Amoebic dysentery: da pathogen, cututtuka, magani

Hanji cututtuka ne babban rukuni na cututtuka da cewa hadawa shan kashi na gastrointestinal fili da kuma halayyar asibiti bayyanar cututtuka irin su tashin zuciya, amai, zawo (tare da gamsai da jini), ko maƙarƙashiya. Causative jamiái na m hanji cututtuka za su iya aiki ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtuka protozoa da helminths. Wannan ya sa da wuya a gane asali da kuma bukatar quite sau da yawa Kwancen magani.

definition

Amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery) - shi anthroponotic kamuwa da cuta da fecal-baka inji na watsa. Its mafi asali bayyananen ne a kullum relapsing colitis da extraintestinal bayyananen kamar hanta abscesses, ulcers da sauransu. Mafi sau da yawa, da kalmar da ake nufi amoebiasis amoebic dysentery, wanda aka sa ta m Entamoeba histolytica.

Daga cikin sauran amebiasis ware amoebic keratitis da encephalitis. Bisa ga World Health Organization, game da goma cikin dari na al'ummar duniya da ke kamuwa da wannan cuta, kuma shi ne daya daga cikin manyan Sanadin mutuwa daga parasitic cututtuka. Karin-hanji bayyananen ne mai wuya a gane asali, don haka don gane asali da kuma yi wa amoebiasis ba ko da yaushe zai yiwu.

epidemiology

A duk kasashen da zafi da kuma gumi sauyin yanayi ne na kowa amoebic dysentery. Alamun cutar sau da yawa za a iya samu cikin mutanen da suka shagala da kiwon lafiya da kuma tsabta nagartacce. Wadan da pathogen ne Tsakiya da kuma Kudancin Amirka, musamman Mexico, da kuma India.

Wani lokaci manyan annobar cutar da hanji cututtuka rajista a gwada kyau-kashe kasashe, kamar a shekara ta 1933, a lokacin Duniya nuni, wanda aka gudanar a Birnin Chicago. A halin yanzu, salla kuma harben lokuta faruwa a wuraren da baƙi daga wadan yankuna. Mafi sau da yawa, da kamuwa da cuta bayyana kanta a cikin dumi kakar.

A tushen kamuwa da cuta shi ne rashin lafiya mutum ko m protozoa. Kamuwa ya auku ne kawai ta hanyar datti hannuwa, abinci da kuma ruwa. Har ila yau, cutar za a iya daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar unprotected kishili lamba. An sani cewa cystic form amoebas iya yada wa da kafafu da kuma fuka-fuki na kwari.

exciter

Me ya sa ake amoebic dysentery? Pathogen shi yana nufin da sauki, wanda zai iya zama a cikin uku daban-daban siffofin:

- nama (samuwa ne kawai a adam marasa lafiya).

- luminal.

- cystic.

A karshe biyu da ake samu a dako da cutar. Yana da wani cell size of 40 micrometers, wanda yana da core kuma mai yawa vacuoles. Don matsar a cikin jikin mutum yana amfani da ƙarya kafar. Don samar da su dace da kwayoyin cuta, fungi, abinci barbashi. Amoebic dysentery lalacewa ta hanyar wannan musamman form.

Mafitsara shi ne zagaye ko m cell size of 30 micrometers. Yana iya zama da dama nuclei (biyu zuwa hudu), shi ya dogara da mataki na ci gaba.

A rayuwa ta sake zagayowar daga amoeba

Mafitsara shiga cikin kananan hanji ta hanyar hannun mutum datti, ruwa, ko foliage. Akwai mafitsara harsashi da aka hallaka, da kuma jiki lumen bayan balagagge iyaye amoeba. Wannan nau'i na farkon raba. A sakamakon wannan tsari samar takwas sabon guda-core pathogens. Amoebic dysentery fara a wannan lokacin. A mahaɗar tsakãninsu sharadi gwargwado na jiki da kuma isa aure core vegetative siffofin wani amoeba ci gaba ninka da kuma motsa kara shiga cikin hanji.

A kan aiwatar da su rayuwa mai sauki da sirrin abubuwa da guba mutane da haifar da hankula bayyanar cututtuka na hanji kamuwa da cuta. Tare da tumbi vegetative da kuma cystic siffofin fada cikin external yanayi. Inda za su iya dage na dogon lokaci. Bugu da kari, su ne resistant zuwa disinfectants.

pathogenesis

Yadda iya tasowa irin cututtuka kamar dysentery, amoebic? Kamuwa fara da cin marsa wanki abinci. Saboda amoeba shigar da makafi da kuma hawa ciwon, wanda zai iya zama na dogon lokaci zuwa bayyana kanta. Amma a m adam yanayi (dehydration, matalauta abinci mai gina jiki, dysbiosis) cysts zubar da harsashi, da kuma a can ne luminal nau'i na amoebas.

Da taimakon nasu cytolytic da proteolytic enzymes daga cikin pathogen ratsa cikin kauri daga nama, haddasa kumburi da kuma samuwar ulcers da kuma kananan yankunan na necrosis. A wasu lokuta, da amoeba shigar da jini da kuma kwarara daga ruwa fall a cikin sauran gabobin, forming akwai abscesses.

A cikin hanji nau'i na cutar da kumburi kara a downward shugabanci daga cecum da line. Mucous edematous jiki, da bayyane hyperemia kananan nodules da kuma ulcers wanda dauke da necrotic tarkace da kuma vegetative siffofin amoebae. A tsawon lokaci, da nodules hallaka, da barin a wurin wani sabon ulcers har zuwa biyu da rabi santimita a diamita. Deep lahani a kan kasa ya rufe tare da ruɓaɓɓen jini. Idan mutum yayi nazarin biopsy na miki bango, za ku sami amoebas.

Kullum cututtuka tare da samuwar cysts, polyps, kuma amoebae. Wannan ƙari samuwar, wanda ya kunshi granulation nama fibroblasts da eosinophils.

extraintestinal fom

Amoebic dysentery yana da biyu dyspeptic bayyanar cututtuka, da kuma somatic. Lokacin da vegetative siffofin amoebae shiga cikin kauri daga cikin hanji bango, su shiga tsari dabam dabam. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa da baza na pathogen ta cikin jiki. Bisa ga tsarin na portal jannayẽnsa amoeba shigar da hanta parenchyma.

Gabar iya ci gaba raunuka na sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na tsanani, daga mai gina jiki, ko don bayyana steatosis hepatitis da kuma hanta ƙurji, located karkashin Dome na diaphragm. Wani lokacin shi ke ma kira cakulan cysts saboda takamaiman launi na ruɓaɓɓen jini. Idan kumburi ba a bi, akwai zo da wani yunkri bude wani ƙurji a cikin kogon ciki da ci gaban peritonitis. Ko mafitsara iya karya ta diaphragm cikin huhu, mediastinum ko pericardium, haifar da m rikitarwa. Bugu da kari ga hanta, da wakili ne da ikon hallaka cikin kwakwalwa, fata da kuma sauran gabobin.

asibitin

A shiryawa zamani yana for game da mako guda, bayan da bayyana amoebic dysentery. Alamun fara tare da wani janar wani rauni, zafi a cikin iliac yankin, ya kuma tashi a cikin jiki. Goma cikin dari na lokuta da cutar daukan wani fulminant hanya. An halin profuse zawo da jini da kuma gamsai, wanda ya haddasa tsanani dehydration da kuma mutuwa. Wani wuri a cikin wata uku da marasa lafiya da zazzabi a tare da kara girma daga cikin hanta. Kumburi a farkon cutar ne mai rauni, don haka a general bincike na jini ba a lura da halayyar canje-canje.

A wasu extraintestinal bayyananen tare dysentery. Alama da za a iya kira pathognomonic, a cikin wannan yanayin ne mãsu fakowa ba. Amebiasis ma ba bayyana kanta a cikin jiki har da tara har wani m taro na wakili.

Idan ba ka yi wani mataki game da lura da wannan cuta, sai bayan wani lokaci da kamuwa da cuta daukan kullum yanayi. A hankali, anemia da kuma cachexia. A kasan juriya na jiki, da sauri da hanji form wuce a cikin extraintestinal. A hadarin category hada da matasa da yara, tsofaffi, da mata masu juna biyu da kuma marasa lafiya shan immunosuppressants.

bincikowa da

By abin da sharudda kafa ganewar asali "dysentery"? Ganewar asali da kuma lura da wannan kamuwa da cuta da aka hankali hade da rai sake zagayowar daga protozoa. Domin ya bayyana da etiology da zawo, likita daukan wani stool samfurin, a cikin abin da akwai nama siffofin amoebas. Idan faeces ne cysts ko translucent form, wannan ya nuna a karusa, da ba zai iya zama a matsayin tabbaci na ganewar asali.

Tun da jikin mutum a matsayin yanaye pathogenic Flora ne riga da dama iri amoebas, da ganewar asali iya zama mafi wuya. Kuskuren bincikar lafiya kuma za a iya gano tare da Entamoeba dispar. Shi ne ba pathogenic amoeba, wanda shi ne gaba daya m ga mutane, amma shi ne morphologically sosai kama da dysentery.

Don tabbatar da bincike da kuma yin amfani da polymerase sarkar dauki da kuma serological gwaje-gwaje. Don gane extraintestinal siffofin amoebiasis, shi wajibi ne su gudanar da X-ray jarrabawa, duban dan tayi da kuma lissafta tomography. Bambance amoebic kamuwa da cuta da shigellosis, salmonellosis da nonspecific ulcerative colitis.

magani

Jiyya na amoebic dysentery fara da cytotoxic kwayoyi kamar metronidazole ko tinidazole. Idan haƙuri yana da wani bayyanar cututtuka, shi ne ya kawar da parasites za a iya amfani da yodohinod ko paromomycin.

The sosai farko magani da amoebiasis ya emetine, wanda aka mined a kudancin Amirka na ipecac. Yanzu an yi amfani da wuya, tun yana da matuƙar mai guba da ba tasiri isa. By wannan yana nufin na roko ne kawai a taron na a shafe tsawon kwarara, a resistant siffofin da alerji zuwa metronidazole.

Domin lura da karin-hanji siffofin ne metronidazole hade tare yatrenom, doydohinom, meksaformom da sauran kwayoyi. A wasu lokuta koma ga tiyata.

rikitarwa

Amoebic dysentery a cikin mutane shi ne iya zama da wahala ta perforation na hanji bango. Wannan na faruwa a lokacin da samuwar ma mai zurfi aibi. Lokacin da perforation hanji abinda ke ciki a cikin kogon ciki da kuma harba shi. Ci gaba da wadannan rikitarwa - peritonitis. Domin ajiye haƙuri ta rayuwa, wajibi ne a koma ga m kula: Make a midline laparotomy da kuma na ciki gabobin da za su gudanar da wani duba.

Wani tsanani wahala - hanji zub da jini. Har ila yau tasowa a kan aiwatar da samuwar ulcers. To ya sauƙi zai yiwu zai dauki duka biyu ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma gudanar da hanyoyin. Warkar ulcers ne saboda samuwar tabo nama kunkuntar lumen, watse haka da nassi na abinci.

rigakafin

Amoebic dysentery - hanji kamuwa da cuta, don haka hana shi, dole ne dace decontaminated kafofin na pathogen: Inuwa tafkunan, kududdufai da sauran ruwa rarraba tsarin.

Bugu da kari, da bukatar daukar matakan gane dako da sporovydeliteley, kazalika da za mu bi da marasa lafiya da m siffofin yarda da anti-annoba matakan. Convalescent mutane da kuma motoci a wani hali ba bukatar da za a yarda da aiki a catering.

Wata hanya don rage yawan kamuwa da mutane shi ne ya gabatar sirri kiwon lafiya da kuma dace handling abinci kafin amfani. Bayan wani baya kamuwa da cuta a wani mutum dole a kai a kai, a shekarar lura a cikin nazarin cututtuka. Shi ne kawai bayan da ƙididdiga a cikin watanni uku zai zama korau domin amoebiasis, da mãsu haƙuri za a yi la'akari da matsayin karshe lafiya.