Tyn Church, Prague

Menene shahararren Prague? Tyn Church, ko haikalin Maryamu Maryamu kafin Tyn, wani katin ziyartar Tsohon City. An nuna shi akan ɗakutattun akwatuna, hotuna da sakonnin aikawa, inda aka sanya cibiyar Prague. Don zo da Czech babban birnin kasar , da kuma ba in je kusa da shi - shi ne daba a ko don yawon bude ido da suka yi sosai kadan lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin hanyoyi na nisa ya fara daga Old Town Square, inda wannan shahararren shrine - Tyn Church - ya tashi. Jamhuriyar Czech ta kiyaye wannan gine-ginen gine-ginen, duk da bambancin tarihin. Yanzu an dauke shi daya daga alamomin Prague.

Tyn Church a Prague: adireshin

Wannan muhimmiyar alamar birnin a kan Vltava tana cikin zuciyar babban birnin - a kan Old Town Square. Samun iya zama a karkashin kasa (kore line "A" tashar "Tsohon Town"), tram № № 17 da kuma 18, bas 194 da № № 207. A daidai adireshin ne: Old Square, 1.

Dole ne a bincika haikalin: dakuna biyu suna tashi sama da dukkanin sassan kuma suna jan hankalin ra'ayi ko da daga nesa. Amma, kusa da kusa, za ka ga cewa ƙofar coci da kanta ba a samuwa a gefe na square, amma daga Tyn. Dole ne mu shiga cikin labarun gefe, wanda ke kai tsaye zuwa matakan shrine. Idan kun shirya ziyarci Tyn Church a Prague, dole ne a yi wani hoto game da wannan tsarin gine-ginen.

Title

Kalmar nan "shuɗi" ta saba da Slavs. Yana nufin "shinge", "shinge", "shinge". Gaskiyar ita ce, tarihin wannan suna - haikalin Maryamu mai albarka ta Maryamu kafin Tyn - ya fara tare da waɗannan lokuta lokacin da babu haikalin da yake gani. To, me yasa wannan sunan Tyn Church?

Prague A karni na 10 ya zama babban birnin kasar Czech, kuma a ƙarshen karni na daya an gina kasuwar kasuwa a shafin yanar gizo na Old Town Square. A kusa da shi ya fara bayyana daban-daban gine-gine. Yan kasuwa daga ko'ina cikin ƙasar sun taru a can. Don samar da su tare da ɗakin kwana na dare, an gina gidan waya a kusa da kasuwar, wadda aka haɗa da wani shinge - tuyn. A duk lokacin da aka kulla kasuwar kasuwa, don haka a cikin mafi kyawun al'adun Katolika a can nan da nan ya bayyana wani ƙananan ɗakin sujada, wanda ke kusa da filin gidan, kawai a waje da shinge. Bisa ga wannan sanannen shinge cewa Tyn Church, wanda aka gina daga baya, ya zama suna. Har ila yau, masaukin ya rayu har zuwa lokacinmu, amma an gyara shi. Yanzu an kira shi Ungelt.

Tarihin ginin

Kuma a cikin karni na 11 ne kawai Ikklisiya marar suna a Ikilisiyar Tyn - Ikkilisiyar Romanesque ba tare da bagade ba. A karshen 13th karni ya sake a yanzu shi ne mai cikakken fledged coci na Virgin Mary, sanya a cikin na al'ada yayin da gine-gine da style of farkon Gothic. Wataƙila wannan tsari ba zai kasance ba har sai lokacinmu, idan ba don gasar Old Town da Birnin Prague (wani sabon kwamandan gudanarwa a bankin bankin Vltava ba). Dukansu da na biyu suna da matsayi na gari. Tsohon magajin sarki Charles IV ya yi mulki. Kuma a cikin Birnin Prague, yayin da gine-gine na St. Vitus ya fara. Sabili da haka, don kada a bari a baya, an yanke Ikilisiya na Virgin Mary da za a sake gina shi a cocin Katolika. Domin kare kanka da ceton lokaci, an bar ma'anar asalin. An fara aikin ne a 1365.

Amma a farkon karni na 15th, bayan da kisan Yana Gusa, kasar rungumi Hussite yaƙe-yaƙe, a cikin abin da Protestant sun yi yaƙi da Katolika, kuma shi ba har sai da aikin gine-gine. A wannan lokacin duk abin da ya shirya, sai dai rufin, hasumiya da kafar. Bayan haka, 'yan Hussun sun sami nasara wajen kama Ikilisiyar Tyn, kuma wani lokaci suna gudanar da ayyukansu na Allah a can. Wannan lokaci yana bayyanar da siffar Sarkin King na Daga Poděbrady tare da kofi na zinariya a hannunsa. Amma a lokacin da aka tsayar da zanga-zangar, kisan gwamna na karshe na Huss da magoya bayansa sunyi kusa da coci. An yi da katako a gare su daga itace, wanda aka fara nufin rufin. An cire siffar sarki ne, maimakon haka ya bayyana siffar Madonna, wanda shine kuma har yanzu yana. An zubar da zinariyar zinari kuma an fitar da ita a halo kusa da shugaban Mary. Lokacin da duk abin da ya fi ƙarfin ƙasa, ya gina ginin da aka kammala a 1511.

Fasali na gine

Tun lokacin da aka jinkirta kwanan nan har tsawon ƙarni biyu, to, a cikin tsarin zane-zane akwai alamun daban-daban: daga Gothic zuwa Baroque. An tsara wannan aikin ne daga Mathieu Aras na Flemish a karni na 14, wani daga cikin halittunsa shine St. Vitus Cathedral. Sa'an nan Bitrus Parler ci gaba da gina Tyn Church. Prague na iya yin alfaharin irin waɗannan gine-ginen.

An gina Haikali a matsayin Basilica (dakin siffar rectangular) tare da tsawon 52 m da nisa na 28 m tare da naves uku (ɗakunan ciki na ciki).

Wataƙila, mafi yawan shiryarwa nan da nan zana hankalin jama'a ga gaskiyar cewa ɗakunan biyu na Ikklisiya na Tyn suna da dangantaka da juna, ko da yake wannan ba abu ne mai ban mamaki ba a farkon gani. Yana da ma'anar alama. Daya daga cikin hasumiyoyin ana kiran Adamu kuma yana wakiltar namiji. Abin da ya sa ya zama dan karami kuma yana gaban gaban na biyu, yana nufin wurin mutum a cikin iyali. Ƙaramar hasumiya tana kiransa Hauwa'u, bi da bi. Saboda yakin da ake kira Hussis, lokacin da ke tsakanin gine-ginen arewa da kudancin yana kusan shekara dari.

Zane na ciki

Tyn Church ya buga wani haske da kuma fili ciki. Daga cikin abubuwan da ke da ban sha'awa shine bagadin hadaya, Karel Shkreta ya fice a cikin farkon Baroque a shekarar 1649. An kwatanta yiwuwar hawan Yesu zuwa sama. A cikin hagu na da akwai wani mutum-mutumin sananne na duniya wanda Tyna Madonna yake kan kursiyin 1420. The coci alfahari cikin tsofaffin sashin jiki a Prague a 1673, a tin baftisma, font ga baftisma da jarirai , a 1414, da kuma Gothic dutse bagade daga 15th karni. Har ila yau, bisa ga al'adar Katolika na zamanin dā, an binne mutane da dama da yawa a cocin, akwai asalin dutse 60. Alal misali, a nan ne toka na astronomer Czech Tycho Brahe.

Labaran Haikali

Amma ba duk masu yawon bude ido suna sha'awar gaskiyar ba, amma labarun banza da labarun da suka ji tare da farauta. Ga ɗaya daga cikinsu. A baya, daya daga cikin manyan batutuwa (Sarkin Huss) yana riƙe da kofin zinariya a hannunsa. Bayan lokaci, suturar suka fara nida a can, kuma su, kamar yadda aka sani, suna ciyar da kwari. Da zarar ɗaya daga cikin kwari ya fadi a kan wani mutum mai daraja, wani abin kunya ya ɓace. Wajibi ne a jira, yayin da sutura zasu tashi a cikin gefe a gefe don rufe wata tasa ta hanyar jirgi.

Yawan duwatsu masu yawa na dutse sun lalace sosai. Wannan shi ne saboda tsoho imani da cewa fatar a kan wani dutsen kabari, ba za ka iya rabu da tsanani ciwon hakori. Ya bayyana cewa Haikali ya zo ba kawai don yin addu'a ba, amma har ma a bi da shi.

Jadawalin aikin

Daga gine-gine, haikalin za a iya jin dadin sa'a 24 a kowace rana, amma a ciki an bar shi a wasu kwanaki da sa'o'i: 10.00-13.00 da 15.00-17.00 (Talata zuwa Asabar), 10.30-12.00 (Lahadi). Litinin ne ranar kashe.

Tyn Church kuma yanzu aiki a matsayin wuri don bauta. Har ila yau, a can ke gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya na gargajiya - acoustics ni'ima.