Bleach, ta physico-sinadaran da kuma aikace-aikace na da kaddarorin

Bleach ya kuma kira alli hypochlorite ko bleaching foda. Ko da yake karshen lokaci ne ba quite dama, saboda abu ne mai hadaddun cakuda da shi ya hada da ba wai kawai hypochlorite (Ca (ClO) 2), amma kuma oxychloride (CaClO), chloride (CaCl2), alli hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2). Har ila yau, na iya zama ba a matsayin najasa na baƙin ƙarfe chloride (III), wanda anka a yellowish tint. Karkashin al'ada yanayi, wannan fili yana mai ɗamfarar tara jihar, karfi wari na chlorine kuma sau da yawa fari saka launi. The ruwa dissolves kawai alli hypochlorite, da chlorine saki a cikin yanayi, da sikeli constituting cakuda kafa wani lokacin farin ciki precipitate - slurry.

Lokacin da hasken rana kai tsaye perchloric lemun tsami sake oxygen, da kuma a kan dumama shi decomposes tare da ci gaba da zafi, wanda zai iya kai wa ga wani fashewa. A wannan connection, da abu ya kamata a adana a cikin duhu, sanyi (unheated) da kuma ventilated dakuna. Lokacin aiki tare da bleaching foda kamata a yi amfani domin kariya na fata, numfashi tsarin, musamman a cikin ta samarwa da kuma harkokin sufuri da wuraren.

Daga mahangar sunadarai, Bleach wakili wanda dabara da aka rubuta CaCl (OCl), da dangantaka da gauraye (biyu) salts, Ina nufin, Ya ƙunshi biyu anions. Har ila yau, wannan fili ne mai karfi da oxidant m, a wani alkaline bayani maida MnO (manganese oxide (II)) → MnO2 (manganese oxide (IV)). ta maida martani da kwayoyin abubuwa don su konewa. By dauki tare da sulfuric ko hydrochloric acid auku chlorine selection: Ca (ClO) CL + H2SO4 → Cl2 + CaSO4 + H2O.

Wannan abu da aka shirya ta chlorination a samar da alli hydroxide. A irin wannan tsari shi ne samu da Bleach uku maki - 26, 32 da kuma 35% na aiki chlorine (da adadin m chlorine saki da mataki a kan wannan cakuda HCI ko H2SO4 acid). Daya hasara na wannan abu shi ne cewa shi ya zama aiki a kan ajiya chloro, 5-10% a kowace shekara. Ka yi kokarin magance wannan ta sakewa da inganta zaman lafiyar da samfurin ta wucewa chlorine gas ta hanyar wani dakatar da Ca (OH) 2. Active chlorine a fili kamar haka samu ne 45-70%. Wani drawback wannan abu ne da cewa shi sa lalata na karfe corrodes, da kuma auduga yadudduka. Saboda haka, ka kiyaye shi a cikin wani katako, ganga, roba kwantena ko roba bags da kunshe-kunshe.

Bleach farfado bactericidal da sporicidal Properties aka ƙaddara da gaban hypochlorous acid da oxygen a cikin bayani. Saboda wannan, shi ne yadu amfani a cikin tsarkakewa daga sharar gida da ruwa daga daban-daban najasa da kuma kiwon lafiya cibiyoyin matsayin disinfectant (sarrafa surface, jama'a sarari). Kuma amfani da Bleach a yi na nama ɓangaren litattafan almara da kuma takarda.

Saboda haka, Bleach - shi ne wani hadadden cakuda da cewa shi ne chemically quite aiki abu da kuma farfado da wani karfi oxidant Properties. A ruwa-ruwa bayani hydrolyses ta samar da hypochlorous acid (NS1O). Tare da kara yawan zafin jiki (dumama) kuma a karkashin mataki na hasken rana decomposes, sakewa da oxygen da kuma chlorine.