"Wurga thrower" (Miron): tarihi da mutum-mutumi

"Wurga thrower" (Myron) a hukumance gane a matsayin samfurin da sculptural kyau na gargajiya lokaci a cikin art na zamanin d Girka. Wannan mutum-mutumi, dake nuna wani tsirara saurayi, wani dan wasa wanda aka shirya don jefa wasanni kayan aiki. Abin da yake haka ban sha'awa da wannan sassaka, wanda tabbata marubucin, Miron, domin mutane da yawa ƙarni? Wanda ta kwatanta - wani takamaiman mutum, Olympics bautãwa? Wannan za ka koya daga wannan labarin. Ga yo ce cewa "wurga thrower", tare da zobba, shine na aikin hukuma alama ce da gasar wasannin Olympics. Wannan alama kamar yadda ya tabbatar da tsoho tushen wannan wasa taron.

Myron da makaranta

Abin baƙin ciki, ba za mu iya ba da ainihin ranar haifuwa da mutuwa wannan master. Mu kawai san wani abu game da rayuwa, da kuma cewa ba na Sahaban bakinka, da kuma daga cikin rubuce-rubucen na zamanin d marubuta, wanda ƙwarai nuna godiya aikinsa. Idan muka yi imani da Pliny, author of "wurga thrower" an haife shi a tsakiyar na biyar karni BC a eleutheria - wani karamin gari a kan iyakar biyu larduna a Atichnoy Girka - Boeotia da Attica. Mafi m, mahaifinsa kuwa ba a sculptor. Myron karatu a Argos a Ageladas. Tare da shi a wannan sanannen sculptor Phidias kuma dauki darussa Polycleitus. Domin da basirarsu, bisa ga Pausanias, Myron zama dan kasa na Athens. An sa'an nan kuma dauke da wani babban daraja. Aiki a Athens, Miron samu umarni daga wasu birane a samar da sculptures alloli, heroes, 'yan wasa da kuma dabbobi. Bugu da kari, shi ne shahara a matsayin wani gwani maƙeran zinariya aiki tare da azurfa.

Sauran halittun Miron

Ba za mu iya ce cewa LURA da daraja kauce masa ta hanyar wannan sculptor. A akasin wannan, "fashion" shi ne daidaita a lokacin rayuwa da mahalicci da ba ya wuce har zuwa karshen tsufa. Romawa maimaita masa ayyuka a yawa kofe. Kuma ko da yake duk da gaskensu Myron incisor rasa, mun san yadda za su duba. Wasu daga cikin sculptures aka immortalized a cikin aya ta (misali, Beguna Lada). Cicero da Pliny ambaci mutummutumai daga cikin shahararrun Masters a Afisa, da Wuri Mai Tsarki na Asclepius a Sicilian Akraganta, a garinsu na malaminsa Argos, a cikin Boeotian Orchomenus, da tsibirin na Aegina da Samos. Ã'a, mafi yawansu duk shi ya kawo laurels da sculptor, "Athena da Marsyas" da kuma "ya wurga thrower". Myron ma je kallon wasan da Athenian acropolis sassaka kungiyar "Hercules da kuma Perseus." Images of Zeus, Pallas Athena kuma Hercules haka farin Anthony, sai ya ɗauki sassaka da Samos da kuma shigar da su a Alexandria. A tagulla saniya a kan wani pedestal sanya na marmara da aka kawo daga Athens zuwa Roma.

Ya yi kama da asali?

Za mu iya tabbatar da cewa "ya wurga thrower" - wani mutum-mutumi, jefa a tagulla. Abin takaici, shi ya ba an kiyaye. Kila, shi kawai narke ko halaka su a lokacin tsakiyar zamanai. Za mu iya kawai tsammani yadda wannan roba, dumi-kala abu, kamar tagulla, haƙĩƙa, sun shige tsokoki wasa a "tanned fata." Wannan sassaka kokarin maimaita da yawa Roman sculptors. Kamar yadda littattafai suka zaɓi mafi resistant marmara. Amma ya bukaci jingina da ya fi tsanani. Bugu da kari, mabiya wani lokacin da gangan canza nuna na shugaban. Alal misali, a wasu kofe look dan wasa jihãdin ba su fitar da, da kuma saukar. A mafi kyau Roman marmara mutum-mutumi na maimaitawa ne nuna a cikin National Museum a Roma. Yana da aka samu a 1781 a kan Esquiline Hill. Kuma aka sani da, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa na sassaka - a jiki, wani hannunka tare da wani faifai, shugaban na dan wasa. Suna kiyaye a cikin gidajen tarihi na Berlin, Florence, Vatican City, Munich, Basel.

Me "wurga thrower"?

Myron ya ba na farko sculptor su nuna dako thrower. A zamanin d Girka, shi ne al'ada shigar Monuments zuwa nasara na gasa. Mun san sassaka thrower, kazalika da masu gudu da kuma sauran 'yan wasa ya yi ko da a cikin tsaoho lokaci. Duk da haka, dukan su sun yaba tare da su a tsaye. Su duba m. Yana - saurayin, daskarewa a "canonical" wuri: kadan a gaba na hagu kafa, hannun dama drive ko Dart. A gargajiya lokaci a cikin art na zamanin d Girka bukaci karin. Samar da wata "ya wurga thrower" Myron kokarin nuna wani mutum a motsi. The tagulla aka kama daya taƙaitaccen lokaci, a lokacin da shi ne yadu talking hannu freezes ga wani lokacin kafin ka yi karshe jħfa. Kuma wannan jiha na sauran a motsi, mu musamman daukan hankali.

Wanda ya siffanta da "ya wurga thrower"?

The mutum-mutumi wakiltar mu daidai kafa saurayi. Bisa ga dokoki na gasar wasannin Olympics, ya kasance tsirara. Wane ne wannan da m lashe gasar a kan wani jefawa Disc? Mun sani ba. Ko kallon fuskar mutum-mutumi, ba mu kama wani ambato na wani hoto kama. City aika 'yan kasarta da su shiga a cikin Games, ba ya so ya na sirri tasbihinsa, kuma ya. Shi ne "kadan mahaifarsa dan wasa" da aka immortalized a tagulla, maimakon wani mutum. Bisa ga canons na gargajiya lokaci, da impassive fuskar saurayi da bambanci da cikakken kuzarin kawo cikas na jiki. A sassaka da aka tsara don abin da ya kalle shi zai zama daga gaban. "Wurga thrower" mafi cikakken bayyana tare da wannan matsayi. Photo dauka a kan hagu ne a sassaka takaita da shrunken da ɗan bai cika ba, rasa ƙarfi.