Artificial tsokoki da hannuwanku: samar da siffofin

Modern mutummutumi iya magance. Amma a lokaci guda suna da nisa daga mutum lightness da alherin motsi. Kuma laifi ga cewa - ajizai wucin gadi tsokoki. Masana kimiyya a kasashe da dama na kokarin warware wannan matsalar. A labarin da za a kishin taƙaitaccen review na ban mamaki ƙirƙirãwa.

Polymer tsokoki da Singapore da masana kimiyya

Mataki zuwa ga wani ƙarin humanoid mutummutumi sun kwanan sanya wa mãsu ƙirƙira na National University of Singapore. Yau Androids Olympics tafi da aiki na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tsarin. Muhimmanci korau da - a kananan gudun. Artificial tsokoki for mutummutumi ne wakilta Singapore masana kimiyya cyborg damar ba kawai don ya dauke abubuwa da suke da 80 sau mutum fiye da nasu nauyi, amma kuma su yi da shi kamar yadda azumi kamar yadda wani mutum.

M zane, dogon budewa har zuwa sau biyar, yana taimaka wa "kewaye" da mutummutumi ko da tururuwa, wanda aka sani da suna, zai iya kawo abubuwa har zuwa 20 sau mutum fiye da nauyin nasu Kwayoyin. Polymer tsokoki da wadannan abũbuwan amfãni:

• sassauci.
• karin karfin;
• sassauci.
• da ikon canja siffar ga 'yan seconds.
• maida sanadin motsi makamashi a cikin na'urar samar da makamashi.

Duk da haka, a lokaci guda, masana kimiyya suna ba zai tsaya a can - a cikin tsare-tsaren don ƙirƙirar wucin gadi tsokoki da cewa zai ba da damar da robot don ya dauke wani kaya, shi ne 500 sau mutum fiye da shi!

Opening na Harvard - tsokoki na wayoyin da elastomer

Ir suka yi aiki a Makarantar aiyuka da Engineering, Harvard University, gabatar da wani qualitatively sabon wucin gadi tsokoki for haka ake kira "m" mutummutumi. Bisa ga masana kimiyya, da zũriyarsu, kunsha na mai taushi elastomer da wayoyin, wanda abun da ke ciki na carbon nanotubes, a cikin halaye ne ba na baya zuwa adam tsoka!

All data kasance a yau mutummutumi, kamar yadda aka ambata riga, suna dogara ne a kan tafiyarwa wanda inji - a hydraulics ko pneumatics. Irin wannan tsarin aiki da matsa iska ko dauki na sinadarai. Shi ba zai yiwu ya yi wani robot, kamar taushi da kuma sauri a matsayin wani mutum. Harvard masana kimiyya sun shafe wannan rashi ta samar da wani sabon ra'ayi na wucin gadi tsokoki for mutummutumi.

A sabon "tsokoki" cyborgs - Multi-Layer tsarin a cikin abin da wayoyin na nanotubes ta Clark a cikin Lab, gudu da manya da ƙananan yadudduka na m elastomer, shi ne brainchild na masana kimiyya daga Jami'ar California riga. Wadannan tsokoki ne manufa domin duka biyu "m" Androids da ga laparoscopic kida a tiyata.

A wannan gagarumar sabuwar dabara, Harvard masu bincike ba su daina akwai. Daya daga cikin su latest aukuwa - shi biorobot-gangara. Da aka gyara - zuciya tsoka Kwayoyin a berayen da zinariya, da silicon.

Da sabuwar dabara Bauhmana rukuni: daya irin na wucin gadi tsokoki dangane da carbon nanotubes

A 1999 a Australian garin Kirchberg a 13th taron na kasa da kasa Winter School a kan lantarki Properties na m kayan, sanya a gabatar masanin kimiyya Ray Bauhman aiki a cikin kamfanin Allied Signal da kuma shugaban kasa da kasa bincike tawagar. Sa onsa shi ne topic na wucin gadi tsokoki.

Developers karkashin Ray Bauhmana iya samar da carbon nanotubes a cikin nau'i na zanen gado nanopaper. Tubules a cikin wannan sabuwar dabara ake karfi lauye da sarƙafewa a tsakãninsu. Ta nanopaper ya bayyanar kama da saba - shi yiwuwa a rike a hannunsa, a yanka a cikin tube da kuma guda.

Experiment kungiyar hankali sosai sauki - da masu bincike a haɗe zuwa daban-daban guda nanopaper bangarorin m tef da kika aika da zane a hydrochloric conductive bayani. Bayan slabovoltnaya baturi aka hada da, duka biyu nanobelts tsawo, musamman da daya da aka haɗa ta korau iyakacin duniya na lantarki da batura. sa'an nan nada takarda. Model na wucin gadi tsoka aiki.

Bauhman kansa ya yi imanin cewa ya firtsi bayan da ingantaccen modernization muhimmanci fasalin yaro-, domin irin wannan carbon tsokoki a lokacin lankwashewa / tsawo ƙirƙirar wani lantarki m - samar da makamashi. Bayan wannan musculature ne sau uku da karfi fiye da mutum zai iya aiki a musamman high da kuma low yanayin zafi, ta amfani da aikin low amperage da irin ƙarfin lantarki. Yana da quite yiwu da aikace-aikace da kuma} afar roba mutum tsoka.

Jami'ar Texas: wucin gadi tsokoki na kama kifi layi da kuma dinki thread

Daya daga cikin mafi daukan hankali shi ne aikin da kimiyya kungiyoyin daga Jami'ar Texas, wanda aka located in Dallas. Ta gudanar a samu wani model na wucin gadi tsoka a ƙarfinka da ikonka a reminiscent na wani jet engine - 7.1 HP / kg! Wadannan tsokoki ne daruruwan sau fi karfi kuma mafi m mutum. Amma mafi m abu ne cewa suna gina daga m kayan - high scaffold na wani polymer da kuma dinki thread.

Abinci irin tsokoki - ne da yawan zafin jiki drop. Yana bayar da wani dinki thread mai rufi da bakin ciki Layer na karfe. Duk da haka, a nan gaba, mutummutumi tsokoki iya ciyar da kashe na yanayi zazzabi canje-canje. Wannan alama, ta hanyar, shi za a iya amfani da adapting to yanayin tufafi, da sauran irin wannan na'urorin.

Idan ka karkatar da magana, da polymer a cikin shugabanci, shi zai cika fuska ji ƙyama a lokacin tsanani da kuma fadada cikin hanzari a lokacin da sanyaya, amma idan wasu - shi ne tushen akasin haka. Irin wannan ingenuous tsarin iya, misali, kafin a juya cikin na'ura mai juyi a gudun alama 10 dubu. Rev / min. Plus, wadannan wucin gadi tsokoki na kama kifi line shi ne cewa su za a iya rage zuwa 50% na farko tsawon (mutum kawai 20%). Bugu da kari, suna bambanta da na ƙwarai jimiri - wannan musculature ba "gaji" ko da bayan milyan maimaitawa na mataki!

Daga Texas a Cupid

Opening na masana kimiyya daga Dallas wahayi zuwa gare masana kimiyya da dama daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Nasarar maimaita kwarewa, duk da haka, ya kasance daya kawai yaro- - Alexander Nikolayevich Semochkin, shugaban na Laboratory na Information Technologies a Belarushiyanci Jihar Pedagogical University.

Da farko, da ya kirkiro ha uri don sabon articles a Science game da taro gabatarwar a cikin yi na ƙarya Amurka takwarorinsu. Tun da yake wannan bai faru ba, Siberian masanin kimiyya yanke shawarar da magoya bayansa maimaita wani ban mamaki kwarewa da kuma haifar da hannuwanku wucin gadi tsokoki sanya na jan karfe waya da kuma igiyar su. Amma, alas, wani kwafin tabbatar da unsustainable.

Inspiration na "Skolkovo"

Baya ga kusan watsi da gwaje-gwajen da Aleksandra Semochkina sanya al'amarin - masanin kimiyyar fadi a kan robotehnicheskuyu taro a "Skolkovo", inda ya gana da kamar shiryayye daga Zelenograd, "Neyrobotiks" shugaban kamfanin. Kamar yadda ya juya waje, da injiniyoyi na kamfanin ne ma tsunduma a cikin halittar tsokoki na dazuzzuka, wanda shi ne quite mai yiwuwa.

Back gida, Alexander da sabon sojojin fara aiki. Domin shida makonni ya ya iya ba kawai tãra aiki wanda ake iya yi wucin gadi tsokoki, amma kuma ya halicci inji for dõmin karkatarwa su, wanda sanya coils na kama kifi line ne tsananin repeatable.

Gaske Shelar wucin gadi tsokoki

Don ƙirƙirar biyar-santimita tsoka A. N. Semochkinu bukatar mitoci da dama na waya da kuma 20 cm talakawa kama kifi line. A na'ura na "samarwa" na tsokoki, da hanyar, sun buga 3D-printer, juya maganar da hannu domin minti 10. Sa'an nan rabin awa tsarin da aka sanya shi a cikin wani gini na kona har zuwa +180 digiri Celsius.

Actuate irin tsoka ne zai yiwu, ta hanyar lantarki na yanzu - shi ne isa zuwa connect da tushen zuwa waya. A sakamakon haka, shi zai fara zuwa zafi sama da kuma aika su da zafi da igiyar su. Last miƙa ko rage - dangane da irin tsoka cewa juya inji.

tsare-tsaren domin kirkiro

A sabon aikin Aleksandra Semochkina - "sanar" da tsokoki da sauri ya kõmo zuwa ta asali jihar. Wannan zai iya taimaka cikin m sanyaya na samar da waya - masanin kimiyyar kwakwalwa gaba da cewa wannan tsari zai faru a karkashin ruwa da sauri. Bayan wani irin tsoka da aka samu, karo na farko da mai so Iskanderus - anthropomorphic robot BSPU.

The masanin kimiyyar bai kiyaye firtsi m - kayansa mãsu fita da bidiyo a kan "Youtube" da kuma shirin rubuta wani labarin da cikakken umarnin a samar da motoci, tsoka karkatacciyar na kama kifi layi da waya.

Lokaci bai tsaya har yanzu - wucin gadi tsokoki, wanda mun gaya muku, riga amfani da tiyata ga endo- da laparoscopic tiyata. Kuma a cikin Lab, "Disney" tare da su sa hannu tattara a amfani hannunka.