Aeolian taimako da kuma asali siffofi. Dunes - wannan ...

Relief duniya stunningly bambancin. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu mayar da hankali a kan dunes. Ta yaya kuma inda suka ake samar? Kuma menene wadannan m halitta tsarin?

Aeolian taimako. Dunes - wannan ...

Labarin kasa da karatu ba ne kawai na kasar da kuma birnin. A fannin amfani da wannan kimiyya ya hada ma wani sauƙi - da totality of duk tafka magudi a farfajiya na Duniya. Geomorphology (musamman labarin kasa sashe) yana karatu ta asali tsari, da Farawa da kuma baza.

Relief iya zama daban-daban. A kan aiwatar da da samuwar hannu kusan dukan sojoji, da mamaki lura a mu duniya. Saboda haka, wasu nau'i na taimako bayyana a ƙarƙashin rinjayar Duniya ta ciki makamashi, yayin da wasu suna kafa dindindin ko wucin gadi magudanai. Amma da dunes - shi ne kome kamar classic iska aikin samfurin.

Ɗan tutun rairai - shi ne wani nau'i na abin da ake kira aeolian taimako. Wannan kalma ta fito ne daga sunan da Greek hali, da Demi-bautãwa Aeolus. A cewar yaren, ya shi ne shugaban mulkin iskõki.

Aeolian matakai suna tare da canja wurin da lafiya yashi, lãka ko silt barbashi a wasu nisa, su jari da kuma rarraba ta duniya surface. Mafi dace da yanayi na wadannan matakai - a cikin sashi na hamada da kuma semidesert, inda adibas daga cikin kayan da aka ba kulla tushen tsarin shuke-shuke.

Babban siffofin aeolian sauƙi - rairayi da dunes. Wannan yashi halitta tsarin, abin da ya bambanta daga juna da siffar, size, da kuma wuri na da samuwar. A dunes suna kafa gabaɗaya a cikin jeji, da a jinjirin wata siffar kuma isa wani tsawo na 60-70 mita. dunes, bi da bi - shi ne mai finer nau'i na taimako, ne yadu samu tare da gaba da tabkuna, tekuna da kuma manyan koguna. A mafi daki-daki, Za mu tattauna su kara.

Dunes - menene wannan? Formation da asali iri dunes

Lokacin da a kan rairayin bakin teku, ko kuma wani babban jiki na ruwa ne, shrubs, boulders, saurã daga ganuwar, shi ne mai kyau da ake bukata kafun ga samuwar na bayyana siffofin taimako. Mene ne dunes? Wannan, magana a cikin sauki sharuddan da iska yashi tuddai. a kan lokaci, da kankanin yashi tara a kusa da wasu cikas. Kuma kafa dunes, wanda ya samar da a cikin shirin dogara da iska ya tashi da wani wuri.

Ɗan tutun rairai tsawo yawanci Range daga 20 zuwa 40 mita. A wasu sassa na duniya akwai real ƙattin na yashi har zuwa 100-150 mita (misali, a kan gaba na da Bay na Biscay). Windward gangara da suka saba m (game da 10-15 digiri), da kuma downwind - steeper fiye da game da biyu sau. Single dunes ne rare. Mafi sau da yawa sun samar da elongated sarƙoƙi na tuddai na rairayi ne.

Dangane da siffar da dunes kasu kashi uku iri:

• kofaton-dimbin yawa (kafa a lokacin da iska ta fãɗa da duk shekara a kusa a cikin shugabanci).
• mai gangara (an kafa a wuraren da yawa yashi).
• star (mafi picturesque dunes, kafa a wuraren da iska sau da yawa ya canjãwa shugabanci).

ɗan tutun rairai motsi

Wadannan ban mamaki halitta tsarin har yanzu matsawa! Akwai shi, sake, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar iska. Yana mirgina yashi daga daya gangara zuwa wani, yin dunes canza matsayin su a cikin sarari. Speed motsi suka yi ne kananan - game da 20-30 mita a kowace shekara.

Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa yunkuri na dunes - shi ne mai real matsala. Bayan yawo sandhills halaka shũka a cikin filayen, zuba hanyoyi, makiyaya, har ma da dukan kauyuka. Mutane na kokarin yaki da wannan sabon abu, tare da taimakon yashi kam. Don yin wannan, a kan Windward gangara na dunes da dunes ana shuka ciyawa da bishiyoyi da shrubs. Its tushen tsarin ci gaba da hatsi daga m "tafiya."

Mafi shahara dunes na duniya

France, Namibia, Rasha, Wales da kuma Australia - cewa hadawa da duk wadannan kasashe? Haka ne - da dunes! Kowace daga cikinsu yana da kansa "mu'ujiza daga cikin yashi." Za mu gaya muku game da su a cikin tsari.

Ɗan tutun rairai na Pyla (Faransa) ne mafi girma a Turai. An located a kan tudu na Bay na Arcachon da Atlantic yana da tsawo na 130 mita. Wannan wuri ne sosai rare daga yawon bude ido. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa tare Saw 'yan mita kowace shekara ne motsi zurfi a cikin shekaru da haihuwa Pine gandun daji.

"Big Daddy" (Namibia) - da mafi ɗan tutun rairai a cikin Namib Desert (304 mita). Ci na orange-ja m duwãtsu - wajibi abu a kan shirin na kowane yawon shakatawa da suka zo nan.

Echis tsawo (Rasha) - ban sha'awa na halitta abu zubar a tofa, a Kaliningrad. Matsakaicin tsawo daga cikin dunes - 64 mita. A da saman ne na musamman sawu.

Ɗan tutun rairai Inislas (Wales) - daya daga cikin mafi kyau wurare a wannan bangare na kasar Birtaniya. Kuma Inislas ba ze m, shi ne kusan rufe gaba daya da kyau ciyawa da wildflowers. Bayan ɗan tutun rairai musamman mobile da kullum canja da siffar.

Dutsen tsãwa (Australia) an dauke su da na biyu mafi girma ɗan tutun rairai a duniya (285 mita). An located a arewa maso gabashin kasar, kusa da birnin Brisbane. Ɗan tutun rairai janyo hankalin ba kawai matafiya, amma kuma masu sana'a masu daukan hoto, saboda ta taron yayi wani m view of Australian Coast.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka dunes - shi ne wani nau'i na taimako na aeolian asalin. Wannan shi ne ta main "gini" da "sculptor" abubuwa iska. A dunes aka kafa a kan gaba na manyan jikin ruwa, su ne kananan cikin size da kuma motsi.