Aleksandr Benua: a takaice biography da kerawa

Shahararren Rasha artist Aleksandr Nikolaevich Benua (1870-1960) da aka haifa a cikin wani shahararren iyali, inda a Bugu da kari ya yi 'ya'ya takwas. Uwar Camille Albertovna Benoit (Kavos) ya samuwar wani mawaki. Uba - sanannen m.

Aleksandr Benua, biography (short): shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

Da yara na nan gaba artist da aka gudanar a St. Petersburg. Akwai ya sa suna a cikin zaman kansa makaranta na Karl May, wanda a lokuta daban-daban sun sauke karatu 25 mambobin halittar Benoit. Bayan kammala wata na gargajiya da ilimi, Alexander ya ci gaba da karatu a Faculty of St. Petersburg University, kuma a layi daya halarci azuzuwan a Academy of Fine Arts. Bugu da kari, wani dalibi, wani matashi Benoit bambanta kansa a matsayin marubuci da kuma mai zargi, ƙara gungunin littafin "History of Turai Art" babi a kan Rasha art. A lokacin daga 1896 zuwa 1898 Aleksandr Benua rayu kuma ya yi aiki a Faransa. Shi ne "Versailles jerin" suka rubuta a can.

"World of Art"

A 1898, tare da SP Diaghilev, Aleksandr Benua shirya jam'iyya "World of Art", samar da wannan ɗaba'ar. Yana hada da irin sanannun artists kamar Lancer, Diaghilev da Bakst. Members na jam'iyya shirya wani nuni a cikinsa dauki bangare Roerich, Vrubel, Serov, Bilibin, Vasnetsov, Korovin da Dobuzhinsky. Duk da haka, ba duk mashawarta artists m zuwa "World of Art". A musamman, Repin ba sosai m na kamfanin, da kuma na Benoit kira da rabin ilimi, bibliographer da curator na hermitage, ko da yake ya dauki bangare a nune-nunen.

"Rasha Seasons"

A 1905, Aleksandr Benua tafi Faransa. Akwai, har da himma, da rawa nagartattu "Rasha Seasons" da aka kafa, a karkashin jagorancin Diaghilev. Benoit shi ne da m darektan da kuma a 1911 ya halitta sun zama duniya-sanannen shimfidar wuri domin wasar kwaikwayo ta waka "Petrushka" by Stravinsky. Kuma 'yan san cewa artist ba kawai tsara productions amma kuma taimake rubuta da libretto ga wasar kwaikwayo ta waka.

Koma zuwa Rasha

A 1910, da artist wallafa wani "Guide ga hermitage." Wannan edition ya culmination na aikinsa a matsayin wani art sukar lamiri. A 'yan shekarun baya Aleksandr Benua domin su kudi sayi a cikin Crimea, Sudak yanki na ƙasar da gina wani gida, inda ya huta da kuma aiki. Zane-zane da kuma almara sanya can, an samu a cikin da yawa Rasha gidajen tarihi. A Soviet lokaci, bayan da ya tashi zuwa Faransa, a lokacin da shi ya bayyana cewa Benoit ba zai dawo, da archive da aka adana a cikin Crimean House of Artists, mika wa Rasha Museum, da kuma na sirri mallakarmu duka da furniture sayar a gwanjo.

Rayuwa a Soviet Rasha

Bayan juyin juya halin Musulunci, a kan shawarwarin na Gorky Aleksandr Benua, wani photo na wanda aka gabatar a kasa, Na yi aiki a kwamitin domin Kariya na al'adu Monuments, a lura da hermitage kuma tsunduma a rajista na wasanni da yawa a cikin sinimomi: Mariinsky, Alexandrinsky da Bolshoi Drama.

Duk da haka, abin da ke faruwa a kasar ne sosai frustrating ga artist. Daga cikin rahoton A. V. Lunacharskogo a kan 09/03/1921, a mayar da martani ga wani request ga wani m №2244 nuna cewa ya goyan bayan da canji, amma daga baya aka taka rawar gani ta rayuwar ta matsaloli, da kuma bayyana rashin biyan bukata da gurguzun iko gidan kayan gargajiya aiki a farkon juyin juya halin. Next Commissar rubuta cewa Benoit ba aboki na sabuwar gwamnatin, amma a matsayin darektan na hermitage yana da manyan ayyuka ga al'umma da kuma zane-zane. Takaitacciyar Lunacharsky shi ne: a kan sana'a halaye na artist ne mai muhimmanci da kuma ya kamata a kare.

tashi

Shubuha hali zuwa sabuwar gwamnatin m nan gaba rayuwa da kuma aiki na Benoit. "The Aure na Figaro" - na karshe yi a Birnin Leningrad, Bolshoi Drama gidan wasan kwaikwayo, halshen da artist kafin ya tashi daga kasar.

A 1926, Lunacharsky Aleksandr Benua shawarwari biography wanda a 'yan shekarun nan ne cike da masifu, suka tafi a kan kasuwanci tafiya don aiki a cikin Grand Opera House a Faransa. Aika da shi zuwa Paris, Commissar san sarai abin da aka faruwa a cikin ransa. Benoit aka faruwa bayan aikin da ya koma Rasha, amma a karshen watan Yuni 1927 ya Lunacharsky zo a Paris. Daga cikin wasika daga cikin artist zuwa JJu Nortau haka da cewa shi ne mutane ta commissar rinjayi shi ba to komawa zuwa ga mahaifarsa. A wani m tattaunawar, ya ce da rashin kudade da kuma yanayi na ta aiki da kuma rika jira a Faransa har da halin da ake ciki canje-canje.

Saboda haka Benoit taba koma zuwa Rasha.

A karshe shekaru ransa

Biography Aleksandra Benua ci gaba da rubuta riga nisa daga gida, amma a Paris wannan lokaci ya juya daga mafi daga cikin abokansa da abokansu. The artist ci gaba da aiki da kuma tsara da shimfidar wuri a cikin da yawa sinimomi, rubuta littattafai da kuma zane-zane. Daga baya suka yi aiki tare da dansa Nicholas kuma ya Elena. Aleksandr Benua mutu a Paris a shekarar 1960, kadan kafin shekaru 90-shekara da ranar tunawa. Ya bar wata babbar adadin aiki, wallafe da kuma memoirs. A tsawon rayuwar Aleksandr Benua, biography da kerawa wanda aka inextricably nasaba da Rasha, shi ya kasance wani mabiyin Bakan'ane, da kokarin sa shi a sanannun al'adu a duniya.

Personal rai

Aleksandr Benua aka aure. Aure yara da aka haife: 'yar Helen da kuma dan Nicholas. Dukansu artists. Benoit a 1924 bisa gayyatar da majalisar Opera koma Faransa. Ya sa'an nan ya koma Italiya, inda har shekaru da yawa (daga 1937 zuwa 1970) ya darektan samar bangare a cikin Milan La Scala. Tsunduma a rajista na productions, yawa daga waɗanda aka yi da mahaifinsa, ya yi aiki a yawa da suka shahara sinimomi a duniya, tsara da uku-kakar wasanni a cikin Bolshoi wasan kwaikwayo a Moscow. Elena ya bar daga Soviet Rasha tare da mahaifinsa a Paris a 1926. Ya kasance wani shahararren mai zane-zane, da kuma ta biyu zane-zane samu Faransa gwamnati. Daga cikin ta ayyukan da hoto na BF Chaliapin da ze Serebryakova.

A memory daga cikin shahararrun fenta, wanda ya yi babban taimako ga yin zane-zane, da aka kafa ta kasa da kasa rawa kyauta da ake kira da sunansa. A Peterhof akwai wani lãbãri sadaukar da shi da kaina.