Medici Chapel, Michelangelo: description da kuma hotuna

A 1421-1428, da Brunelleschi gina wani ɗakin sujada a gefe na coci na San Lorenzo (Medici chapels) a Florence. Ta ya kamata ya zama wani kabari ga Medici gidan. Kusan a bayan shekara ɗari Paparoma Leo X shawara ta hanyar Michelangelo gama ta facade. Saboda da rashin kudi da aikin da aka tsaya.

Florence Church of San Lorenzo

A mafi tsufa coci a Florence - ne haikalin San Lorenzo. A cikin shekara ta 339 cikin babban coci da aka tsarkake St. Ambrose, Bishop na Milan. A Romanesque lokaci, ya sake sake tsarkake a 1059. A 1418 da Medici yanke shawarar gaba daya sake gina shi, ya danƙa shi a Filippo Brunelleschi. Haikali ciki da aka yi wa ado da ayyukan Donatello. Shugabannin Chapel zama binne wuri domin duk da shugabannai da Medici iyali na biyu line, suka fara da Cosimo I. Yana sa a kan nuni da dũkiya da ikon da Medici. Yana mai cike da duk dasu ba na makamai na birane na Duchy na Tuscany da Medici gashi na makamai a kan rufi. Lush ciki na Florentine mosaic da aka yi kusan shekara ɗari biyu. A aikin da aka yi sosai a hankali. Akwai dole ne ya kasance zuba da shida shugabanninsu. A gaskiya, da babbar makarar ne komai kuma bauta ne kawai a matsayin funerary Monuments. A gaskiya ma, cikin Medici aka binne shi a crypt. Bayan kowane sarcophagus a cikin wani bango alkuki. Da suka kamata su zauna da shugabannai sassaka. Duk da haka, akwai kawai biyu na tunawa - wani mutum-mutumi na Ferdinand na da Cosimo II. Dome mayar da Brunelleschi Dome da kuma ado da scenes daga Littafi Mai Tsarki.

A crypt tare da kaburbura. Chapel na sarakuna

Sanya ga nassi a cikin Chapel na Medici zai kai tsaye zuwa crypt. Daga nan za ka iya zuwa ɗakin sujada na sarakuna da kuma New Sacristy. Crypt duhu da ciki, wanda shi ne na halitta zuwa kabarin, inda kusan binne mafi yawan Medici 'yan uwa, ciki har da wadanda aka kamata su natsu a cikinsa, da ɗakin sujada na sarakuna. A zanen highborn lady zaune a cikin wani kwarjini da taƙama kujera. Wannan Anna Maria Luisa de 'Medici, na karshe magaji na iyali, wanda ya mutu a 1743. Ta bar wata babbar m gãdon ƙasarsa Florence.

Ga masoya na Michelangelo

A 1520, shi ya ɗauki a gina ɗakin sujada tare da tombstones for Lorenzo da babba da ɗan'uwansa Giuliano, kazalika ga sauran 'ya'ya biyu maza da Medici iyali: Giuliano, Duke na Nemours, kuma Lorenzo, Duke na Urbino. Bugu da kari, Cardinal Giulio, a dan uwan na Paparoma Leo X, yana so ya amince da gina Michelangelo ta library. Ya kamata zauna a cikin littattafai na ga dukan iyali, kazalika samu daga daban-daban majalisarsa da sauran sanannun bibliophiles. Medici Chapel da New Sacristy da shi, kuma a library - biyu muhimmanci ayyukan domin shekaru 45 da haihuwa, master, wanda a karo na farko za su yi aiki da su da gine.

New Sacristy - shi ne daya daga cikin gine-gine da ayyukan, wanda master kawo ga ƙarshe. Yana yana da wani kasa da bakwai sculptures na Renaissance baiwa.

FarawaEND_LINK

Cardinal Giulio de 'Medici na HALITTAR, zabe shugaban Kirista a karkashin sunan Clement VII na, kira Michelangelo zuwa Roma, kuma ya ba da wani m nuni da cewa Chapel na Medici ya kamata a kammala ba tare da bata lokaci ba. Yana so ya sami ɗaukaka a cikin ƙarni ba kasa da Paparoma Leo X, kuma magabata, sun bar ƙwaƙwalwar kansa a matsayin patrons da gine-gine, sassaka da zane. Kamata ba dorewar hotunan da a zamanin da, sanannen Medici, da kuma waɗanda ake kafa a Florence daular mulkinsu. Sun kasance biyu matasa, ba daukaka kansa shugaba. New Sacristy a cikin coci na San Lorenzo (Medici chapels) ya zama guda hadaddun da haihuwa, gina ta Brunelleschi. Michelangelo yi cikinsa, sa'an nan kuma sanya shi mafi hadaddun umarni, cornices, manya, kofofi, maharibai da kaburbura. Ya tako baya daga baya yarda da dokoki da kuma al'adu. Medici Chapel a request daga Paparoma daina yana da su sun hada da hurumin Lorenzo da babba da ɗan'uwansa Giuliano. A wuri na girmamawa dole tsaya kabarin Paparoma Leo X kuma nasa. Fata cewa mafi babu wanda amfani da baiwa da Michelangelo, Clement VII miƙa m ya zama m da kuma aski a cikin Order of St. Francis. Lokacin da artist ƙi, mahaifina ba shi da wani gidan. Next zuwa da shi ya tsaya a ɗakin sujada na Medici. Albashi wuce sau 3 da adadin da ka nemi Michelangelo.

Michelangelo a Florence

Wannan ya yi Michelangelo Buonarroti? Medici chapels bukaci wani tsawo na ɗakin sujada. Ya kamata kafa wani rufi vault, gina skylight kuma yi jerin ba kasa da aiki-m aiki. Kuma a sa'an nan ba za mu iya tunani a game da wani sassaka cewa sculptor yi nufi ga ado da hurumin Giuliano da Lorentso Medichi. Wannan na bukatar da aikin, ya kuma inganta kudi daga Clement VII.

Shugabannai zayyanawa sculptures

Me ji zai sa Medici Chapel? Michelangelo, ba yaudarar kansa, na nuna cewa, a lokacin da sculptures shirya, za su kunya wadanda suke so su ga wani hoto na biyu na iyali ta zuriyarsa. Ba su zama kama. Ya so ya haifar da wani sabon mutane, generated ba kawai su lokaci amma kuma nasu sabon m kalubale. A mutummutumai da motsi da za a daukar kwayar cutar babban poise cewa kamar ta daskarewa a cikin iska. Yana zai zama biyu da karfi saurayi, cike da majestic da natsuwa.

Medici chapels: description

A kabarin Medici mutum ya faxa cikin wani mabanbanta duniya, ba wanda ya kasance a kan titi. Ka kãma ta ji bakin ciki da kuma da alama cewa kai ne a yankin. Around ne m facades, saboda duhu pilasters, architraves a kan m windows, windows kansu, haske launin ganuwar ba wannan gungu damuwa gabar na da tituna da kuma murabba'ai. Yana da wannan sarari da ya hada da wani mutum a wani azumi mai ɓuɓɓuga rafi na lokacin, halitta da Michelangelo. Kabarin master - shi ne tunanin game da mudu na canzawa, da kuma gajeren lokacin kiranka na zama, kama a cikin hadakar gine da sassaka.

madonna

A cikin coci na San Lorenzo (Medici chapels) New Sacristy kama wani free shigen sukari cewa lashe vault. The m sanya shi a cikin maharibai da bango-saka, wani gagarumin karuwa a cikin kaburbura. Domin su, sai ya ɗauki yar tsanar Figures na rayuwa-size. A akasin wannan, ya kuma sa bagade na sculptural kungiyar "Madonna da Child" da kuma kewaye da shi tare da mutummutumai da St. Cosma e Damiano (Medici promoters). Su a kan lãka almara yi almajiransa. Madonna - key ga dukan ɗakin sujada. Ta na da kyau da kuma ƙ mayar da hankali. Madonna ta fuskar da aka karkata zuwa ga yaro. Yana cike da baƙin ciki, da baƙin ciki. Madonna da aka kura idon a cikin zurfin tsanani tunani. A folds na tufafinta ta haifar da wata siga rhythmic mataki da kuma yin shirki da shi tare da duk gine-gine da form. An jariri ta kai ga ta. Ya kuma cika da ciki kuzarin kawo cikas da kuma tashin hankali, wanda shi ne mai jituwa tare da dukan ɗakin sujada. A abun da ke ciki na ɗakin sujada Madonna taka sosai muhimmiyar rawa. Yana da su ta fuskar siffar Giuliano da Lorenzo.

Mutummutumai a maharibai

Ba tare da ambato na wani hoto siffarsu a cikin makamai na zamanin d Romawa zauna biyu da kamã da jũna Figures. M, mai kuzari Giuliano bareheaded dogara ne a kan kwamandan na sanda. Yana alama ce da zaman lafiya da cewa ya zo bayan da yaki. Yana da wani Misalin na rayuwa mai inganci. Duk da yake da ɗan'uwansa Lorenzo ne a cikin mafi zurfi tunani da kuma contemplative alama ce ta rayuwa. Kansa aka rufe da tsoho kwalkwali Allaha a kan ta hannu da gwiwar hannu - a kan akwatin, wanda shi ne m bestial muzzle. Yana nufin hikima da kuma kasuwanci acumen. Dukansu Figures gajiya da melancholy. Alkuki na clenched cewa yana da viewer ji na tashin hankali da kuma damuwa. Suna ta shiga wani kabari hour na yaƙe-yaƙe da kuma tashin da yi tunani na Lorenzo da babba, da mai kyautata na Italiya, a cikinsa, akwai zaman lafiya.

Figures a kan sarcophagus murfi

Zamiya saukar da wani gangaren lids makabarta, kawai taƙaita su, suna sculpted allegories a sãfe da maraice a ƙafa na Lorenzo da yini da dare - a Giuliano. Alamu na gudãna lokaci excruciatingly m. Su iko da kamiltaccen jiki rabbai - reified languor da kuma baƙin ciki. "Morning" tana farkawa a sannu a hankali da kuma ba tare da so, "Day" ne farkakku damuwa da kuma damuwa, "Maraice", tsepeneya, da dama barci, "Night" da aka nutsa cikin wani nauyi m barci. Abin da irin tsuntsu a ɗakin sujada na Medici? "Night" kafar da yake a kan mujiya, wanda, idan da shari'ã, wani abu farka ta. Stone, wanda ta riqe a hannunta, iya fada a kowane lokaci, da kuma tada. Babu sauran ga "Dare." Wannan ne evidenced da cikakken tsiya mask a hannunta. A adadi na "Day" cancanci hankali saboda abin mamaki savanin sculpting wani kyakkyawan jiki da kuma ya wahala juyawa zuwa ga viewer ta kai. The jiki ne lafiya da kuma goge, da kuma fuskarsa ta dan kadan fita, da image kawai shirya. "Day" rike waƙoƙi na kida da m nedooformlen. Ma'ana adadi "Morning" da "Maraice." Wannan halitta a mafi ma'ana, jijjiga da kuma barazana. A sculptor ya ba ji tsoron ci gaba da ba da lokaci, tilasta cikin viewer to zaton ta hanyar da fassara sassaka a matsayin wani abu. Ga kafin ka ne mutum "marece" (Medici chapels). Photo tabbatar da sama. Figures ba ka so ya zauna ko ji. Gabã ɗaya, da lokaci na rana Medici tabbatar da taken "Koyaushe» (Semper), wanda ke nufin wani m yi na wajibi. Tare da Figures matasa allegories kewaye a cikin wani barga triangular abun da ke ciki.

"Crouching Boy"

Medici Chapel da kabari rashin lokaci, wanda yake rufe ta mutum, da wata sassaka wanda shi ne yanzu a cikin hermitage. Haka kuma an kira "The yaro shan fitar da wani tsage." Idan ka wajen tunani dawo da shi zuwa ga ɗakin sujada, za ka ga cewa lokaci aka haɗa ta da iyaka yanzu-yanzu. Wannan kananan mutum-mutumi, wanda shi ne free shiga cikin wani shigen sukari. Ta, kamar "Day" ba quite gama: ta bai kammala kasa da kuma mayar da ba a goge. Baby duk lankwasa zuwa da suka ji rauni kafa, don haka sabon abu da kuma m, a cikin hali. Sculptor nemi a cire daga marmara kawai musamman zama dole don ganin idan ta dama a kashe da pedestal, sa'an nan kome zai yi raba kashe. Yaron yana da muhimmanci a cikin sauran zane, domin shi ne - a lokacin a lokacin. Idan Madonna - lokaci, tarihi da Kirista, abinda ya kawo tare mutane a wancan zamanin, da yaron - ya brevity. Ya kuma halin da ake ciki, da kuma a lokacin. Figures a karkashin maharibai ne a cikin wannan sake zagayowar lokacin ga wani canji, maimakon kansu, a tsaye a wani abu na musamman. Duk abin wanzu a matsayin baiwa a cikin rayuwarsa - a lokaci guda kuma a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban.

Laurentian library

Duk da yake aiki a New Sacristy, wanda ya juya a cikin wani kwarjini da taƙama ɗakin sujada, Michelangelo gina ɗakin karatu. Bayan wucewa ta cikin jin dadi da tsakar gida, ta hanyar hagu nave, za ka iya samun cikin da shi. Yana da ake nufi domin qaddamar kawai. Littafin ya ƙunshi rubutun d¯a, zane lambobin, da rubutu na kungiyar tarayyar, wanda aka kammala a Majalisar Florence a 1439. Da farko zo shirayin, sa'an nan dakin da rubuce-rubucen, inda suka za a iya adana kuma karanta. Wannan dogon lebur m dutse haske katangu. A zaure ne high. Bugu da ari fiye da shi, yawon bude ido da ba su yarda. Akwai wani mutum mutumi, amma akwai twin ginshikan da cewa an recessed a bango. Musamman da hankali da aka biya zuwa sabon abu marmara bene, wanda yayi kama da ya kwarara daga zubi lawa. Ta semicircular m matakai da sosai low railings. Yana farawa a zaure bakin kofa kuma yana faɗaɗa ta samar da sassa uku. The master kansa a Roma, inda ya gina wani lãka model na matakala - da main janye daga cikin zaure.

Wannan ƙarasa da bayanin halittar baiwa na Michelangelo. A wannan m aiki, da ya gane wa m ideas. Su ne don haka m cewa tsiwirwirinsu muhimmancin ga dukan 'yan adam. Saboda haka shi ya musanya Medici Chapel. Medici Florence samu wani abin tunawa cewa ya zama wani abin tunawa, zuwa ga birnin.