Abin da ya gani a Kaliningrad? Gidajen tarihi, Monuments, tarihin, photos

Idan ka ce Kaliningrad - a Rasha marasa cigaban tattalin arziki administrative cibiyar da babban birnin kasar na mafi yammacin yankin kasar mu - yana da kamar su ba ce wani abu. A birnin da ake kira da taga zuwa Turai, amma dai ba duka. Iko mujallar "Kommersant", amounting zuwa wani shekara-shekara ranking daga cikin mafi kyau biranen Rasha, Kaliningrad ya bayar da farko wuri cikin shekaru uku. Bisa ga littafin Forbes, suna da mafi kyaun yanayi a kasar don yin kasuwanci. RBC kuma suna da mafi kyau birnin Kaliningrad Rasha. Abin da yake haka m domin yawon bude ido? Ba na zama kuskure idan na ce cewa na musamman laya daga cikin birni yana da cakuda al'adu - yammacin Turai da kuma Slavic. Wannan labarin ne wani bayyani na abin da ya gani a Kaliningrad da yankin a 'yan kwanaki.

samun akwai

Mutane da yawa da suke so su ga Amber gefen tsoron cewa yankin ne marasa cigaban tattalin arziki. Wannan shi ne, ba shi da wani kan iyaka da kasar Rasha. Daga arewa da gabas da shi da iyaka tare da Lithuania da kuma zuwa kudu - tare da Poland. Saboda haka, akwai wata tambaya game da kasancewar wani yawon shakatawa fasfo, kuma ko da tare da visa. Amma wannan shafi kawai ga waɗannan lokuta inda kake tafiya ta jirgin kasa, bas ko naka mota. Da sauƙi, iska tafiya fasfo ba bukata: saboda kana matsar a cikin kasarsu. Kuma kada ku manta da cewa a yamma Kaliningrad, photos na wanda ka yiwuwa gani a posters, iyaka da Baltic Sea. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu a samu zuwa gefen Amber a kan ruwa. Za ka iya daukar wani m tafiya a kan wani cruise jirgin "Georg Ots" daga St. Petersburg ko iyo a cikin wani sauki jirgin ruwan. A Kaliningrad yankin, da yawa Russia ba su je ganin gani da kuma zuwa saya motoci. Irin wannan shagon Tours sharewa hanya a Lithuanian ofishin jakadancin. Kai mai wucewa visa ga tafiya zuwa Rasha marasa cigaban tattalin arziki ba tare da wani matsaloli.

A tsaka-tsaki

Wannan birni ya na da yawa sunayen: Tuvangste, Konigsberg, Krulevets, Kunnengsgarbs, Knigsberg, Karaliautsius da karshe, Kaliningrad. A tarihin birnin Dates baya ga tsakiyar zamanai. Da zarar kan wannan fili, a kan bankunan na kogin Pregel, su uku suna Prussian ƙauyuka. The mazaunan aka yafi tsunduma a kama kifi da kifi salting. A 1255 da Teutonic Knights gina kusa da wani kauye - Tuvangste - mai iko sansanin soja. Kagara aka kira Koenigsberg a cikin girmamawa ga Sarkin Bohemia Ottokar II Premysl. Daga baya sunan watsu duk garwaya tare kama kifi kauyuka. San Jamus mutane mamaki: bayan duk, Konigsberg fassara zahiri kamar yadda "sarki dutse", da kuma kira a matsayin low gaci Pregel ba kalubalanta. Amma dole ne mu tuna cewa sunan da sansanin soja ya Prussians Gothic asalin. A etymology na wuri suna, da yawa masu bincike hade da sunan "Royal Beach". A matsayin birnin da Teutonic Knights zo don ci gaban tattalin arziki, ya aka sani ba kawai ga wabtansu. Sun fassara da sunan Königsberg cikin nasu harsuna. A tsohon Rasha maps lokacin Peter girma, ya aka jera a matsayin Korolevets. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Königsberg ya kusan gama halakãsu da Soviet sojojin. Kahon ga mafi alhẽri qafafunku a kan wannan gefe, da kuma sunan birnin suka zo tare da wani. A Yuli 4, 1946, Königsberg aka sake masa suna Kaliningrad. Wannan ya yi wa ambaci Soviet siyasa. Wato, Mikhail Kalinin. Tun daga nan, birnin na zaune a karkashin wani sabon sunan.

Abin da ya gani a Kaliningrad ga dama hours

Ancient Koenigsberg iya duba karshe. Unguwa ce cewa su da kansu sun ba tukuna koyi duk jan hankali na birnin. Amma idan ka zo a rana, da kuma a ka dashi kawai kamar wata hours - babu matsala. City yawon shakatawa zai ba ka damar ganin babban gani da kuma koyi ban sha'awa abubuwa game da tarihin na sansanin soja na Konigsberg da Amber Coast. Kuma a sa'an nan za ka iya tafiya a kan ka fi so wuraren yin m Shots, leisurely stroll ta cikin Altstadt - Old Town. A da shi za ka samu da yawa pubs da kuma cafes, shaguna da kuma kyauta shagunan. Don jin da soothing ruhu na Turai, ba su yin musun kanka yardar wani kofin kofi tare da wani dadi gida pastries a cikin tsohon confectionery. A abincin dare zai lalle yi Konigsberg klopsami - sai dai in, ba shakka, ba ka zama mai cin ganyayyaki. Sa'an nan, ya kamata ka je da Kant tsibirin kan gada na masoya, gaba daya sun rataye da snaps. A dauki tare da su a matsayin wani abin tunawa akwatin bukatar marzipan. Wadannan zaki almond kayayyakin - musamman gani na birnin Kaliningrad.

Museum Night, ko a lokacin da suka zo

Wannan birni yana da yawa gidajen tarihi, da kuma wasu daga cikinsu, kamar Amber Museum, duniya ta teku kuma submarine B-413, ne da gaske musamman. aikin na Kaliningrad Museum Dare da aka kaddamar a 2006. Tun daga nan, a kowace shekara a kan wasu karshen mako duk da haikali na birnin al'adu hospitably bude kofofin ta ga baƙi da kuma aiki a kusa da nan kowane lokaci. A taron yana tare da titi kide, nune-nunen, Theatrical wasanni da kuma wasanni na tarihi sake enactors. A 2014, wannan Museum Dare da aka gudanar a ranar May 16-17. Saboda haka shirya wa da nan gaba. Tun wannan lokacin, wani ambaliya na yawon bude ido, shi wajibi ne don ajiyan hotel a gaba ko hayan gidan hiya. To, sai dai da Kaliningrad Museum Dare, da birnin da yake mafi kyau ga ziyarci in marigayi bazara da kuma bazara. Weather so wani yini lafiya, magariba marigayi. A Kaliningrad ne wasu, babu kasa ban sha'awa events. Alal misali, International Jazz Festival. Summer - cikakken lokaci don gano da gani na Kaliningrad da kuma yankin. Yi imani da ni, arewacin yanayin da Curonian tofa ne m, kuma da yawa na gidãje a gundumar kawai dazzled.

Tarihi na castle

Abin da ya gani a Kaliningrad da fari? Tabbatar da isasshen, sansanin soja. Wannan kagara ne kawai zai yiwu ba miss, ko da daga ta bar wuri guda - tsakiyar square. Wannan shi ne mayar da hankali, da shi za a iya ce, da zuciya da birnin. Idan ba ta, watakila akwai zai zama da Kaliningrad, kuma akwai zai kasance har yanzu uku kama kifi kauyuka. Sai da na ɗauki da Knights da sufaye a kan wannan arewacin gaci? Gaskiyar ita ce, a farkon XIII karni, shi ne har yanzu sanaki Majusawa. Paparoma ya ayyana wani jihadi a cikin ƙasa, to maida zuwa Katolika bangaskiya na Prussians. Christianization na gida yan asali mutane yi da Knights Templar sufaye na Order, da kuma kudi a kan soja ta dauki nauyin Sarkin Bohemia Ottokar II Premysl. A daraja da ya castle, wanda aka gina a 1255 da kuma kira Koenigsberg. A farko, an yi da itace. Amma ta kullum sāke gina su kula da ikon kare. Bayan duk, mafi kuma mafi daidaita makamai. A sakamakon yawa zane bayyana iko kagara. Bugu da kari, a kusa da birnin mata kagarai da aka gina don toshe wata yiwu maƙiyi gaba zuwa Koenigsberg. Ga aka sa a tarin zane-zane ta hanyar Turai artists, collections na ain da kuma azurfa, archaeological gidan kayan gargajiya sarrafa. Ga shi ne na karshe lokacin da mutane za su iya ganin shahara Amber Room, wanda mysteriously bace a lokacin yaki. Tare da a saki birnin castle ya aka sosai m, kuma a shekarar 1969 da kango aka nike tashi da dismantled. Yanzu akwai ake gudanar da archaeological tono, da kuma musamman kallo bene sanye take domin yawon bude ido.

Castle da kuma gari

Don shirya abin da ya gani a Kaliningrad ma inda ka ci gaba, kana bukatar ka zama sane da irin rawa da birnin zuwa castle. A karkashin inuwar Templar Order, duk uku na kauye ya fara cin nasara. Suna da hankali ba birni hakkokin (a 1286, 1300 da kuma 1327 shekaru.) By ƙarshen XIV karni Altstadt, Neustadt da Kneiphof garwaya tẽku, kuma Konigsberg shiga cikin Hanseatic League (wani analogue na yanzu Free Trade Area). A cikin XV karni, ci gaban tattalin arziki ya kai irin wannan matakin da cewa Canza wurin gidansa a nan Grand Jagora na Teutonic Order. A XVI karni, Albrecht Hohenzollern sa a theocracy cikin wani wadanda mutane duchy. Har 1675, shi ne a talakansa na Poland. Tare da sashe a cikin XVIII karni, akwai kafa wararriyar Prussian mulkin. Ta yaya wannan yammacin gothic tafi zuwa ga jihar? Har 1945 Koenigsberg kewaye yankin shi ne wani ɓangare na Jamus a matsayin lardin Gabas Prussia. Bayan da yaki, bisa ga shawarar na Potsdam taro, dukan wannan yanki da aka hakura da wani da Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma a shekara daga baya garin da aka sake masa suna Kaliningrad.

babban coci

Kamar yadda ka gani, da garin da castle sun rabuwa da al'adu da kuma tattalin arziki. A alama ce da rabo daga Roman Katolika bangaskiya ya Cathedral, wanda yanzu adorns Kaliningrad. Hotuna da wannan majestic gini ka gani a nan. Ya aza harsashin ginin babban coci, Bishop Johannes Clara a 1333. Haikali, sadaukar da Virgin Mary, kuma St Adalbert, aka gina a tsibirin Kneiphof (yanzu Kant), game da rabin karni. The gine-gine da zane na ginin mamaye arewacin Gothic, ko da yake a farkon shi aka ɗauki cikinsa a matsayin wani ɓangare na kufaifan. Wannan ne evidenced da iko masonry na gabashin bango mita uku lokacin farin ciki. Don babban coci da mallakar Episcopal Palace da kuma marayu. A hadaddun aka gina tare da Masters a Luther von Braunschweig da Vinrihe Kniprode bango, kazalika da a sau da Duchy, a lokacin da ginin ya samu fasali na Arewa Renaissance. Lokacin da University Albertina (1544) da aka kafa a Königsberg, duk da furofesoshi, ya fara da dama da za a binne shi a cikin ganuwar da Cathedral. Bafalsafe Immanuel Kant ya karshe, wanda toka huta a 1804 a cikin sarcophagus na baki dutse, kewaye da goma sha biyu ginshikan. Har ila yau, a nan ne kabarin Duke Albrecht da iyalinsa. Tanadi da hasãra haikali yaki kawai ya fara a shekarar 1990 da kuma ci gaba da wannan rana. Yanzu babban coci gini rike da sabis Orthodox da Furotesta.

kama kifi kauye

Abin da ya gani a Kaliningrad ban sha'awa duk da haka? Da zaran ka ne a kan Kant tsibirin, stroll tare da yawo, admiring da tsohon gini na University, da kuma wani daidaitacce giciye a gada na kafa ketaren kogi. Za a dauki a kama kifi kauye gina a 2006 a kan site na haihuwa Jamus shiri. Rabin timbered gidaje da kuma tiled rufi ba wannan hadadden tsari na "Little Turai". Ga suna located shagunan, kifi taverns, lookout turret "mayak" kuma ko da wani hotel "mayarwa". Village tituna suna yi wa ado da romantic fitilun, dadi bencina, ban sha'awa sculptures. Babu bikin aure a cikin birnin ne cikakken ba tare da wani photo shoot a cikin wannan jin dadi kusurwa. A lokacin rani daga marina River Station katerki je yawo a kan Pregel. Barin Fishing Village, saita kashe su gano wasu Monuments. Kaliningrad - wani zamani birnin, amma shi zai iya gadara da cewa yana kiyaye da tsoho ƙofofi. A gaskiya, wadannan masu garu entrances zuwa haihuwa Königsberg yana da dama. Amma mafi recognizable irin hallmark na birnin ne Brandenburg Gate. Su bambancinsa ya ta'allaka ne a kan gaskiyar cewa sun har yanzu ci gaba da yin ta aiki. Gate ado da yar tsanar hotuna gyãrãwa da kuma soja Figures. Suna mai suna haka saboda a baya ya tsaya a kan hanyar da zai kai ga castle na wannan sunan.

gidajen tarihi

Abin da kuma da ke a cikin tsohon Königsberg (yanzu Kaliningrad) jan hankali? Amber Museum ne a kan kowa na lebe. An located a bakin Lake isa,, a cikin tsakiyar birnin. Kuma ziyarar nuni, za ka iya koyi ba kawai game da duniya most ajiya na amber, amma kuma gani mai yawa ban mamaki gizmos na "rana dutse". Sana'a domin ƙarni ƙware ma'adanin na magani na taurare guduro na prehistoric itãce, kuma wannan za a iya gani ta hanyar kallon wani shagon kayan ado ko kyauta shop. Duniya Ocean Museum a Kaliningrad, ma, shi ne na musamman. Shi ne kadai nuni a Rasha, gaba ɗaya kwazo marinistike. The gidan kayan gargajiya da aka bude a shekarar 1990, kuma tun daga nan, ya tarin marine Fauna da Flora, an bayansa da kullum.

Kaliningrad Art Gallery ya tattara a cikin dakunan da fiye da dubu goma ayyuka na sassaka, zanen da kuma na ado art abubuwa. Königsberg Zoo yana dauke da mafi tsufa a Rasha. Yana da aka bude a 1896 da wani Jamus shuni Hermann Klaas. A wannan lokacin, da tarin kunshi 900 dabbobi da 260 jinsunan tsuntsaye. Domin fiye da karni na zama zoo daukan hotuna da aka kara haƙuri. A gidan kayan gargajiya "Submarine" a Kaliningrad yana da bayanai a kan sojan ruwa ci gaba a kasar mu. A submarine B-413 a 1997 aka hukumance sun soke zama da kuma tuba a cikin wani gidan kayan gargajiya. Konigsberg ko da yaushe kira sansanin soja birni. Its karfi kufaifan na lokuta daban-daban sun yanzu ya juya zuwa cikin gidan kayan gargajiya. Za ka iya tafiya a kusa da Kaliningrad wuraren kiwo nata, da ganin mata kagarai da cewa da zarar katange hanyar da abokan gaba, a cikin birnin. Su goma sha bakwai, amma don samun wani ra'ayi, akalla isa ya ziyarci daya. Konigsberg zama scene gwabza kazamin fada a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. Game da abubuwan da suka faru bãyar da lãbãri a gidan kayan gargajiya nune-nunen "dugout", "umurnin post lambar 43," Stories BBB, "Fort yawan 5".

A Curonian tofa

Idan ka riga ya yanke shawarar da tambaya na abin da ya duba ban sha'awa a Kaliningrad, shi ne lokacin da za a je bayan gari iyaka. A gundumar mai yawa na da gidãjen, bar mu da gadon warlike Teutons. Ba za a iya watsi da ban mamaki yanayi na Curonian tofa tare da musamman dancing gandun daji. A wani lokacin, da itatuwa fara lanƙwasa. Dalilin irin wannan halayya na gandun daji ya zuwa yanzu babu wani daga cikin masana kimiyya ba zai iya warware. Wannan m sashin na rairayi ko da kunshe a cikin UNESCO jerin. National Park bude a kan ƙasa na tofa.