Wace rawa tarin "Canja wuri" a cikin tarihin na fari ƙaura?

Irin rawa da littafin "Canza wuri", da wallafe-wallafen masu sukar da kuma masana tarihi na kokarin gane haka nisa. Da ta buga shi ne dalilin da tsaga a Rasha ƙaura na farko kalaman.

tara edition

Shahararren tarin aka buga a Prague a 1921. Its sunan ne mai tunani da wannan edition na "Milestones", wanda aka buga da shahararren Figures na Rasha ƙaura. Wadannan mutane, wanda ya tsere daga cikin Soviet gwamnatin , ko jefa shi a cikin "falsafa jirgin ruwan" sun m abokan adawar na Bolsheviks. Sun yi kokari ta juya ra'ayin jama'a da 'yan gurguzun a Turai.

Duk da haka, yayin da Tsohon Duniya ya kawai ya fara motsa daga cikin sakamakon yakin duniya na farko. Ko da yake baƙi da kuma karbuwa da maraba a Turai manya, babu musamman tasiri a gida siyasa, ba su iya samun.

Wace rawa tarin "Canja wuri" dangane da wannan damuwa jihar na White motsi? A mawallafa tafi su yaƙi anti-Soviet jin zuciya rinjãya a kan falsafa da kuma kimiyyar siyasa articles sanya na pro-bolshevist matsayi. Wannan mataki ya juyo a tarihin Rasha hijira a kasashen yamma.

pro-Soviet wallafe

Irin rawa da littafin "Canza wuri", iya iya gano ta m bazawa na dauki daga Moscow. Akwai sun yanke shawarar yin amfani da damar su ɓãta da abokan adawar - .. Monarchists, 'yan Republican, da dai sauransu A tarin aka nan da nan aka buga a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, dubban kofe. Jihar-gudu jaridu sun jaddada cewa ko a cikin White ƙaura karshe gane ba kawai sha kashi amma kuma akida ba daidai ba.

Wace rawa tarin "Canja wuri" ga Rasha mutane a Turai wanda ya riƙi tsari a Paris, Prague, Berlin da kuma biranen da mulkin Kudu Slavs? A motsi da aka raba. Conservative monarchists da disaffected bazawa na farfaganda, wanda ya kaddamar da Soviet gwamnati, saita zuwa kai-ƙungiya.

implacability

Ba da da ewa da ra'ayin intransigence. Wannan manufa aka yi tsayayya da taso Smenovekhovtsy da vozvraschenchestvu. Magoya bayansa da aka adawa da duk wani nau'i na hadin gwiwa tare da Tarayyar Soviet. Ya nan da nan tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa a cikin monarchists, Conservatives da kuma sauran mãsu hijira nisa-dama ra'ayoyi. Daga cikin su kasance da dukan tsira Elite na tsohon tsarist zamanin - ministoci, jami'an, da dai sauransu ...

Babban kungiyoyin, da ya inganta ra'ayin intransigence, ya zama Rasha janar-soja alliance da Rasha Orthodox Church waje. Shugaban EMRO ya zama shahararren janar Pyotr Wrangel, wanda har kwanan nan aka yaƙi da Reds a lokacin yakin basasa. Shi ya gudanar da Crimea, yayin da ya gaggauta kwashe daga fari.

A ra'ayin Smenovekhovtsy

A ra'ayin Smenovekhovtsy yafi dogara ne a kan manufa da kishin kasa. Na ga tarihi ƙasar haihuwarmu, bisa ga dokoki na mabiya wannan manufa ne m factor zuwa santsi daga duk da sabani da Soviet hukumomi. Mutane da yawa Rasha gaske ya so ya tafi gida, kuma kada ku zama daga rayukansu a hanya Turai. Saboda haka Smenovekhovtsy, kazalika da baya da ra'ayin intransigence, da sauri tsiwirwirinsu mai yawa magoya bayan. Wannan tsari kara a 1920 a lokacin da yaki ya barke tsakanin Poland da kuma Soviet jihar (ƙa'ida, da kungiyar tarayyar ya ba tukuna aka kafa).

Da dama shahararren columnists sun hada karfi domin su kawo "Canja wuri". Tarin hada da kayan rubuta Nikolaem Ustryalovym, Sergeem Chahotinym, Yuri Klyuchnikova da t. D. Daya daga cikin ainihin wannan ɗaba'ar ne littafin "A cikin gwagwarmayar Rasha", da aka buga a 1920. Da shi shi ne 'ya'yan itace da ayyukan Nikolaya Ustryalova, yayin da suke zaune a Harbin - babban birnin na Rasha ƙaura a cikin Far East.

misali Brusylov

Bayyana wani tarin aikin jaridar articles "Canja wuri" kullum Labarai events a Poland. The yaki da wannan kasa da Rasha ya haddasa fashewa kishin kasa, sunã mãsu hijira a kasashen waje. Amma a lokaci guda da rikici da aka positioned a cikin Soviet Jamhuriyar matsayin farkon duniya gurguzu juyin juya halin da nufin kifar da bourgeoisie. A gaskiya, Lenin dauke Rasha a springboard ga ci na duniya. Ya yi fatan da goyon bayan da Turai proletariat da spontaneously tashi a Old World of kwaminisanci jam'iyyun.

Leftist ideas na Soviets aka ba gaji da damuwa da marubuta daga cikin littafin "Canja wuri". Wace rawa da ya buga wa m baƙi? Mutane da yawa daga cikinsu sun kasance magoya bayan na Tarayyar Soviet. A mawallafa na wallafe bukaci masu karatu don manta game da sabani da Bolsheviks a lokacin da gungumen ãƙibar Rasha kanta.

Babban misali na wannan farfaganda shi ne shahararren janar Alexei Brusilov. A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, ya yi umarni daya daga cikin kasashen yammacin Front. Ya shahara dabara nasara a Galicia halakar da Austria sojojin, kuma a zahiri ya yi Habsburg m appendage na Jamus.

Bayan biyu juyin Brusilov (sabanin mutane da yawa wasu tsarist generals) ya zauna a gida. Ya ma yi jihãdi a cikin Soviet sojojin. Wannan misali yana da yawa a Smenovekhovtsy ra'ayin zama mai farin jini a Turai. Ana zargin da zanga-Soviet motsi a cikin zaman gudun hijira yanayi raba shi cikin biyu takaddama sansani.