Autotrophs da heterotrophs: halaye, kamance da kuma bambance-bambance

A duniya, gida zuwa wata babbar iri-iri wasu halittu masu rai. Domin saukaka, daga karatunsu, masu bincike rarraba duk kwayoyin a kan daban-daban filaye. A cewar da irin abincin da dukkan rayuwa ne zuwa kashi biyu manyan kungiyoyin - autotrophs da heterotrophs. Bugu da kari, akwai wata kungiyar mixotrophy - ne kwayoyin saba da iri abinci. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu tattauna fasali na rayuwa na biyu main kungiyoyin da gano abin da yake da bambanci daga autotrophs heterotrophs.

Autotrophs - kwayoyin da kansa rairaya kwayoyin halitta daga inorganic. A wannan kungiyar ne wasu iri jikin kwayoyin cutar da kusan duk kwayoyin na da shuka mulkin. A lokacin da rai aiki autotrophs yi amfani da daban-daban inorganic abubuwa shigar daga waje (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, da baƙin ƙarfe, da dai sauransu), da keke a cikin halayen da kira na hadaddun kwayoyin mahadi (musamman carbohydrates da kuma sunadarai).

Heterotrophic kwayoyin ciyar a kan kwayoyin halitta shirya, su iya haduwa nasu. Wannan kungiyar hada da namomin kaza, dabbobi (ciki har da mutumin), wasu kwayoyin cuta har ma da wasu shuke-shuke (wasu parasitic jinsunan).

Kamar yadda zamu iya gani, babban bambanci daga autotrophs heterotrophs ne da sinadaran yanayin da abinci mai gina jiki da suke bukata. Daban-daban matakai da kuma yanayi na iko. Autotrophic kwayoyin ciyar da makamashi a lokacin canji na inorganic abubuwa a cikin kwayoyin heterotrophs makamashi a lokacin da ba ciyar iko. Autotrophs da heterotrophs ya kasu kashi biyu kungiyoyin dangane da makamashi Madogararsa (a cikin farko idan) da kuma daga abinci substrate amfani da na biyu da irin kwayoyin.

Daga cikin autotrophs saki photoautotrophic kwayoyin da chemoautotrophic. Photoautotrophs for rikirkida amfani da makamashi na hasken rana. Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa a cikin wannan rukuni na kwayoyin faruwa a takamaiman tsari - photosynthesis (ko da wani tsari kama da rubuta shi). Carbon dioxide prevraschetsya a daban-daban Organic mahadi. Chemoautotrophs amfani da makamashi samu ta hanyar wasu sinadaran halayen. Wannan kungiyar hada da wani iri-iri na kwayoyin.

Heterotrophic kwayoyin kasu kashi metatrofy da paratrofy. Metatrofy matsayin substrate hanyoyin gudanar da mahadi amfani da matattu kwayoyin paratrofy - a raye.

Autotrophs da heterotrophs zauna wasu mukamai a cikin abinci sarkar. Autotrophs ne ko da yaushe kera - sun kirkiro kwayoyin abubuwa waxanda suke da daga baya hanya ta hanyar dukan sarkar. Heterotrophs ne daban-daban umarni da masu amfani da (kamar yadda mai mulkin, a cikin wannan category ne dabbobi) da kuma decomposers (fungi, kwayoyin cuta). A wasu kalmomin, autotrophs da heterotrophs nunawa tsakanin su trophic dangantaka. Yana da muhimmanci ga muhalli halin da ake ciki a duniya, domin shi ne saboda trophic dangantakar za'ayi da zagayowar abubuwa a yanayi.