Biomass - wannan ... Production na man shuke-shuke

Ko a makaranta, kowa da kowa ya kamata sane da darajar "biomass" nazarin halittu lokaci. Wannan ra'ayi za a iya bayyana a matsayin totality of dukan abubuwa masu rai a wannan duniya tamu. A wannan labarin, za mu magana game da biomass kumbura, kuma musamman da hankali ne a ba ta aiki. 'Yan mutane san cewa biomass - tushen man shuke-shuke. Mun bincika a ta aice duk hanyoyi na aiki. Bayan karanta wannan labarin, za ka iya mika ilmi tsiwirwirinsu, a ilmin halitta aji.

biomass

"KATSI" Bari mu fara da ra'ayi. Shi ne, kamar yadda ya bayyana a cikin da yawa shiryar, nauyi na dukan abubuwa masu rai a wannan duniya tamu. A biomass da aka sanya a matsayin kira biota. Dukansu zažužžukan su ne daidai. Alal misali, sama da biomass na duniya tamu Duniya: shi ne kamar 4.5 ya kai tan biliyan. Yarda, kyawawan m adadi!

A Concepts "biota" da kuma "mai" an inextricably nasaba. Biomass ne mai muhimmanci da kuma na musamman da makamashi hanya. Wannan makamashi hanya yana dauke da ake bukata adadin carbon, wanda zai iya maye gurbin burbushin habaka. Wannan tushen samar da makamashi, wanda shi ne biomass - sabunta. Yanzu kai tsaye kan yadda aiki yake faruwa biota.

biomass

Saboda haka, biomass - wani tarin dukan abubuwa masu rai a duniya. Yanzu zabi babban hanyoyin da aiki. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka masu biyowa na samar da makamashi daga biomass:

• kona.
• gasification.
• pyrolysis.
• fermentation.
• fermentation.

A biomass za a iya tuba a cikin daban-daban iri na man fetur: ruwa, m da kuma iskar gas. A halin yanzu mafi m shugabanci samun man shuke-shuken da kai tsaye konewa.

gõbara

Biomass - da totality of duk masu rai, wanda za a iya canza kama zuwa samar da makamashi da muke bukata. A wannan sashe, za mu magana game da canji na fi na kowa hanya - by kona.

Me wannan zabin ne mafi amfani? Yana da matukar sauki, saboda kona - shi ne mafi sauki hanya na samar da makamashi. Vata incinerated kafa tururi gudãnar da janareta na'ura mai juyi da ake bukata domin samar da makamashi.

A Hanyar cikin tambaya ba aikawa zuwa duk iri abu saboda jari na ash a cikin boilers, wanda ƙara musu goyon baya da kuma halin kaka rage yawan aiki. Kamar wancan sarrafa ta wasu abubuwa.

gasification

Mene ne biomass? Wannan ilmin halitta bi a matsayin tara taro na dukan abubuwa masu rai a wannan duniya tamu, da kawai irin mai sabunta makamashi hanya. Yanzu a takaice game da aiwatar da sake amfani da ake kira "gasification".

Wannan hanyar dogara ne a kan sakamakon high zafin jiki a kan m man fetur. Halin da kai tsaye konewa a cewa oxygen da aka iyakance Madogararsa. Saboda haka za mu iya samun wani daban-daban man fetur da gas ga gas injin turbin. A gas cakuda iya kunshi:

• carbon monoxide;
• carbon dioxide.
• nitrogen.
• hydrogen.
• methane.

A amfani da wannan fasaha ne da samuwar methane, wanda za a iya amfani da wannan manufa a matsayin cewa na iskar gas.

pyrolysis

Cewa wannan biomass, makaranta Hakika ilmin halitta ba ta ambaci na pyrolysis - har yanzu wani aiki hanya, a cikin abin da biomass (musamman itace) a karkashin mataki na high zafin jiki da kuma babu oxygen ne bazu zuwa cikin ruwa da kuma kayayyakin gaseous. Saura abu bayan pyrolysis ne gawayi. An mayar da hankali ga wannan adadin makamashi, amma masu nauyi daga m man fetur a kan tsari na girma karami, wanda sosai dace ga harkokin sufuri.

Yanzu raya fasahar da cewa sabobin tuba a man fetur da gas volatiles. Samar a wannan hanya da gas ne mai muhimmanci da tushen for yawa hydrocarbons.

fermentation

Wannan hanyar dogara ne a kan aiki na biomass da anaerobic kwayoyin cuta, wadda suke iya cinye kwayoyin halitta da kuma maida shi cikin gas. Da taimakon wadannan kwayoyin cuta na iya samar da makamashi daga taki, ko da dabbobi. Ga yanayi na taimaka mutum. A karshen kawai ya kamata nagarta sosai amfani da samuwa ilmi to samu gas samo asali (a cikin wannan harka methane da hydrogen).

Anaerobic kwayoyin ne ba a wuraren da babu oxygen. Mafi na kowa mazauninsu ne Marshes. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa kusa da wadannan ruwa gawarwakin ne irin twang.

fermentation

A mutane, mutane suna amfani da su samar da ethanol yin amfani da sukari da kuma yisti. Tare da taimakon da latest yiwu aiwatar da fermentation, da kuma fermentation shi dogara ne a kan wannan manufa. Kawai ga samar da makamashi daga biomass amfani da fadi kewayon kayan, har da simintin gyaran kafa itace samar.

Biomass da kuma man fetur

A cikin wannan binciken, mun yi nazari akan hanyoyin samar da makamashi da samar daga biomass, ya gana da ra'ayi. Amma duk da haka ya kamata a kara da cewa, mafi yadu amfani ethanol. An sau da yawa amfani da man fetur domin kai, haƙĩƙa, ba a tsarkake tsari, amma a lokacin da gauraye da fetur. Yana da kyau a nuna ba kawai a kasa gurbatawa da yanayi, amma kuma su safarar yi.