Asali goat madara: description, photos. kiwo awaki

Goat - unpretentious, mai tsabta, da ya dace da kuma m ga wani iyali Pet. Hakika, yana bukatar yanayin da ake tsare, kula da kuma hankali, ko da wasan kwaikwayon na wasu son zũciyõyin, ga abin da za ta biya sau ɗari da mai shi. Warkar madara, m nama - wancan ne abin da kiwo awaki. Kiwo su - shi ne painstaking, amma da sauki, da sauri yana biya wa kanta. ciyar da halin kaka, wani na'urar turke shi ne da yawa karami fiye da wata sãniya. Su ne sauki don kula da, mai yawa lokaci ake bukata. Tsayar da hali na awaki ban sha'awa. Yara son a yi wasa da bunsurun da yara - yana da wani real circus gida.

Goat abinci da kuma warkar da

Goat ta madara - sinadirai kuma Dietetic, analogue na mutum nono. Yana idan aka kwatanta da Bovine more gina jiki, alli da phosphorus - "ginin kasa" kwarangwal da kuma hakora, shi ne fatter kuma mafi muhimmanci - allergenic. Saboda haka, babu wani mafi samfurin fiye da goat madara, kwalban-to-yara, domin mutane rashin lafiyan saniya ta saninsu ba. A cikin tsohon kwana, bãbu lõkacin Mixes to wanda makõma yanzu ciyar da jarirai, jariran ciyar da akuya ta madara. Har ila yau approvingly bayyana shi mazan, da matsaloli tare da digesting abinci. Animaloterapiya (warkad da taimakon dabbobi) da shawarar a fara a goat wahala daga hauhawar jini, kaburbura ko cholelithiasis. Madara da kuma chat tare da Pet iya warkar da wadannan mũnãnan ayyukansu.

Ga wani misali na amfani da awaki tafi ba lallai ba ne. Ka tuna Robinson. Tare da awaki da ya ciyar da, saye da shod, sadarwa tare da su haziqance shekaru masu yawa na Loneliness a baƙuwar ƙasa. Goat madara gargajiyance kira "matalauta saniya". Amma a 'yan shekarun nan, goat ta madara ne mai daraja fiye da shanu, haka ma, shi ne rare a cikin sayarwa.

kabilu masu yawa

Awaki - daya daga cikin na farko dabbobi da shekaru masu yawa na sabis don mutum - 9000 shekaru. A cewar wani m shugabanci, sun kasu kashi 5 kungiyoyin: Sherstnev, gashin tsuntsu, nama, kiwo da kuma gauraye (ulu, gashinsa, nama da madara). A kowace nahiyar, akwai wakilan kabilar melkorogatogo daban-daban dalilai. A kudu maso gabashin Asia, yafi tada awaki don samar da nama, ya ji dãɗi saukar a Altai Mountains. A Turai, yafi bred irin awaki madara. Sun dauke da ba kawai da yawan jama'a na madara da kuma ga yi na kayayyakin daga gare ta. Akwai da yawa daga bunsurun kiwo gonaki da cewa samar da albarkatun kasa da masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci da harkokin kasuwanci, da ciniki. Ga wasu sana'a ne kiwo awaki for sale. ci gaba waddan gwaje-gwajen don inganta ingancin madara da kuma kundin tsarin mulki na dabbobi don samar da sabon nau'in.

La'akari da irin na kiwo goat - mafi m, kuma mafi saba da sanyi winters fiye da Afirka Nubian awaki. Yana - Saanen, toggenburgskie, mai tsayi (Swiss, Faransa, Birtaniya) da kuma Gorky Megrelian kiwo awaki. Photography kowane wakilin canja halaye tare waje yadda ya dace halayyar.

Saanen awaki

Common kuma mafi fice na kiwo goat breeds - Saanen. The mahaifar su - Zaanental kwarin a Switzerland. Kiwo-irin a cikin duwatsu mai tsayi fadamun tare da m sauyin yanayi dade na dama ƙarni. Da farko ya nuna a Paris a 1856 a karkashin sunan Saanen goat fari hornless. A hankali, irin ta yadu zuwa Turai, inda fitar dashi don inganta madara na gida da na awaki.

Duniya shi ne babbar awaki: waddan igiyar ciki tsawo a bushe 75-80 cm (wani lokacin 85), na da wani live nauyin kg 60 (90 kg na wasu mutane). awaki-proizoditeli tsawo a bushe 82-86 cm auna 70 kg (wasu 100 kg). Jariri Goat wani talakawan of 3 kg, awaki - fiye da 4 kg. A 2 watanni da suka nauyi zuwa 10 kg a awaki da 12 kg a awaki. Yearling goat na 30 kg, awaki 35-40.

Waje Zaanen awaki

Bayyanar - wani samfurin na kiwo awaki. Kundin Tsarin Mulki nauyi ko m m kwarangwal (kwarangwal) tare da karfi da moderately ɓullo da tsokoki. Fata ne m da kuma bakin ciki, ya rufe tare da lint-Awn undercoat. Shugaban bushe matsakaici, hornless, kunnuwa "Kakakin" directed gaba da kuma dan kadan zuwa gefe. The wuyansa ne dogon lebur wani lokacin " 'yan kunne." Jiki zurfin, tsawo, fadi da isa. Kafafu suke da karfi, daidai sanya. Hooves haske rawaya. Launi fari. A kunne fata na nono, wani lokacin baki pigmentation a faci. A kyau samar da sharo- ko pear-dimbin yawa nono tare da da raya nonna.

Lactation har zuwa 330 days a shekara. Bakarãriya awaki suna milked tutur a shekaru da dama. Amfanin ƙasa na 600 ko fiye da lita lactation madara mai abun ciki a kalla 4%. Record a 3507 l ya ba tukuna aka kadawa. Kiwo awaki ya kamata a kiyaye daga bunsurun na manufacturer, in ba haka ba da madara zai zama m dandano da wari.

Saanen awaki ne m, precocity da kuma halin iya jurewa. A babu wani hankali bred shafi iri dabiu canjawa wuri sosai.

Toggenburg awaki daga

A 18th karni da Swiss na kasa selection halitta toggenburgskaya asali awaki. Domin 3 a jere karni a sakamakon giciye-kiwo da wannan irin tare da na gida breeds a kasashe daban-daban Czech bred ruwan kasa, daraja toggenburgskaya Birtaniya togennburgskaya awaki. A Rasha naúrar togennburgskie awaki isa farko a farkon karni na karshe.

Waje dutse tsaye a ruwan kasa kwat da wando amma akwai kuma dabbare dabbobi. Toggenburgskie awaki recognizable alamomin - fari alamomi: 2 tube shirya a layi daya a kan muzzle, kunnuwa Geza tare da gefuna da ƙananan ɓangare na wutsiya da kafafu daga kofato ga Hock ma fari. Kundin Tsarin Mulki karfi da kuma bushe, jitu Bugu da kari daga cikin akwati ga tsawo a bushe 0.6 m. The dogon kai a kan wani dogon wuya. Mike dan kadan lebur profile. Toggenburgskie hornless goat, awaki da ƙahoni, amma akwai hornless. Direct juya convex hakarkarinsa. Wata gabar jiki karfi na matsakaici tsawon, saita yadda ya kamata, hooves karfi barga. A sacrum, a manyan nono. A gashi ne silky, baya da cinyoyinsa tsiro zuwa 20 cm. Weight 70 kg masana'antun da banza up to 55 kg.

Toggenburgskaya salon irin na awaki (a cikin zuriyar dabbobi na yara yawanci 2-3), shi ne mai sauki acclimate ga hunturu da kuma dutsen yanayi, fi son sanyi da kuma inuwa a lokacin rani, amma wuya a ciyar da abincin sojoji, a kan wanda ya dogara da dandano na madara.

Lactation har zuwa 300 days a shekara. Milking na farko Kozlenev 500 l, tare da m madara yawan amfanin ƙasa lambing girma zuwa 1000 lita a juz'i ba tare da rage hunturu. Fat madara 3-4%. Cuku na da kyau kwarai da dandano.

Mai tsayi goat irin

Kiwo dabbobi da wannan irin fara a cikin yankunan duwatsu na Switzerland ta kasa breeding-. Sa'an nan zabin aka ci gaba a Faransa da kuma Ingila. Fitar da Swiss mai tsayi awaki da interbred tare da mafi kyau gida kankara.

Janar "mai tsayi" siffofin

Dabbobi manyan size: da shekaru 4 da shekaru, a goat a bushe tsawo 76 cm nauyi 61 kg, goat - 81 cm da 77 kg. The wuyansa ne tsawo, bushe kai tare da kafa da kunnuwa, mike profile. Akwai hornless da horned. Madara yawan aiki da kuma haihuwa ne high - daga 1200 zuwa 1600 lita na madara a kowace shekara tare da mai kyau ciyar da sharadi gwargwado, dama awaki a daya lambing. Delicious madara, mai (5.5%), kuma na gina jiki (3% gina jiki).

Mai tsayi awaki ne unpretentious ga rage cin abinci, adapting ga sabon yanayin damina da sauri, a wani garke ayan zama shugabanni (kana bukatar ka tabbatar da cewa ba ya hana wasu daga feeders), fahimta, da mai m, m. Mai tsayi kiwo goat breeds ne ba makawa a mountainous yanki - su ne m, kuma nimble, da real "climbers" da kuma za su samar da nasu abincin can, inda ba ka hawa sama da saniya, da kuma da yamma za su kawo madara ga mai shi. Hakika, da madara yawan amfanin ƙasa zai zama karami, amma abin da yake mai kyau, aikata daga magani shuke-shuke. Wadannan awaki su dace da stabling.

distinctiveness launi

A Swiss tsunduma a namo mai tsayi awakin wargi da cewa duk lokacin da suka samu Kozlenev "m kyauta" - wanda aka haifa launin awaki. Classic launuka suna "fari wuyansa" - kai da kuma jiki zuwa tsakiyar fari, da kuma sauran - m ko baki, ko "ja wuyansa" - launin ruwan kasa kai, wuyansa, kafadu da baya na baki launi. Akwai bambance-bambance da (fari spots a kan wani baki bango da kuma mataimakin versa), ruwan kasa da baki spots, ruwan kasa da baki stripe tare da kunya da kuma baki kafafu. Akwai ko da awaki - fara daga shugaban da tsakiyar akwati baki, sa'an nan zuwa ga wutsiya belye.Chisto fari gashi kuma ruwan kasa mai tsayi irin awaki ba su dauke - wannan launi ne halayyar da Zaanen da toggenburgskoy kankara.

Mai tsayi jinsin irin

Faransa mai tsayi goat madara, wani photo na wanda mai karatu wakilin, nuna a kan gangara na Faransa Alps daga saman gida breeds ketare tare da Swiss purebred awaki. Saba da yanayin da duwãtsu. Dace daban-daban - fari, hange, a karkashin launi na chamois. Akwai ƙahonin da kuma ba tare da su. A talakawan yawan aiki na har zuwa 900 lita na calving zuwa calving. A Faransa, da wasu gonaki ci gaba da dabbobi 1,000 awaki. Kiwo aiki ne da za'ayi don inganta madara abun da ke ciki da kuma suitability zuwa inji milking dabbobi.

Birtaniya mai tsayi irin, sau da yawa ake kira black toggenburgskoy, rajista a farkon karni na karshe a Ingila. Pure baki launi tare da farin "Swiss kan sarki" - tsiri a kan fuskarsa, bezel kunnuwa, "safa" a kan ƙafãfunsu, "podboyka" a kasa na wutsiya. Goat tsayi da kuma siriri, sauki-dogon kai a kan wani m wuyansa, kafa da kunnuwa da dan kadan nuna gaba. Daily madara yawan amfanin ƙasa har zuwa 4.5 lita.

Kiwo goat breeds a Rasha

Gorky ne mai cancanta wakilin goat. A labarin da dutse ne ba wasu. Amma mu sani cewa magabatansu sun Rasha kiwo awaki da fari-zaanenki kasashen waje, shigo da a farkon karni na karshe a cikin Nizhny Novgorod yankin, ya kira a Soviet sau, Gorky, me ya sa, kuma ba da sunan irin. A halin yanzu, wadannan awaki samar da yawan jama'a da kuma tattalin arzikin da baƙauye manoman na Nizhny Novgorod yankin. Daga cikin gida Rasha irin an dauki mafi kyau da kuma kokarin da mutane ta shayarwa ya ci gaba da halittu farfadowa a cikin shugabanci na madara samarwa.

Waje Gorkovskaya goat zaanenskoj kama, amma dan kadan karami dabbobi da size da kuma nauyi: 50 kg awaki, da bunsurai m - 60 ko fiye da kilogiram na live nauyi. Halin da farin launi da gajeren gashi kuma underfur - 10% fluff. A sassa daban daban na jiki gashi na daban-daban yawa da tsawon. Haihuwa ne mai kyau: bunsurun ne yawanci kawo 2 yaro, amma akwai lokuta Kozlenev 4-5 yara.

Lactation har zuwa watanni 10 a shekara, da wani talakawan nadaivanii a lokacin wannan lokaci na 500 lita. Tare da kyau kula madara samarwa isa 1000 lita kuma mafi. Bayan watanni shida Kozlenev DSA madara da ake samu ana sa a daya girma, sa'an nan kuma rage markedly.

Daga cikin awaki ne fluff - 250 g for iCal, mãdalla da akuya, amfani for high quality-shevrovoy fata.

Popular yau purebred kiwo awaki, da farashin da, quite frankly, dama (purebred goat wata-wata ta halin kaka a kan 30 dubu. Rubles), ba duk akwai. Sabon shiga zai iya bayar da shawara: saya m Gorky akuya, saba da sanyi, unpretentious ga feed, haihuwa da kuma kyau yawan aiki da kuma wani dadi dukan madara.

Mingrelian goat

A wajen yamma, Georgia, Samegrelo, irin na kiwo goat breeds Mingrelian filayen kwari da tudu da irin. A lebur ƙasa mazauna ƙauyuka kiyaye a kan wani leash da dabbobi a cikin stalls na farko da irin. Sun ciyar da su girbe shuka abinci, sharar gida daga 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu. Awaki kwaruruka kananan, da talakawan nauyi na tunkiya a kafada tsawo na 60 cm na 33-37 kg, awaki fi girma, kuma nauyi - a karkashin 50 kg. Domin kwanaki 200 a madara daga awaki nadaivayut wani talakawan na 300 lita na madara, a ba rikodin mariƙin 750. Haihuwa kananan: kawai 20 daga 100 tumakinsa kawo akuya 2, sauran daya.

Mountain awaki fi girma fiye da takwarorinsu da wani karfi kundin tsarin mulkin kasar da kuma m kwarangwal, mafi m. Weight bunsurai zuwa 50 zuwa 70 kg kg awaki. Kuje a matsafai na kan makiyaya daga spring zuwa marigayi kaka, a cikin hunturu da suka sauka daga kololuwa a cikin dutsen kwaruruka, inda suka suna kiwon. The yawan aiki na wani talakawan na daga 200 zuwa 250 lita shida-wata lactation. Haihuwa ne kananan - 110 yara daga 100 tumakinsa.

Launi Mingrelian awaki, da fari, ja da launin toka. Short gashi m. All dabbobi da da raya lankwasa ƙahonin a cikin nau'i na wasiƙa S a kan da dama elongated kai, tare da matsakaici-tsawon gyammansu.

Mingrelian awaki ne resistant zuwa cuta. A sake ma su matsugunni da wadannan awaki a wasu yankunan za su inganta jimiri da kuma yawan aiki na gida breeds na awaki.

kiwo awaki

Adult purebred awaki domin kiwo ne da wuya a samu da kuma biya su zai yi tsada. Za ka iya je da sauran hanyar da - daga awaki, da na awaki purebred iyaye na daban-daban gonaki, dauke da fitar da mafi muhimmanci mulki - a ban on inbreeding. Shi ne safest juya cikin shayarwa waddan awaki. Kada ka manta da kyau tsohon mulkin: tsada amma mai kyau da kuma cheap lokaci - ka san, "mayar da hankali" ba zai yiwu ba.

Duba da akuya da kuma goat-m-uwa - thoroughbred ãyõyi sun kasance bayyane. Mai kaya kalma game da high yawan aiki na zauna cikin mahaifa zuwa duba yi - har zuwa madara a goat a gabanka. A gwada madara dandano da wari.

Na m awaki lambing, a cikinsa akwai fiye da biyu. Musamman da hankali ga nan gaba na manufacturer. Goat for kiwo ya kamata a polled. Duba ci gaban da haihuwa gabobin na awaki.

Bincika a cikin sayarwa yadda ciyar. Muhimmi: kafin watanni biyu na shekaru yara madarar uwarsa ya zama su babban rage cin abinci. Personal girma da kuma ci gaban da aka hukunci da nauyi, da ci, bayyanar gashi gashi kuma playfulness abu na sayarwa.

Kuma awaki ribar zuwa m wurin da ake tsare. Sauran (mai kyau kiwo) ya dogara da ta dace ciyar da kuma kula dabba kula.