Epiphysis - abin da yake da shi? Tsari da kuma aiki na pineal gland shine yake

Popular sau da yawa, a cikin zamani likita yi, kuma a cikin kimiyya wallafe-wallafe, za ka iya haɗu da Kalmar "pineal gland shine yake". Mene ne wannan? Menene wannan tsarin? Mene ne Properties? Wadannan al'amurran da suka shafi ne ban sha'awa ga mutane da yawa, musamman Ganin cewa a cikin jiki ne sau da yawa hade da wasu esoteric theories.

Epiphysis - abin da yake da shi?

A gaskiya, a cikin jikin mutum akwai biyu Tsarin wanda aka kira su da wannan lokaci. Na tabbata mutane da yawa sun ji daga cikin kashi epiphysis, wanda shi ne karshen sashe na tubular ƙasũsuwa.

Amma a cikin mutum kwakwalwa kuma yana da wani epiphysis. Mene ne wannan? Wannan shi ne wani karamin tsari, wanda mafi yawa ana dangana ga yaxuwa endocrine tsarin. Af, akwai wasu sunaye da wannan sashin jiki, kamar cikin pineal gland shine yake da da pineal gland shine yake. pineal gland shine yake a cikin kwakwalwa ne wani ɓangare na abin da ake kira fotoendokrinnoy tsarin, da kuma, duk da mun gwada suna fadin size, da rawar ga al'ada aiki na jiki ne kawai babban.

Epiphysis na kashi da ta aiki

Kashi epiphysis ne wani Extended kunya na tubular kashi. Wannan bangare ne articular surface wanda Forms wani hadin gwiwa tare da m kashi.

A wannan sashen da kashi nama yana da wani spongy tsarin. A surface an rufe tare da articular guringuntsi, epiphysis, kuma a karkashin wani guringuntsi nama ne da ake kira subchondral farantin hada da wani jam'i na capillaries da jijiya endings.

Ciki da kashi epiphysis mai cike da bargo. Wannan tsarin yana da muhimmanci ga al'ada aiki na jikin mutum, tun da shi ne a nan cewa samuwar kuma maturation na ja jini Kwayoyin.

A epiphysis (pineal) da kuma ta wurin

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa pineal gland shine yake - a latest gano da kuma kalla karatu na mutum kwakwalwa. Hakika, da yawa binciken da bayyana ginshikai na wannan tsarin da aka yi na tsawon shekaru goma. Af, wannan alama kananan jiki ne a bit kamar Pine mazugi, ga wanda ya, a gaskiya, da ake kira pineal gland shine yake.

Rasplozhen da sashin jiki a kusa da cibiyar kwakwalwa, tsakanin biyu hemispheres a mezhtalamicheskogo kabu. Haka kuma an haɗe zuwa biyu thalami located in diencephalon.

sifar tantanin halitta

Pineal gland shine yake - a kananan sashin jiki, fentin a launin toka-ja. Waje da shi da aka mai rufi kwantena na m connective nama. Kwantena siffofin da ake kira trabeculae, wanda shiga cikin gland shine yake da raba shi a cikin kananan yanka. Wannan abin da mutum pineal gland shine yake - tsarin za a iya daukarsa fairly sauki.

A ciki na aka hada da parenchyma gland shine yake da connective nama abubuwa. Babban tsarin abubuwa a cikin epiphysis ne pinealocytes - polygonal parenchymal Kwayoyin. Baya daga gare su, da shi da aka samu, da kuma nau'I hudu na Kwayoyin - neurons ne pineal gland shine yake, interstitial endocrinocytes ma peptidergic neuron tsarin da perivascular phagocytes.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin farkon rayuwar mutum na pineal gland shine yake yana girma cikin sauri, amma a lokacin da mutum ke balaga, da pineal gland shine yake girma a hankali fades. Bugu da ƙari, kamar yadda suke girma mazan da kuma tsufa na jikin mutum akwai wani involution na prostate.

asali ayyuka

Hakika, da aiki da pineal gland shine yake ba tukuna cikakken gane. Duk da haka, an san cewa, babban pineal hormone melatonin ne alhakin da samuwar ake kira circadian rhythms (barci da kuma wakefulness). Wannan hormone ne alhakin ba kawai ga mita na barci, amma kuma taimaka jiki daidaita da wa gajiyar tafiya. Kuma shi abubuwa a matsayin antioxidant da kuma retards da tsufa tsari.

Hakika, da pineal gland shine yake samar hormones da kuma wasu sauran abubuwa. Ga misali, da baƙin ƙarfe allocates adrenoglomerulotropin wanda stimulates aldosterone kira tafiyar matakai. Bugu da kari, da pineal gland shine yake aikata aikin da dama wasu muhimman ayyuka. Alal misali, shi damuarn a saki girma hormones da kuma jima'i ci gaba, ya hana ci gaban samuwar kuma marurai, Qarfafa na rigakafi da tsarin. An yi imani da cewa pineal gland shine yake hormones a wasu har sarrafa aiki na hypothalamic-pituitary tsarin, game da shi, shafi na aiki na duk jikin ta endocrine gland.

tsari na aiki

Ya kamata a lura da cewa fasali na pineal gland shine yake da tsari har yanzu talauci gane. Research hampered da kananan size na prostate kuma yana da wuri. Duk da haka, an tabbatar da cewa pineal gland shine yake ne sarrafawa ba kawai ta hanyar jijiya endings, amma kuma m zuwa ga haske.

Hakika, da haske ba ya shiga kai tsaye zuwa ga pineal jiki. Duk da haka photons hangula takamaiman ganglion sel da akan tantanin ido. Saboda haka, a jijiya turu yana daukar kwayar cutar zuwa suprahiazmalnomu tsakiya na hypothalamus, inda paraventricular tsakiya ne directed ta hanyar da babba segments na thoracic laka. Saboda haka zumudi yana daukar kwayar cutar zuwa babba epiphysis ta hanyar mahaifa ganglion. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa da lokacinta tasowa suprahiazmalnom core, ba ta da da, amma ya hana aikin pineal gland shine yake. Saboda haka, a cikin hasken melatonin mugunya an rage, da kuma a cikin duhu (a dare) - yistin. Amma ga ruri na pineal gland shine yake, da neurotransmitter a cikin wannan hali abubuwa a matsayin norepinephrine.

Cututtuka na pineal gland shine yake

Hakika, wasu cututtuka zai iya shafar, kuma wannan yanki na kwakwalwa. Alal misali, sau da yawa a lokacin dubawa na daban-daban neoplasms gano a cikin tsarin kira epiphysis. Mene ne wannan? Eh, wani lokacin a cikin pineal gland shine yake kyallen takarda faruwa m canji na Kwayoyin. Lura bayyanar da benign ƙari ko mafitsara.

Tun da pineal gland shine yake shi ne mai gland shine yake na ciki mugunya, sa'an nan, ta halitta, suka samar da kwayoyin hormones rinjayen aiki na dukan endocrine tsarin. Ko da karamin mafitsara da pineal gland shine yake iya sa mai tsanani hormonal gazawar da kuma ci gaban da cutar kira makrogenitosomiya. Irin wannan cutar tare da canje-canje a cikin matakin da wasu hormones, wadda take kaiwa zuwa bai kai ba jiki da kuma jima'i ci gaba (bayyanar da haila a wani wuri shekaru, da dai sauransu). Sau da yawa a lokaci guda akwai shafi tunanin mutum retardation.

Epiphysis a zamani esotericism

Ba asiri da ake dangantawa da pineal gland shine yake taro na sufi tãtsũniyõyin da esoteric theories. Gaskiyar cewa jiki da aka gano gwada da marigayi, da kuma boye zurfi a cikin kwakwalwa Tsarin, wanda ya sa wasu masana kimiyya da falsafa da ra'ayin da matuqar muhimmanci na pineal gland shine yake. Alal misali, Rene Dekart a cikin aikinsa kira da pineal gland shine yake "da wurin zama na rai." Lalle ne, shi ne wannan tsarin shekaru da dama, har ma da ƙarni riskarsa kamar wani irin tafki na mutum rai.

Akwai kuma mafi tsoho imani game da sufi "na uku ido", wanda damar wani mutum zuwa ga marar ganuwa da ke alhakin wani iri-iri qwaqwalwa ne qwarai damar iya yin komai. Alal misali, a cikin karni na 19th ka'idar cewa an sa a gaba da cewa wani m uku ido zahiri wanzu. Amma idan a cikin wasu dabbobi da shi aka located a farfajiya na jiki (misali, wasu cyclostomes epiphysis gaske zo zuwa ga surface da kuma ayyukan matsayin photosensor), sa'an nan mutanen ido "boye" ciki da kwanyar.