufuri jijiya kudin jihar tara da miliyan kudin Tarayyar Turai.

samu

Grand bude daga cikin manyan-sikelin yi ya Maris 29, 1998 a kan Hauwa'u na nuni nuni-98. Muhimmanci taron da aka ƙare zuwa ranar tunawa da bude daga ɗari biyar teku hanya mai bincike Vasco da Gama, a cikin wanda girmamawa da kuma aka mai suna ta magabacin mutumi.

Kallon m, babban gini, da viewer samun ra'ayi na lightness da weightlessness zane, gayyato shi a cikin iyaka nesa. Duk da yake tafiya ta Portugal, ya kamata ka shakka ziyarci wani shahararren wuri kamar Vasco da Gama gada, wani photo wanda zai bar har abada a cikin memory daga cikin mafi iko da haske motsin zuciyarmu. Grand gini aka karin in da kyau a duk yanayi, shi ne daidai da ya taka rawar gani da rana da kuma duhu dare, m safe, da na shunayya dare.

ƙarshe

The title of mafi tsawo Turai gada sama na samu Vasco da Gama gada. Portugal iya gaskiya da zama alfahari da wani musamman tsarin, da gabatarwar duniya al'umma cikin taskar mafi girma gine-gine da nasarorin da mutãne karshen karni na ashirin da.